Association of an SNP marker in exon 24 of a class 3 phosphoinositide‐3‐kinase (PIK3C3) gene with production traits in Duroc pigs     

Kensuke HIROSE  Tatsuya TAKIZAWA  Kazuo FUKAWA  Tetsuya ITO  Masayuki UEDA  Yoichi HAYASHI  Kazuaki TANAKA 《Animal Science Journal》2011,82(1):46-51

A C?T single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) on exon 24 of the porcine class 3 phosphoinositide‐3‐kinase (PIK3C3) gene is considered a possible genetic marker for selecting backfat (BF) thickness and carcass fat, although only one study has published results on its effects by performing experiments on a single resource family. We analyzed the association of this PIK3C3 polymorphism with production traits in 739 Duroc pigs. The C allele frequency was 67.9% in our study population. PIK3C3 polymorphism showed significant effects on average daily weight gain (ADG), BF thickness, intermuscular fat content (IMF), and the size of the loin eye muscle area (EMA). The C alleles increased ADG, BF and IMF, and decreased EMA. The predicted differences in traits between the homozygous pigs of the C and T alleles were 40 g/day for DG, 1.2 mm for BF, 0.44% for IMF, and 1.6 cm² for EMA. Furthermore, the statistical models for estimating the breeding values of each trait had lower Akaike's information criterion values when adding PIK3C3 genotype information. We therefore confirmed that the polymorphism in PIK3C3 (C2604T) has the potential to be a genetic marker for production traits in Duroc pigs.  相似文献   

Effect of salinity change on free amino acid content in Pacific oyster   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

MASATOMI  HOSOI  SATOSHI  KUBOTA  MASAKO  TOYOHARA  HARUHIKO  TOYOHARA  ISAO  HAYASHI 《Fisheries Science》2003,69(2):395-400

ABSTRACT:   In order to identify free amino acids (FAA) that are importantas intracellular osmolytes in Crassostrea gigas , we investigatedthe change in FAA content in the mantle exposed to an abrupt decreaseor increase in salinity. In hypo-osmotic adaptation, most FAA showedremarkable and synchronous decreases from 2 to 8 h, suggestingthat the non-selective efflux of FAA was mainly responsible forthe decrease in FAA. Taurine that accounted for approximately 80% oftotal FAA content contributed most significantly to the hypo-osmoticadaptation. In hyper-osmotic adaptation, significant increases inglycine, alanine, β-alanine, proline, arginine and taurinewere observed. Of these, alanine showed an immediate increase thatis important to short-term adaptation to hyper-osmolality, whiletaurine showed a slower and substantial increase that contributesto a long-term adaptation to hyper-osmolality.  相似文献   

Hepatopancreatic rickettsial infection of the penaeid shrimp, Penaeus marginatus (Randall), from Hawaii     

J. A. BROCK  LAUREN K. NAKAGAWA  T. HAYASHI  STEPHANIE TERUYA  HANA VAN  CAMPEN 《Journal of fish diseases》1986,9(1):73-77

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Nucleotide polymorphisms and the 5′‐UTR transcriptional analysis of the bovine growth hormone secretagogue receptor 1a (GHSR1a) gene     

Masanori KOMATSU  Yuki FUJIMORI  Yoichi SATO  Hiroaki OKAMURA  Seiki SASAKI  Tomohito ITOH  Mitsuo MORITA  Ryoichi NAKAMURA  Toshiaki OE  Masako FURUTA  Junpei YASUDA  Takatoshi KOJIMA  Toshio WATANABE  Takeshi HAYASHI  Aduli E.O. MALAU‐ADULI  Hideaki TAKAHASHI 《Animal Science Journal》2010,81(5):530-550

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Heavy metal contamination of agricultural soil and countermeasures in Japan   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Tomohito Arao  Satoru Ishikawa  Masaharu Murakami  Kaoru Abe  Yuji Maejima  Tomoyuki Makino 《Paddy and Water Environment》2010,8(3):247-257

Many heavy metals exist in minute amounts in natural agricultural soil. However, when their amounts exceed a certain level due to pollutants brought from outside, soil contamination occurs and agricultural products become contaminated. There have been many cases in Japan of heavy metal contamination originating from old mines and smelters, and soil contamination of agricultural land has become a social issue. In particular, cadmium (Cd) is one of the most harmful heavy metals. If agricultural products absorb an excessive amount of Cd, they may adversely affect people’s health, and therefore allowable concentrations are regulated by law. If agricultural land has become contaminated with Cd, measures for minimizing the absorption of Cd by agricultural crops are necessary; these include: (1) soil dressing, (2) water management (paddy field), (3) chemical cleaning of soil, (4) phytoextraction, and (5) use of different varieties and rootstock. Other heavy metals such as arsenic, lead, copper, zinc, and mercury also sometimes cause contamination of agricultural soil.  相似文献   

Nutrition During the Early Rearing Period Affects the Incidence of Wooden Breasts in Broilers     

Tomohito Iwasaki  Takafumi Watanabe  Yasuhiro Hasegawa  Marina Hosotani  Takeshi Kawasaki 《The Journal of Poultry Science》2021,58(3):177

This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between early nutrition and the incidence of wooden breasts (WB) in broilers. Sixteen male and twenty female neonatal ROSS 308 broiler chicks were divided equally into four flocks. From 0–12 days of age, starter diet H, composed of 22.4% crude protein (CP), 6.6% crude fat (CF), 1.25% lysine, 0.48% methionine, and ≥3,070 kcal/kg metabolizable energy (ME), was fed to two flocks, and starter diet L, composed of 19.9% CP, 2.5% CF, 1.04% lysine, 0.38% methionine, and ≥2,930 kcal/kg ME, was fed to the remaining two flocks. All the flocks were fed the same commercial finisher diet, composed of 20.3% CP, 7.5% CF, 1.18% lysine, 0.44% methionine, and ≥3,300 kcal/kg ME, from 12–47 days of age. The birds were weighed every 2–5 days, subjected to a wing-lift test, and histology was conducted on the pectoralis major muscle tissue samples from all the birds necropsied at 47 days of age. Significant differences in the mean body weight between groups H and L were observed during 6–16 days and 24–26 days of age in males and during 6–26 days of age in females. Regarding the score evaluation of the individual lesions reflecting wooden breast, the birds in which back-to-back wing contact was not possible had higher lesion scores than those in which back-to-back wing contact was possible. The absence of back-to-back wing contact appeared more frequently in flocks fed the starter diet L, particularly in males. These results indicate that inappropriate nutrition levels in the starter diet increase the incidence of WB. Therefore, avoiding early nutrition deficits is a cost-effective feeding strategy.  相似文献   

Changes in peripheral leukocyte populations of weak calf syndrome of Japanese black calves     

Ohtsuka H  Fukunaga N  Hara H  Fukuda S  Hayashi T  Hoshi F  Yoshino TO  Koiwa M  Kawamura S 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2003,65(7):793-796

To clarify the cellular immune condition in Japanese Black (JB) calves with a weak syndrome, peripheral leukocyte populations were analyzed by flow cytometry. Twenty JB calves were divided into two groups based on clinical observations; one group of calves was weak, because they had experienced an onset of diarrhea within 3 days after birth and needed treatment (Group 1 ;n=10), and the other group of calves was healthy (Group 2; n=10). With regard to leukocyte populations, CD8(+) cells and gamma delta T cells in Group 1 were markedly lower than those in Group 2 during the experimental periods. It is possible that immune-insufficiency might be based on T lymphocyte function in weak syndrome JB calves during the growth process.  相似文献   

Influence of transport stress on serum cortisol and thyroid hormones in pigs with Halothane gene     

Gou YOSHIOKA  Noriaki IMAEDA  Yasuo TORIMOTO  Tsuyoshi OHTANI  Kunioki HAYASHI 《Animal Science Journal》2004,75(5):451-456

The influence of transport stress on rectal temperature, respiratory rate and serum concentrations of cortisol, thyroxine and triiodothyronine (T3) in normal pigs (NN) and in heterozygous (Nn) pigs with Halothane gene (n), a major gene that causes the pale, soft, exudative meat (PSE), were examined in a hot environment (32–34°C). Easily releasable myofilament content of Longissimus dorsi taken by needle biopsy was also measured as an index of myofibrillar disassembly. Rectal temperature and respiratory rate were significantly increased by the transport. However, the influence was higher (P < 0.01) in Nn pigs. Serum concentration of cortisol was increased (P < 0.01) by the transport despite the genotypes. Serum concentration of T3 was not changed by the transport in Nn pigs, whereas in NN pigs it was significantly decreased after the transport (P < 0.01). Easily releasable myofilament content after the transport was higher in Nn pigs than that of NN pigs (P < 0.05). These results suggest that response of thyroid function might relate to the stimulation of muscle proteolysis and PSE in Nn pigs under stressful conditions.  相似文献   

Expression of mRNA for sodium-glucose transporter 1 and fatty acid translocase in the ruminant gastrointestinal tract before and after weaning   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Hideaki HAYASHI  Tomo YONEZAWA  Takeshi KANETANI  Fuminori TERADA  Kazuo KATOH  Yoshiaki OBARA 《Animal Science Journal》2005,76(4):339-344

The mRNA expression of sodium‐glucose transporter 1 (SGLT1) and fatty acid translocase (CD36) in the gastrointestinal tract of Holstein cattle and Saanen goats before and after weaning was investigated. Before weaning, the expression of both SGLT1 and CD36 was highest in the jejunum, relative to the other parts of the gastrointestinal tract in both species. The expression of SGLT1 and CD36 in the duodenum was second highest in the goats. After weaning, SGLT1 and CD36 expression in the small intestine significantly decreased in both species. The expression of both types of transporters was also detected in the forestomach. From these results, it was concluded that the jejunum is probably the major absorption site for glucose and long‐chain fatty acids before weaning, and that the expression of both types of transporters decreases after weaning in cattle and goats.  相似文献   

Effect of dietary enzymes on the ileal digestibility and abdominal fat content in broilers   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Fuad SALEH  Akira OHTSUKA  Kunioki HAYASHI 《Animal Science Journal》2005,76(5):475-478

The effects of purified cellulase and a commercial feed enzyme (FE) containing cellulase, hemicellulase, pectinase and so on, on the performance, abdominal fat content, digestibility of ileal contents and metabolizable energy of broilers were examined. Male broiler chicks (Cobb strain) were divided into three groups: control, cellulase (1 U/g feed) and FE (0.6 mg/g feed) with seven replicates. Chicks were raised under a temperature condition of 25°C in wire bottom cages for 12 days from 15 days of age. Feed (corn–soybean meal diet: crude protein, 21%; metabolizable energy, 3000 kcal/kg) and water were offered ad libitum. Dietary cellulase had a negative effect on the bodyweight gain and feed conversion ratio. The FE had no effect on bodyweight gain, but tended to improve the feed conversion ratio. The ileal crude protein and ash digestibilities were improved by the FE, but not by the cellulase. Furthermore, cellulase decreased the abdominal fat content and the FE increased metabolizable energy. In conclusion, digestion is enhanced and an improvement in performance is brought about by FE and, interestingly, fat metabolism is affected by cellulase by an unknown mechanism.  相似文献