排序方式： 共有139条查询结果，搜索用时 15 毫秒
101.
土壤盐渍化正在成为农业生产的重要非生物胁迫因子，开展甘蓝型油菜耐盐机制研究和QTL分子辅助
育种极为迫切。本文在简述盐胁迫对植物生长的危害及植物缓解盐胁迫机制的基础上，概述了盐胁迫对甘蓝型油
菜不同生长时期的影响以及萌发期和苗期耐盐相关性状QTL研究进展，并对我国耐盐油菜品种选育进行了展望，
期待为进一步开展甘蓝型油菜耐盐机制的研究、选育耐盐新品种提供参考。 相似文献
102.
JIAN Hong-Ju HUO Qiang GAO Yu-Min LI Yang-Yang XIE Ling WEI Li-Juan LIU Lie-Zhao LU Kun LI Jia-Na 《作物学报》2020,46(10):1557-1565
提高油菜产量是保障国家粮油安全的重要举措。作物"源""流""库"理论表明,充足的光合产物(源)是高产的前提,而叶绿素是直接参与光合作用的物质,因此,选育高叶绿素含量的甘蓝型油菜是提高产量的重要途径。本课题组前期对全球收集的588份优异油菜种质资源进行5X重测序,获得385,692个高质量SNP标记。利用SPAD-502叶绿素仪于2018—2019连续2年测定苗期完全伸展的叶片叶绿素总量,结合获得的SNP标记进行全基因组关联分析(genome-wide association study, GWAS),筛选与叶绿素含量显著关联的SNP位点。结果表明, 2018年鉴定到5个显著关联的SNP位点,贡献率为5.51%～7.89%,其中S6_3493805位点贡献率最大;2019年检测到46个SNP位点,贡献率为7.29%～10.34%,其中S13_11413088位点贡献率最大。将显著关联SNP位点上下游各500 kb区间内的基因与参考基因组比对,初步筛选出2022个油菜基因。将其基因序列在拟南芥基因组内进行BLAST比对,结合前人已报道的拟南芥同源基因功能,筛选到23个候选基因,其中5个属于叶绿素合成途径同源基因。本研究结果为后续油菜叶片叶绿素含量的遗传改良奠定了基础。 相似文献
103.
玉米穗轴粗全基因组关联分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
玉米穗轴粗是一个影响玉米产量和穗轴产量的重要性状,其遗传机制的解析可以对高产育种提供指导。本研究以309份玉米自交系为材料,利用测序基因型分型技术对其进行基因型鉴定。采用FarmCPU(fixed and random model circulating probability unification)、MLMM(multiple loci mixed linear model)和CMLM(compressed mixed linear model)方法,对2017年和2019年河南原阳、河南郸城、河南虞城、海南三亚以及最佳线性无偏估计值环境的穗轴粗,进行全基因组关联分析,共鉴定12个与穗轴粗显著关联的SNP(single nucleotide polymorphisms)(P<8.60E-07)。其中,S4_29277313利用FarmCPU和MLMM方法在2017年原阳均检测到。S1_29006330、S2_170889116、S2_2046026464和S4_83821463的表型变异解释率介于10.23%~14.17%,为主效SNP。而且,S1_29006330位于已定位的穗轴粗QTL(quantitative trait loci)区间内。共挖掘17个候选基因,其中WAKL14(wall-associated receptor kinase-like 14)、转录因子ZIM35(zinc-finger protein expressed in inflorescence meristem 35)、HMGA(HMG-Y-related protein A)、组蛋白-赖氨酸N甲基转移酶ATX4(Arabidopsis trithorax 4)和XTH32(xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase protein 32),可能是影响穗轴粗的重要基因。挖掘的4个穗轴粗主效SNP和5个候选基因可以为分子标记辅助育种、精细定位和基因克隆提供信息。 相似文献
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旨在挖掘快大型黄羽肉鸡胸肌肉品质性状的重要候选区间和基因。本研究以1 923只快大型黄羽肉鸡为素材，于56日龄屠宰并测定屠宰和胸肌肉品质性状；利用“京芯一号”55K SNP芯片进行基因分型，利用传统最佳线性无偏预测（BLUP）、基因组最佳线性无偏预测（GBLUP）和全基因组关联分析（GWAS）等方法进行遗传参数估计和QTL区间/关键基因的检测。结果显示，胸肌pH、肉色L24 h*。同时发现，位于5号染色体上的2个单倍型对胸肌pH、肉色性状均有极显著影响。以上结果为黄羽肉鸡肉品质遗传选择方案优化和分子育种技术研发奠定了重要基础。 相似文献
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106.
利用2b-RAD技术对119尾黄条[鱼师](Seriola lalandi)个体进行测序,共获得黄条[鱼师]SNP分子标记26665个,对黄条[鱼师]个体的体质量和全长这2个重要生长性状进行全基因组关联分析,筛选与体质量和全长性状相关的SNP位点和候选基因。结果显示,黄条[鱼师]体质量性状中共筛选到17个体质量显著关联的SNP位点,找到17个可能的候选基因,全长性状共筛选到12个潜在显著关联位点,找到12个可能的候选基因。利用KEGG数据库对可能的候选基因进行Pathway分析,得知候选基因主要参与了细胞或组织生长发育相关的代谢通路调控过程,可能是影响黄条[鱼师]生长性状密切相关的重要候选SNP位点和功能基因,结果可为今后黄条[鱼师]种质资源可持续利用和育种提供遗传信息资料积累。 相似文献
107.
LIU Xin ;WANG Li-gang ;LIANG Jing ;YAN Hua ;ZHAO Ke-bin ;LI Na ;ZHANG Long-chao ;WANG Li-xian 《中国农业科学(英文版)》2014,(12):2721-2730
Porcine carcass traits and organ weights have important economic roles in the swine industry. A total of 576 animals from a Large White×Minzhu intercross population were genotyped using the Illumina PorcineSNP60K Beadchip and were phenotyped for 10 traits, speciifcally, backfat thickness （6-7 libs）, carcass length, carcass weight, foot weight, head weight, heart weight, leaf fat weight, liver weight, lung weight and slaughter body weight. The genome-wide association study （GWAS） was assessed by Genome Wide Rapid Association using the mixed model and regression-genomic control approach. A total of 31 single nucleotide polymorphisms （SNPs） （with the most signiifcant SNP being MARC0033464, P value=6.80×10-13） were located in a 9.76-Mb （31.24-41.00 Mb） region on SSC7 and were found to be signiifcantly associated with one or more carcass traits and organ weights. High percentage of phenotypic variance explanation was observed for each trait ranging from 31.21 to 67.42%. Linkage analysis revealed one haplotype block of 495 kb, in which the most signiifcant SNP being MARC0033464 was contained, on SSC7 at complete linkage disequilibrium. Annotation of the pig reference genome suggested 6 genes （GRM4, HMGA1, NUDT3, RPS10, SPDEF and PACSIN1） in this candidate linkage disequilibrium （LD） interval. Functional analysis indicated that the HMGA1 gene presents the prime biological candidate for carcass traits and organ weights in pig, with potential application in breeding programs. 相似文献
108.
A genome‐wide association study for fat‐related traits computed by image analysis in Japanese Black cattle 
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下载免费PDF全文 Ayaka Nakajima Fuki Kawaguchi Yoshinobu Uemoto Moriyuki Fukushima Emi Yoshida Eiji Iwamoto Takayuki Akiyama Namiko Kohama Eiji Kobayashi Takeshi Honda Kenji Oyama Hideyuki Mannen Shinji Sasazaki 《Animal Science Journal》2018,89(5):743-751
The objective of this study was to identify genomic regions associated with fat‐related traits using a Japanese Black cattle population in Hyogo. From 1836 animals, those with high or low values were selected on the basis of corrected phenotype and then pooled into high and low groups (n = 100 each), respectively. DNA pool‐based genome‐wide association study (GWAS) was performed using Illumina BovineSNP50 BeadChip v2 with three replicate assays for each pooled sample. GWAS detected that two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on BTA7 (ARS‐BFGL‐NGS‐35463 and Hapmap23838‐BTA‐163815) and one SNP on BTA12 (ARS‐BFGL‐NGS‐2915) significantly affected fat percentage (FAR). The significance of ARS‐BFGL‐NGS‐35463 on BTA7 was confirmed by individual genotyping in all pooled samples. Moreover, association analysis between SNP and FAR in 803 Japanese Black cattle revealed a significant effect of SNP on FAR. Thus, further investigation of these regions is required to identify FAR‐associated genes and mutations, which can lead to the development of DNA markers for marker‐assisted selection for the genetic improvement of beef quality. 相似文献
109.
全基因组关联分析（genome-wide association study,GWAS）是一种研究经济性状候选基因的分析方法。近年来,随着家畜全基因组测序的完成,大量的单核苷酸多态性（single nucleotide polymorphisms,SNPs）被标识,GWAS也越来越多地应用于家畜重要性状的研究领域中,在动物遗传育种中,通过对家畜基因组进行GWAS分析研究,找到控制家畜主要经济性状的重要SNPs,从而挖掘重要经济性状的候选基因。作者详细综述了GWAS的分析方法及其在重要家畜育种中的研究进展。GWAS分析方法包括基因组控制法（genommic control）、分层分析法（stratification analysis）、主成分分析法（principal components analysis,PAC）和混合线性模型分析法（mixed-linear-model association,MLMA）,通路分析方法包括非核算法（基因功能富集分析（gene set enrichment analysis,GSEA）和分层贝叶斯优取（hierarchical Bayes prioritization,HBP））和核算法。依据不同的目标性状选择合理的分析方法,提高GWAS分析结果的准确性,为进一步利用GWAS分析各种性状的遗传基础提供合理的借鉴。 相似文献
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The aim of this study was to investigate long-term genetic trends and the genetic architecture of grain yield, seed characteristics and correlated agronomic traits in triticale. Therefore, a panel of 846 diverse triticale genotypes was assessed for three agronomic and three seed shape- and size-related traits. We observed a high genotypic variation and a high heritability for all traits. Analysing the development of these traits during the last decades revealed a continuous increase for grain yield and thousand-kernel weight, and a slight increase in seed width. The seed characteristics and thousand-kernel weight formed a complex of highly positive correlated traits. Genome-wide association mapping revealed many small-effect QTL and a few moderate-effect QTL. The allele frequencies of the moderate-effect QTL followed the same temporal trends as observed for the phenotype. In line with the phenotypic correlations, we identified several pleiotropic QTL for grain yield, thousand-kernel weight, seed width and seed area. Our results illustrate the continuous progress achieved in triticale breeding and suggest that triticale seeds have been selected to be more spherical in modern cultivars. 相似文献