The Bio-Functional Properties of Pigmented Cereals may Involve Synergies among Different Bioactive Species     

Parizad  Parisa Abbasi  Capraro  Jessica  Scarafoni  Alessio  Bonomi  Francesco  Blandino  Massimo  Marengo  Mauro  Giordano  Debora  Carpen  Aristodemo  Iametti  Stefania 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2019,74(1):128-134

This study was aimed at characterizing the anthocyanins and phenolics profile in different varieties of pigmented corn and wheat and in some of their milling fractions. Acid/ethanol extracts were used to assess total anthocyanins, overall antioxidant activity, the overall polyphenol profile, and for evaluating the inhibition of pancreatic α-amylase and of intestinal α-glucosidase. Both enzymes were inhibited in a dose-dependent manner by all extracts, but individual extracts had specific effects on each enzyme. Anti-inflammatory response was evaluated by using acid-free extracts and Caco-2 cells transiently transfected with a luciferase reporter gene responding to cytokine stimulation. The immune response of interleukin-stimulated cells decreased significantly in a dose-dependent manner in the presence of 20–50 μM/l anthocyanins from all grains extracts, again with a different efficiency. The inhibitory ability and the anti-inflammatory capability of these extracts are in most cases higher than in similar extracts from other sources, suggesting that activities in each extract may imply specific synergies between anthocyanins and other phenolics.

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Use of contrast-enhanced ultrasound for characterization of focal splenic lesions.     

Federica Rossi  Vito Ferdinando Leone  Massimo Vignoli  Etser Laddaga  Rossella Terragni 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2008,49(2):154-164

Contrast-enhanced ultrasound was used to study focal and multifocal lesions of the spleen in 26 dogs and two cats affected by 11 benign and 18 malignant splenic diseases. A second-generation microbubble contrast medium (Sonovue) was injected into the cephalic vein and enhancement patterns were subjectively described and time intensity curves calculated. Final diagnosis was obtained by histopathologic examination after splenectomy (n=19) or by needle aspiration and sonographic follow-up after 4 and 8 weeks (n=9). Contrast-enhanced ultrasound parameters, improving the characterization between benign and malignant lesions, were established. The most useful criterion was the hypoechogenicity of the lesion in the wash-out phase combined with the presence of tortuous feeding vessels, which was observed in association with malignancy. All malignant lesions were hypoechoic to the surrounding spleen 30s after starting the contrast medium injection. Lymphosarcoma and hemangiosarcoma had characteristic perfusion patterns. Lymphosarcoma had rapid time to peak and early wash-out phase with a honeycomb pattern during the wash-out. Hemangiosarcomas were large nonperfused masses in all phases surrounded by hypervascular splenic parenchyma. Benign lesions except one hematoma and a benign histiocytoma had the same perfusion pattern as the surrounding spleen. Ultrasonographic and contrast-enhanced ultrasound findings of an accessory spleen are reported. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound can improve the characterization of focal or multifocal lesions of the spleen.  相似文献   

A true "triphasic" pattern: thoracolumbar spinal tumor in a young dog     

De Lorenzi D  Baroni M  Mandara MT 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2007,36(2):200-203

An 8-month-old male Bernese Mountain Dog was referred with a history of hindlimb weakness that progressed to paresis on the right side. An intradural mass was detected in the spinal canal at the level of the 2nd and 3rd lumbar vertebrae. During surgical removal, 2 small fragments of the mass were prepared for cytologic examination by the squash technique. Cytologic examination revealed 3 different cell types: mesenchymal (stromal) cells, epithelial cells, and small undifferentiated hyperchromatic cells. On the basis of location and the triphasic cytologic pattern, a diagnosis of spinal nephroblastoma (thoracolumbar spinal tumor of young dogs) was made; histologic examination of the mass confirmed the cytologic diagnosis. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a triphasic pattern in a cytologic sample; recognizing this pattern is an important aid in reaching a definitive cytologic diagnosis.  相似文献   

Devices to detect red palm weevil infestation on palm species     

Pugliese Massimo  Rettori Andrea Alberto  Martinis Roberto  Al-Rohily Khalid  Al-Maashi Ali 《Precision Agriculture》2018,19(6):1049-1061

The date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) and other palm species have recently been threatened by the red palm weevil (RPW) Rhynchophorus ferrugineus Olivier, which is very difficult to be detected at early stage. This research tested non invasive approaches to detecting RPW including: a TreeRadarUnit? (TRU); a densitometer, a penetrometer used for evaluation of the standing trees stability; a thermal camera and a digital camera. The technologies were applied in Italy on 715 palms (173 P. dactylifera, 453 Phoenix canariensis Chabaud and 311 of other palm species), and on 86 adult date palms in Saudi Arabia. In Italy, the thermal camera showed a high accuracy (96.29%) compared to close visual observation over the following nine months. The digital camera did almost as well (92.57%). Tree Radar Unit and densitometer also showed good accuracy (83.33 and 88.89% respectively). In the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, the thermal camera showed a good accuracy (77.73%) when compared to invasive diagnosis (i.e. cutting down and opening up palm trunks). The digital camera showed a lower accuracy of 66.67% due to the fact that the red weevil mainly attacks the base of the stem and therefore there are no visible symptoms on the crown shape that would be picked up in image analysis. TRU gave good results (74.73% compared to invasive diagnosis), with the best accuracy at ground level (80.65%). The densitometer results were similar to the TRU case, with higher accuracy (82.26% compared to invasive diagnosis) and the highest at ground level (87.10%).  相似文献   

New Drugs from Marine Organisms in Alzheimer’s Disease     

Patrizia Russo  Aliaksei Kisialiou  Palma Lamonaca  Rossana Moroni  Giulia Prinzi  Massimo Fini 《Marine drugs》2016,14(1)

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a multifactorial neurodegenerative disorder. Current approved drugs may only ameliorate symptoms in a restricted number of patients and for a restricted period of time. Currently, there is a translational research challenge into identifying the new effective drugs and their respective new therapeutic targets in AD and other neurodegenerative disorders. In this review, selected examples of marine-derived compounds in neurodegeneration, specifically in AD field are reported. The emphasis has been done on compounds and their possible relevant biological activities. The proposed drug development paradigm and current hypotheses should be accurately investigated in the future of AD therapy directions although taking into account successful examples of such approach represented by Cytarabine, Trabectedin, Eribulin and Ziconotide. We review a complexity of the translational research for such a development of new therapies for AD. Bryostatin is a prominent candidate for the therapy of AD and other types of dementia in humans.  相似文献   

Weak effects of habitat type on susceptibility to invasive freshwater species: an Italian case study          下载免费PDF全文

Angela Boggero  Alberto Basset  Martina Austoni  Enrico Barbone  Luca Bartolozzi  Isabella Bertani  Alessandro Campanaro  Antonella Cattaneo  Fabio Cianferoni  Giuseppe Corriero  Ambrosius Martin Dörr  A. Concetta Elia  Gentile Francesco Ficetola  Lyudmila Kamburska  Gianandrea La Porta  Sara Lauceri  Alessandro Ludovisi  Elda Gaino  Enzo Goretti  Massimo Lorenzoni  Marina Manca  Aldo Marchetto  Giuseppe Morabito  Francesco Nonnis Marzano  Alessandro Oggioni  Cataldo Pierri  Nicoletta Riccardi  Giampaolo Rossetti  Nicola Ungaro  Pietro Volta  Silvia Zaupa  Diego Fontaneto 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2014,24(6):841-852

ROS and 9-oxylipins are correlated with deoxynivalenol accumulation in the germinating caryopses of Triticum aestivum after Fusarium graminearum infection     

Chiara Nobili  Simone D’Angeli  Maria Maddalena Altamura  Valeria Scala  Anna Adele Fabbri  Massimo Reverberi  Corrado Fanelli 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2014,139(2):423-438

Wheat germinating caryopses may represent a starting point for the Fusarium Head Blight disease; however, only few studies concern the defence repertoire of wheat caryopses against fungal challenge. The germinating caryopses of two wheat commercial varieties (Blasco and Sagittario), differentially susceptible to FHB in the field, were inoculated with F. graminearum and the redox status in the interaction milieu, oxylipin production, the expression profile of some host-defence related genes, and programmed cell death in the aleuronic layer, were analysed. In Sagittario, the redox balance was profoundly modified and 9-oxylipins accumulated during fungal contamination. In this variety, F. graminearum produced a high quantity of deoxynivalenol whilst programmed cell death, also through metacaspases activation, was enhanced in the aleuronic layer of its caryopses. In Blasco, the expression of tolerance factors such as Pathogenesis-Related-protein1, glucosyl-transferase and glutathione transferase genes was up-regulated consequent to infection. Results show that unscavenged ROS and 9-oxylipins may be related to deoxynivalenol accumulation in the germinating caryopses of wheat after F. graminearum infection.  相似文献   

Allozyme variation in the springtails Allacma fusca and A. gallica (Collembola, Sminthuridae)     

Pietro P. Fanciulli  Antonio Carapelli  Massimo Belloni  Romano Dallai  Francesco Frati 《Pedobiologia》2009,52(5):309-324

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利用链烷烃测定放牧羊驼采食量及种类的研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

娄玉杰  李子文 《动物营养学报》2004,16(3):40-43

放牧动物的采食量及摄入牧草的种类,对于评定放牧动物的营养状况有着十分重要的意义。本文采用测定牧草和粪便中链烷烃含量的方法,以羊驼为试验动物,在意大利中部佩鲁贾附近的农场,测定了羊驼的采食量、牧草摄入种类。结果表明:利用链烷烃技术测定放牧动物的采食量和牧草的种类,具有较好的应用价值。  相似文献   

Two cases of feline ectromelia: autopodium ectromelia associated with humero-ulnar synostosis and zeugopodium ectromelia     

Francesco Macrì  Massimo De Majo  Giuseppe Rapisarda  Giuseppe Mazzullo 《Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery》2009,11(8):731-734

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