南阳市环境污染对植物生理特征的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

庞发虎  杨建伟  王正德  吉柔风 《河南农业科学》2012,41(10):79-82

选择南阳市区5个不同污染区的常见绿化树种作为研究对象,研究不同污染区的环境污染对植物生理特征产生的影响。分别测定不同树种成熟叶片的电导率变化、游离脯氨酸含量和叶绿素a/b值生理生化指标,并比较同一功能区不同树种的抗污染能力。结果表明:同一树种在不同功能区的生理生化指标不同,且存在显著差异;同一功能区不同绿化树种的生理生化指标也存在显著差异。各绿化树种的抗污染能力大小为:珊瑚树>大叶黄杨>海桐>雪松。  相似文献   

长江野生中华绒螯蟹育苗性能的初步研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

万全  苏时萍  马浩强  古界明  陆卫兵 《安徽农业大学学报》2013,40(3):406-410

2011年11月,从安徽省无为县选择野生长江中华绒螯蟹亲本1 388只,到江苏省如东县进行天然海水生态育苗,其中雄蟹350只,总重80.05 kg;雌蟹1 038只,总重194.05 kg。在面积为2.5亩的池塘中,进行对比育苗试验,繁育盐度保持在19‰~26‰,pH变化范围在8.28~8.90,比较野生长江中华绒螯蟹与普通蟹之间繁育性状的差异。结果表明,野生亲本的体重和卵重均高于普通亲本,差异极显著;野生亲本与普通亲本的成熟系数和相对繁殖力差异不显著;野生蟹产卵率(52.85%)高于普通蟹产卵率(30.91%);野生蟹亲本组幼体发育较普通幼体发育为快,幼体个体较大,共产大眼幼体苗6.5 kg,大眼幼体规格137 848个.kg-1,平均125.3只.g-1;普通亲本组大眼幼体共产23 kg,规格为156 468个.kg-1,平均156.5只.g-1。  相似文献   

Construction and evaluation of introgression lines and fine mapping of ehd8 from Jinghong common wild rice (Oryza rufipogon)     

Dayun Sun  Wenxiang Wang  Xiaoyun Xin  Liming Cao  Xuejun Sun  Zejun Hu  Ling Jiang  Shiqing Dong  Yahui Liu  Jinshui Yang  Xiaojin Luo 《Plant Breeding》2019,138(2):163-173

Heading date is one of the most important traits in rice and regulated by multiple genes. Common wild rice is the ancestor of Asian cultivated rice and harbours abundant genetic diversity. To use wild rice resource in rice breeding, a set of 154 introgression lines (ILs) covering 93% of the genome of Jinghong common wild rice was constructed in the background 'Teqing', using 208 simple sequence repeat markers evenly distributed on 12 chromosomes. Among the ILs, the line JIL64 displayed late heading independent of photoperiod. Genetic analysis using the two F₂ populations crossed ''Teqing'/JIL64 and JIL64/'Teqing' revealed that late flowering was controlled by a recessive gene on chromosome 8 (designated early heading date 8, ehd8), and ehd8 was fine mapped to the 50‐kb region flanked by markers RM22221 and 64Indel4. Sequencing and qRT‐PCR demonstrated that LOC_Os08g01410 and LOC_Os08g01420 were deleted in JIL64 and may be associated with the late heading of Jinghong common wild rice. These findings lay a practical foundation for characterizing ehd8, and the ILs help to mine genes from Jinghong common wild rice.  相似文献   

小麦芒长抑制基因B2的精细定位与候选基因分析     

金迪  王冬至  王焕雪  李润枝  陈树林  阳文龙  张爱民  刘冬成  詹克慧 《作物学报》2019,45(6):807-817

芒是小麦重要的穗部器官和形态特征,是小麦长期进化和适应环境的结果,对产量和抗旱性等具有重要影响。目前,对麦芒的遗传与发育还缺乏系统的研究,相关基因克隆或精细定位的研究尚未见报道。本试验利用短芒材料‘六柱头’与长芒材料‘石矮1号’构建的F2群体(SL-F2)对芒的遗传与发育进行了研究。细胞学观察表明,短芒主要是由细胞长度变短引起;遗传分析表明,‘六柱头’的短芒由显性单基因控制;借助Wheat660K SNP芯片的BSA分析和SL-F2群体的精细定位,确定‘六柱头’的芒长抑制基因是前人报道的B2位点,并将其定位到6B染色体4.84Mb的物理区间(471.28～476.12 Mb)内,该区段在中国春与矮抗58间具有良好的共线性。在B2定位区间共有61个基因,其中5个在中国春穗部特异表达,TraesCS6B02G264400在中国春和Azhurnaya幼穗表达差异显著。这些研究结果为B2基因的克隆、小麦芒形成机理的解析及育种中的应用奠定了基础。  相似文献   

鲤鱼基因组同源框Hoxa3a序列同源性分析与分子进化研究     

耿波  关云涛  孙效文  匡友谊 《水产学杂志》2011,24(4):50-53

本文利用生物信息学软件分析了鲤（Cyprinus carpio）基因组中同源框基因Hoxa3a与多种鱼类及其它生物的同源性,构建了分子进化树。结果表明：鲤与斑马鱼（Danio rerio）的序列同源性最高为95%,与大西洋鲑（Salmo salar）等四种鱼类的同源性次之为84%,与米氏叶吻银鲛（Callorhinch...  相似文献   

Effects of antimicrobial peptides on growth,morphology of foregut villi and related genes mRNA expression in the common carp (Cyprinus carpio)     

Xiao‐Qing Dong  Gui‐Juan Qu  Yu‐Ke Chen  Gui‐Qin Wang  Dan Jiang 《Aquaculture Research》2019,50(7):1752-1761

A 60‐day feeding trial was conducted to examine the effects of different levels (0, 100, 200, 400 and 600 mg/kg) of antimicrobial peptides on growth, protease activity of foregut, the morphology of foregut villi and related genes mRNA expression level in the common carp (Cyprinus carpio). The results showed that the feed of antimicrobial peptides promote common carp growth, and the optimal dosage of antimicrobial peptides is 200–333 mg/kg in the common carp feed. The protease activity of 200 and 400 mg/kg groups were significantly higher than the control and other groups (p < 0.05). The foregut villus height with 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg antimicrobial peptide groups were significantly higher than control group (p < 0.05). The crypt depth of 200 and 400 mg/kg antimicrobial peptide groups were significantly lower than control group (p < 0.05). The ratio of villus height and crypt depth of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg antimicrobial peptide groups were significantly higher than control group (p < 0.05). The ratio with 600 mg/kg group was significantly lower than the control group (p < 0.05). The IGF‐I gene expression level of 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg groups were significantly higher than the control group and 600 mg/kg group (p < 0.05). The IL‐1β gene expression level of 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg groups were significantly higher than the control group (p < 0.05). These results indicated up‐regulation of growth and immune related genes in antimicrobial peptides fed common carp. Correlation analysis showed that IGF‐I mRNA and IL‐1β mRNA were positively correlated with SGR. IL‐1β mRNA and FCR were significantly negative correlated. It indicated that growth and immune gene common regulated the growth of the carp under antimicrobial peptides intervention. In conclusion, antimicrobial peptides can improve growth and related genes mRNA expression in the common carp. Further studies using molecular biological technique or immunologic methods are required to conclude that antimicrobial peptides are beneficial in common carp.  相似文献   

三种鲤对暴发性鱼病抗病力的差异   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

蔡完其  孙佩芳 《水产学报》1994,18(4):290-296

本文报道三种鲤对嗜水气单胞菌引起暴发性鱼病的抗病力试验结果。当菌液浓度为６．０×１０￣８ＣＦＵ／ｍｌ，采用１０￣０、１０￣（－１）、１０￣（－２）、１０￣（－３）四个稀释度、０．３ｍｌ／尾注射剂量时，建鲤、野鲤和镜鲤的半数致死量（ＬＤ＿（５０））分别为１０￣（－１．３７５）、１０￣（－０．９７６）、１０￣（－０．５６２）。这三种鲤的半数致死量差异显著（Ｆ＞Ｆ＿（０．０５））。从四个方面研究了抗病机理：白细胞吞噬功能和补体替代途径（Ｃ＿３旁路）杀菌能力，镜鲤较强于野鲤和建鲤，但无显著差异（Ｆ＜Ｆ０．０５）；红细胞Ｃ＿（３ｂ）受体花环率和补体总量（单位／ｍｌ），是建鲤＞野鲤＞镜鲤，差异极显著（Ｆ＞Ｆ０．０１）。本研究结果还表明建鲤的红细胞Ｃ＿（３ｂ）受体花环率和补体总量稍高，但对暴发性鱼病病原（嗜水气单胞菌）较易感染。以上结果证明，不同品系鲤鱼对暴发性鱼病有种内特异性。  相似文献   

鲤鱼血淋巴细胞培养及染色体制备条件探索   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

耿波  梁利群  孙效文 《水产学杂志》2003,16(2):32-34

从鲤鱼侧线鳞处静脉采血于含有肝素的一次性注射器中，采用RPMI1640全培养基进行体外淋巴细胞培养。通过对采血后细胞培养时间、秋水仙素浓度及加入时间、低渗时间及温度等条件的摸索，建立了较成熟的培养鱼类血淋巴细胞的实验方法。  相似文献   

Prey selection of common minke (Balaenoptera acutorostrata) and Bryde's (Balaenoptera edeni) whales in the western North Pacific in 2000 and 2001     

HIROTO MURASE  TSUTOMU TAMURA  HIROSHI KIWADA  YOSHIHIRO FUJISE  HIKARU WATANABE  HIROSHI OHIZUMI  SHIROH YONEZAKI  HIROSHI OKAMURA  SHIGEYUKI KAWAHARA 《Fisheries Oceanography》2007,16(2):186-201

A study of common minke and Bryde's whales was conducted in the western North Pacific in the 2000 and 2001 summer seasons to estimate prey selection of cetaceans as this is an important parameter in ecosystem models. Whale sighting and sampling surveys and prey surveys using quantitative echosounder and mid‐water trawl were carried out concurrently in the study. Biomasses of Japanese anchovy, walleye pollock and krill, which were major prey species of common minke and Bryde's whales, were estimated using an echosounder. The results suggested that common minke whale showed prey selection for Japanese anchovy while they seemed to avoid krill in both the offshore and coastal regions and walleye pollock in the continental shelf region. Selection for shoaling pelagic fish was similar to that in the eastern North Atlantic. Bryde's whale showed selection for Japanese anchovy in August 2000 and July 2001, while it showed prey selection for krill in May and June in 2001.  相似文献   

基于SDAE-BP的联合收割机作业故障监测   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

习晨博  杨光友  刘浪  刘景  陈学海  马志艳 《农业工程学报》2020,36(17):46-53

为了解决联合收割机作业故障的非线性特征信号难以提取的问题,该研究提出了一种基于堆叠去噪自动编码器(Stack Denoising Auto Encoder, SDAE)和BP神经网络(Back Propagation,BP)融合的联合收割机作业故障监测及诊断的方法(SDAE-BP)。以转速传感器采集联合收割机脱粒滚筒转速、籽粒搅龙转速、喂入搅龙转速、杂余搅龙转速、风机转速、输送链耙转速、割刀频率以及逐稿器振动频率,并将采集的数据集作为系统的输入。利用SDAE提取输入信号的深层次特征,并由BP神经网络辨识收割机作业状态,实现联合收割机故障监测。在SDAE-BP模型训练过程中,去噪自动编码器(Denoising Auto Encode, DAE)依次经带有不同分布中心噪声的原始数据进行训练,然后将其堆叠,并通过误差反向传播算法对模型参数进行优化,以提升模型识别故障性能和泛化能力。试验结果表明,对于2018年联合收割机田间试验数据,模型的故障诊断准确率达到99.00%,与SDAE和BP神经网络相比,分别提高了1.5和4.5个百分点。将SDAE-BP故障诊断模型用2019年的试验数据进行更新,并用2018年和2019年试验数据进行测试,结果表明,更新后的模型对2018年试验数据的故障识别准确率为99.25%,对2019年试验数据的故障识别准确率为98.74%,更新后模型在2019试验数据集上的故障识别准确率较未更新模型提高了6.52个百分点。该文所建模型能够准确识别联合收割机的故障类型,且具有较好的鲁棒性,对旋转型机械故障监测及预警具有参考价值。  相似文献