Insect pests and their management in yam production and storage: a world review     

R.R. Korada  S. K. Naskar  S. Edison 《国际虫害防治杂志》2013,59(4):337-349

Yam (Dioscorea spp.) is a tropical tuber crop produced for food and medicinal purposes. Yams are infested by a broad taxonomic diversity of insect pests. We reviewed a total of 73 insect species associated with Dioscorea species in different parts of the world. Yam is infested by 48 species when the crop is in the field, and after harvest (i.e. in storage) the tubers are attacked by 27 species. The majority of these insects belong to the order Coleoptera (35 species) followed by the orders Hemiptera (15), Lepidoptera (13), Isoptera (5), Hymenoptera (2), Diptera (1), and Thysanoptera (1). Yam scales, mealybugs, and a few beetles cause significant losses to tubers both in the field and in storage. We review various methods of management for these insect pests. An integrated approach towards managing these pests, both in the field and in storage, is essential. Post-harvest losses in storage of yam can be reduced, partly, by using biocontrol agents for mealybugs and scales. Alternative strategies for the management of insect pests of tubers in storage are discussed.  相似文献   

检测猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒和猪圆环病毒的二重荧光LAMP方法的建立     

谢志勤  张民秀  谢芝勋  范晴  罗思思  谢丽基  黄娇玲  王盛  曾婷婷  张艳芳  李孟  李丹  邓显文  刘加波 《中国兽药杂志》2020,54(9):1-9

建立一种二重荧光LAMP的检测猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)和猪圆环病毒(PCV)的快速诊断技术。根据已发表的PRRSV NSP2基因和PCV2 ORF2基因序列保守区域,分别设计并合成了两组针对PRRSV和PCV2序列的特异性引物和两条探针,两条探针分别标记不同的荧光基团,PRRSV-Probe 5’端标记FAM荧光基团,3’端标记BHQ1淬灭基团,PCV-Probe 5’端标记CY5.5荧光基团,3’端标记BHQ2淬灭基团。对组成反应体系中的引物、探针以及反应试剂进行优化,建立了二重荧光LAMP检测PRRSV和PCV2方法。对建立的方法进行特异性和敏感性测试,并用模拟混合样品和临床样品进行检测验证。结果显示,本研究建立的方法可以鉴别区分PRRSV和PCV2,特异性试验表明该方法只检测出PRRSV或PCV2,且与参试的对照病毒无交叉反应,特异性好。敏感性测试表明该方法最低检测PRRSV或PCV为100拷贝,敏感性好。对临床样品的检测,结果与荧光定量PCR方法检测结果一致。本研究建立的PRRSV和PCV2二重荧光LAMP检测方法,具有良好的特异性和敏感性,可用于临床样品中检测PRRSV和PCV2。  相似文献   

Effects of Protein Level and Feeding Frequency on Growth and on Body Composition of Third-Year Channel Catfish Cultured in Ponds     

《Journal Of Applied Aquaculture》2013,25(2):27-38

Channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus, adults were stocked at 3,705 fish/ha in twelve 0.04-ha earthen ponds and fed to satiation either once or twice daily with diets containing either 32 or 38% protein for 170 days. Experimental diets with the appropriate levels of essential amino acids, vitamins, and minerals were formulated by a commercial feed mill. There were no significant differences (P > 0.05) in growth and body composition of channel catfish when analyzed by protein level, feeding frequency, or their interaction. Average individual fish weight at harvest was 1,600 g. Average net production was 3,125 kg/ha. Dry-weight percentages of protein, fat, and ash in the carcass were 55.5, 38.1, and 6.7%, respectively, and in the waste (head, skin, and viscera) were 40.5, 43.2. and 12.5%. respectively. Third-year channel catfish may be able to utilize a diet with lower (<32%) protein levels and a reduced energy: protein ratio.  相似文献   

上海崇明水仙病毒病病原种类鉴定   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

梁艳  宋荣浩  杨翠云  陆金萍  蒋军喜  戴富明 《植物病理学报》2008,38(5):456-461

 2005~2007年对上海崇明水仙病毒病的种类进行了调查和鉴定。崇明水仙病毒病田间主要表现为花叶、斑驳、黄条和白条等多种症状,以花叶和斑驳为主。采用ELISA和RT-PCR方法,从36个水仙样本上检测到水仙普通潜隐病毒(NCLV)(GenBank登录号:EU200454)、水仙退化病毒(NDV)(GenBank登录号:EU200456);此外,有两类分离物被初步鉴定为新病毒,暂命名为水仙斑驳相关病毒(NMaV)(GenBank登录号:EU182651)和水仙白条相关病毒(NWSaV)(GenBank登录号:EU182652)。4类病毒的总检出率分别为11.1%、13.9%、100%和2.8%,其中NMaV为危害水仙的优势病毒。约20%的样本检测出有2种以上病毒的复合侵染,但是未检测出Potexvirus属的病毒。  相似文献   

应用DPO引物检测马铃薯病毒的多重RT-PCR技术研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

刘梅  黄新  马占鸿  陈洪俊  李明福 《植物病理学报》2009,39(4):431-434

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鉴别猪瘟野毒与疫苗毒的单一与二重RT-PCR检测方法的建立及应用     

马萍  李达  汤德元  张元鑫  张华  曾智勇  刘霞  韦冠东 《中国畜牧兽医》2016,43(9):2230-2239

为建立一种对猪瘟病毒（classical swine fever virus,CSFV）临床样本快速、简便的检测技术,以区分猪瘟（classical swine fever,CSF）野毒和疫苗毒感染,为规模化猪场CSF净化奠定基础。通过对GenBank中CSF野毒、疫苗毒及近源病毒的基因组全序列比对,发现CSF兔化弱毒疫苗株3’-NTR独立存在富含T的插入序列,根据这一特点分别在该插入序列的上、下两端设计2对单一RT-PCR引物并选择特异保守区域设计了二重RT-PCR引物,优化筛选能够鉴别CSF野毒与兔化弱毒疫苗的PCR反应条件,建立了能鉴别CSF野毒和疫苗毒的单一与二重RT-PCR鉴别诊断方法。敏感性和特异性分析表明,单一RT-PCR检测CSFV各引物最低核酸检测量分别为2.2 pg（单一RT-PCR中的1对引物）和1.7 pg（单一RT-PCR中的另外1对引物）;二重RT-PCR检测CSFV各引物最低核酸检测量分别为8.2 pg（CSF野毒）和6.7 pg（CSF疫苗毒）,两种方法均检测不到PRV、PRRSV、JEV、BVDV、PCV2的DNA/RNA。采用该方法对146份可疑临床样品进行检测,结果表明CSF疫苗毒与野毒在能繁母猪、育肥猪、保育猪和哺乳仔猪中的二重感染率分别为6.3%、7.4%、8.3%、8.6%。本研究建立的单一与二重RT-PCR方法都具有敏感性强、特异性优、重复性好的特点,该研究对规模化猪场猪瘟的净化具有十分重要的参考价值。  相似文献   

Development and Application of Duplex Real-time RT-PCR Assay for Detection of H1 and H3 Subtype Swine Influenza Viruses     

WANG Bo  WANG Hui-yu  ZHAO Bao-hua  LUO Jing  WANG Cheng-min  HE Hong-xuan  HAN Xue-qing 《中国畜牧兽医》2017,44(10):3035-3041

To establish a rapid, accurate method to diagnose and detect H1 and H3 subtype swine influenza viruses (SIV) at the same time, the specific primers and TaqMan probes were designed according to the conserved region of the HA gene of H1 and H3 subtype SIV. A duplex Real-time RT-PCR assay was developed for detection of H1 and H3 subtype SIV. The results showed that the Real-time RT-PCR could detect 10² copies/μL of H1 and H3 subtype SIV, the sensibility was well. Coefficient of variation of Ct value between repeating groups were all below 5%, the repeatability was favorable. The results were negative for the detection of H4, H5, H7, H9 subtypes SIV, classical swine fever virus, porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus, foot and disease virus and pseudorabies virus, the specificity was fine. One sample was H1 subtype SIV, and one sample was H3 subtype SIV, by the established assay, the positive rate was 1.16%. The method was highly accurate, rapid, sensitive and specific, and could provide a method for rapid detection and epidemiological investigation of H1 and H3 subtype SIV.  相似文献   

国外应用LAMP技术检测动物病毒的研究进展(英文)     

朱海霞  张强  吴国华  颜新敏  李健  赵志荀 《（《农业科学与技术》）编辑部》2011,(7)

环介导等温扩增技术(LAMP)是由Notomi等建立的一种核酸扩增技术,该方法最大的优点是能够在63℃ ~65℃的等温条件下扩增特定DNA序列,并在30 ~60 min内可以观察到结果。LAMP已经成功用于许多病毒的检测,在本文中,主要概述与LAMP技术相关的最新发展现状以及国外应用该技术检测动物病毒方面的进展。  相似文献   

表现腺胃炎的蛋用型鸡J亚群-白血病病毒的分离与鉴定   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

孙淑红  柴家前  王波  孙洪磊  王晓云  崔治中 《畜牧兽医学报》2010,41(2)

从表现腺胃炎的尼克珊瑚粉商品代蛋鸡中分离到J亚群-白血病病毒(ALV-J)。将病料或鸡白细胞接种于CEF,培养12 d,分别采用单克隆抗体间接免疫荧光试验检测,结果10只鸡中有9只鸡分离到ALV-J,其中有4只鸡还存在与禽网状内皮增生病病毒(REV)的共感染。通过PCR扩增gp85基因,与已发表的20株ALV-J进行同源性比较。结果表明,与来自白羽肉鸡的HPRS103的同源性为97.8%,而与来自蛋用型鸡的SD07LK1株的同源性为93.0%。本研究发现,在某些仅仅发生腺胃炎的鸡也可能普遍存在ALV-J感染,再次显示了腺胃炎病料中病毒感染的多样性。ALV-J可能成为致腺胃炎的病原之一,但其致病作用有待进一步研究。  相似文献   

Development of a multiplex reverse transcription-PCR assay for simultaneous detection of garlic viruses     

HU Xin-xi  LEI Yan  WANG Pei  TANG Lin-fei  HE Chang-zheng  SONG Yong  XIONG Xing-yao  NIE Xian-zhou 《农业科学学报》2015,14(5):900-908

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