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21.
Guoxiong Chen Tamar Krugman Tzion Fahima Kegui Chen Yingang Hu Marion Röder Eviatar Nevo Abraham Korol 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2010,57(1):85-99
The objective of the present study was to map quantitative trait loci (QTL) controlling drought-resistance traits at seedling
stage of Israeli wild barley (Hordeum spontaneum). Mapping was conducted using an F4 mapping population derived from a cross between genotype WQ23-38 from xeric (Wadi Qilt, 144 mm annual rainfall) and MA10-30
from mesic (Maalot, 790 mm annual rainfall) environments. Obvious segregation was observed for traits including time to wilt,
leaf relative elongation rate, recovery rate, shoot regrowth, osmolarity, relative water content, leaf length, and root length
with the coefficient of variation ranging from 10 to 77%. Eighteen putative QTL effects were identified (at false discovery
rate = 10%) by single-trait analyses and confirmed by multi-trait analysis and multiple interval mapping using a new MultiQTL
package. The results of our study suggest that the xeric genotypes adopted survival strategies while the mesic genotypes adopted
growth-sustain strategies to cope with drought stress. 相似文献
22.
Feeding-avoidance response of the bulb mite Rhizoglyphus robini to various insecticidal and acaricidal pyrethroids and some of their cleavage products was examined using a two-choice cellulose disc bioassay. The mites were able to detect extremely low quantities of certain pyrethroids, down to 1–5ng of pesticide applied to a cellulose disc weighing 200 mg. The phagodeterrent potency of the pyrethroids was found to be in the following decreasing order: fenvalerate > cypermethrin > deltamethrin > bioresmetnrin > pyrethrin > bifenthrin > cis-permethrin > trans-permethrin. Fenpropathrin, bioallethrin, flucythrinate and tetramethrin were stimulatory up to a level of 50 ng disc?1. A 100-ng dose of fenpropathrin deterred the mites. Chemical and photochemical cleavage products of pyrethroids possessed phagodeterrent potencies comparable to those of the intact pesticides. 3-Phenoxybenzotc acid and cis-chrysanthemic acid were the most effective deterrents followed by dibromochrysanthemic acid and the cis and trans bifenthrin acid moiety. The probable relevance of the observed phagodeterrence by pyrethroid residues and their cleavage products, as related to induction of dispersal and eventual outbreaks of mites, is discussed. 相似文献
23.
Effects of different commercial diets on growth performance,health and resistance to Tetrahymena sp. infection in guppies,Poecilia reticulata (Peters) 
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下载免费PDF全文 Galit Sharon Sophie Fridman Nitzan Reiss‐Hevlin Tamar Sinai Pascal Boisot Dina Zilberg 《Aquaculture Research》2016,47(7):2276-2286
The effects of feeding guppy fry, Poecilia reticulata (Peters), different commercial diets from BernAqua [MeM (R = Regular, O = Ornamental and P = Premium) and experimental feed (EF] and Ocean Nutrition (ON) on growth was tested for 57 days. Health status and resistance to Tetrahymena infection were analysed at the end of the trial. The highest growth was obtained in fish fed MeM Regular and MeM Premium (mean final weights of 427 and 417 mg respectively). Fish fed EF had a significantly higher rate of spinal deformity (12.7%) than all other feeding groups (3.05% or less). Histological analysis revealed the accumulation of liver glycogen and/or lipid in fish from all feeding groups; fat accumulation in the abdomen was most pronounced in the EF and MeM Regular‐fed fish, and muscle dystrophy was observed in ca. 50% of the fish from all feeding groups except the MeM Ornamental‐fed group. The highest mortality following Tetrahymena infection occurred in fish fed EF (87%) and the lowest mortality in the MeM Ornamental‐fed fish (58%). Mortalities in all other feeding groups ranged between 69% and 76%. In summary, MeM Ornamental feed provided a moderate weight gain, no muscle dystrophy, negligible deformity and the greatest resistance to parasitic infection. 相似文献
24.
Summary Four cultures of Puccinia hordei isolated from the alternate Ornithogalum hosts in Israel were virulent on seedlings of barley cultivars carrying resistance genes Pa, Pa2, Pa2 + Pa5, Pa2 + Pa6, Pa3, Pa4, and Pa7. Cultures with such a spectrum of virulence have never been reported. The cultures remained stable through 20 successive inoculation and isolation cycles. One of the cultures, T-40SS, retained its specific virulence after selfing on the alternate host. The evolution of virulent races of obligate parasites in the centers of origin of their hosts is discussed. 相似文献
25.
Yossi Tal Ari Ayalon Agnesa Sharaev Zoya Kazir Vera Brekhman Tamar Lotan 《Marine drugs》2014,12(2):734-745
Transdermal delivery is an attractive option for drug delivery. Nevertheless, the skin is a tough barrier and only a limited number of drugs can be delivered through it. The most difficult to deliver are hydrophilic drugs. The stinging mechanism of the cnidarians is a sophisticated injection system consisting of microcapsular nematocysts, which utilize built-in high osmotic pressures to inject a submicron tubule that penetrates and delivers their contents to the prey. Here we show, for the first time, that the nematocysts of the starlet sea anemone Nematostella vectensis can be isolated and incorporated into a topical formulation for continuous drug delivery. We demonstrate quantitative delivery of nicotinamide and lidocaine hydrochloride as a function of microcapsular dose or drug exposure. We also show how the released submicron tubules can be exploited as a skin penetration enhancer prior to and independently of drug application. The microcapsules are non-irritant and may offer an attractive alternative for hydrophilic transdermal drug delivery. 相似文献