转基因植物疫苗研究进展     

傅玲琳  帅江冰  许梓荣 《中国兽药杂志》2005,39(5):22-26

众多研究表明,病毒的抗原决定簇及细菌毒素亚单位均能在转基因植物中成功表达,并保持良好的免疫原性.与现有的疫苗生产体系相比,植物生产疫苗具有安全、经济、稳定、高效等优势.本文概述了利用不同受体植物生产疫苗的研究现状、免疫原性评价及免疫原基因的优化表达策略.  相似文献   

炭疽芽孢杆菌疫苗研究进展     

郑艳军  隋慧  郑艳霞 《中国兽药杂志》2005,39(7):46-50

炭疽病是一种人畜共患的烈性传染病.该病由炭疽杆菌所致,传播迅速,潜伏期短,死亡率高.炭疽杆菌在生物武器中占有重要地位.本文简述了现用疫苗及各国正在开发的新疫苗,探讨了疫苗研发的新思路,客观评价了人用炭疽疫苗的安全性及有效性.  相似文献   

山羊痘灭活疫苗免疫保护试验     

赵利平  魏学峰  陈九连  刘棋  郭建刚  巴特  苏丽琼  王家福 《中国兽药杂志》2005,39(8):21-23

将山羊痘GT4-STV42-56种毒在犊牛睾丸细胞上繁殖,收获毒液,用0.1%甲醛溶液灭活,加适量206佐剂,制成山羊痘油佐剂灭活疫苗.将疫苗以不同剂量皮下免疫接种不同种群的山羊.免疫后21 d,用AV40株强毒进行攻毒保护试验.结果显示,免疫剂量达0.5 mL时,疫苗对内蒙绒山羊的保护率为100%,对广西黑山羊的保护率为80%.实验表明,山羊痘灭活疫苗对山羊的免疫效果确实可靠.  相似文献   

H5亚型禽流感疫苗对特禽及水禽的免疫效果观察   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

姜北宇  刘月焕  祝俊杰  赵景义  符芳  王凤强  校海霞 《中国兽药杂志》2005,39(9):23-25

用H5N2亚型禽流感疫苗,分别免疫SPF鸡、乌鸡、珍珠鸡、贵妃鸡、火鸡、鸭及鹅,免疫后采血测定其HI抗体,观察我国现有的H5N2亚型禽流感疫苗对特禽及水禽的免疫效力.结果,免疫后3周,SPF鸡、乌鸡、珍珠鸡、贵妃鸡、火鸡、鸭及鹅的平均HI抗体滴度分别为2 7.2、2 7.6、2 4.3、2 4.83、2 4.6、2 6.2及2 5.3,乌鸡两次免疫,其中一次HI抗体为2 9.65.试验证明,SPF鸡、特禽及水禽用H5N2亚型禽流感疫苗免疫后,均能产生一定水平的HI抗体,但不同种类的家禽所产生的HI抗体滴度存在较大差异,以SPF鸡及乌鸡所产生的HI抗体滴度最高,而珍珠鸡、贵妃鸡及火鸡所产生的HI抗体滴度较低,水禽对H5N2亚型禽流感疫苗可产生一定水平的HI抗体.  相似文献   

猪伪狂犬病油乳剂灭活疫苗的制备及安全性与免疫性试验   总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12  

陈焕春  金梅林  何启盖  方六荣  吴美洲  周斌  周锐 《畜牧兽医学报》2001,32(1):44-51

用本室分离鉴定的猪伪狂犬病毒鄂A经毒株接种仓鼠肾细胞（BHK－21）,制备病毒抗原液，毒价不低于10^-6TCID50/0.1ml。经一定浓度的甲醛溶液灭活后与油相佐剂乳化研制成油乳剂灭活油疫苗4批。本研究对该制品的安全性、免疫性进行了测定。对18g左右小白鼠接种0.3ml，初生仔猪、断奶仔猪及妊娠母猪加倍剂量注射，均未出现不良反应，安全性良好。对母猪的繁殖性能不产生影响。后备母猪及妊娠母清中和抗体指数于免疫后21d达到316以上，间隔35d加强免疫一次后，中和抗体指数可达1000以上。断奶仔猪及初生仔猪免疫后对强毒的攻击，保护率分别为100％及90.62％。  相似文献   

牛病毒性腹泻／粘膜病O系弱毒冻干苗的试验生产和检验报告   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

阎高峰  纪金春 《青海畜牧兽医杂志》1995,25(4):26-28

１９９２￣１９９４年共试生产牛病毒性腹泻／粘膜病（ＢＶＤ／ＭＤ）Ｏ系细胞培养弱毒冻干苗６０万头份，通过实验室内安全检验、效力检验、无菌检验、水份测定、真空度检验、物理性状检验及在玉树、称多和泽库三个疫病发生严重的县试用，证明《ＢＶＤ／ＭＤＯ系细胞培养弱毒冻干苗制造与检验试行办法》可行，并为制定该苗的制造与检验规程提供了依据。  相似文献   

Vaccination experiments on pregnant mice with E. coli vaccines prepared from septicaemic and enteropathogenic strains of E. coli     

A Dam 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》1973,14(5):691-699

Experiments have been carried out with vaccination of pregnant mice against E. coli, followed by i.p. challenge of the offspring at one week of age.With a septicaemic strain the results were highly significant, and the method is therefore recommendable for testing of vaccines against such strains of E. coli.Results were less clear-cut with enteropathogenic strains of E. coli. However, with mortality rates of 40 to 45 % in baby mice born by non-vaccinated mothers and less than 15 % in baby mice born by vaccinated mothers, the difference in percentage mortality seems sufficient to warrant the use of the method also in the control of vaccines against enteropathogenic E. coli strains.  相似文献   

Poxviruses as vaccine vectors   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Pastoret PP  Vanderplasschen A 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》2003,26(5-6):343-355

The discovery of Jenner in 1798 founded the science of immunology and eventually led to smallpox eradication from the earth in 1980 after a world-wide vaccination campaign with vaccinia virus (another poxvirus) and paradoxically, despite the eradication of smallpox, there has been an explosion of interest in vaccinia virus in the eighties. This interest has stemmed in part from the application of molecular genetics to clone and express foreign genes from recombinant vaccinia viruses. Vaccinia is also gaining renewed interest due to bioterrorism.

These recombinant viruses have multiple applications in research and vaccinology and led to the development of vectored vaccines, such as the recombinant vaccinia rabies vaccine used to eliminate rabies in Western Europe and, more recently, in the United States. Secondly, alternative poxvirus vectors, such as avipox viruses, were proved to be even safer and efficacious non-replicating vectors (suiciole vectors) when used in non-avian species.  相似文献   

New gene-based approaches for an AIDS vaccine     

Puaux AL  Michel ML 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》2003,26(5-6):357-372

Vaccine approaches against AIDS have focused on inducing cellular immune responses, since many studies revealed the role of T cell responses in the control of human immunodeficiency virus or simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infections. The experimental infection of rhesus macaques with SIV or chimeric SHIV is routinely used as a model for AIDS. In such models, DNA immunization is a tool to elicit specific T cell responses and to study their protective efficacy. DNA immunogenicity in primates depends on parameters such as level of antigen expression, choice of the antigen among SIV proteins, use of fusion proteins, route of immunization, and addition of adjuvants. Recent results suggest that priming with DNA and boosting with attenuated recombinant viral vectors, each expressing corresponding SIV antigens, leads to improved specific immunity and, in some cases, affords protection against pathogenic challenge. After preclinical evaluations, DNA has entered clinical trials for a therapeutic or prophylactic gene-based AIDS vaccine.  相似文献   

Comparison of antibody values in sera of pigs vaccinated with a subunit or an attenuated vaccine against classical swine fever     

Terzić S  Jemersić L  Lojkić M  Madić J  Grom J  Toplak I  Sver L  Valpotić I 《Veterinary research communications》2003,27(4):329-339

Ten pigs, aged 85 days, were vaccinated with a subunit vaccine containing 32 g of classical swine fever virus glycoprotein E2 (gp E2) (group 1), and a further 10 pigs were vaccinated with a C strain vaccine (10^4±0.15 TCID₅₀/ml), produced by amplification in minipig kidney (MPK) cell culture (group 2). Nine non-vaccinated pigs served as a control group (group 3). Serum samples were collected before (day 0) and at 4, 10, 21 and 28 days after vaccination and were analysed by two commercially available enzyme immunoassays and by a neutralizing peroxidase-linked assay (NPLA). At the same times, peripheral blood was taken for determining the total leukocyte count and the body temperature was taken daily. Antibodies were not detected in serum samples collected before vaccination (day 0), and no side-effects that could be connected with vaccination were observed during the trial. Ten days after vaccination 6/10 pigs vaccinated with the subunit vaccine were seropositive. On days 21 and 28, the ratios of serologically positive to vaccinated pigs were 9/10 and 10/10, respectively. Four of the ten pigs that were vaccinated with the C strain vaccine were positive on day 21 and 9/10 on day 28. However, the results of the NPLA showed that only 4/10 pigs had an antibody titre >1:32 at the end of the trial in both the vaccinated groups, even though the subunit vaccine initiated an earlier and higher level of neutralizing antibodies than the vaccine produced from the C strain. Challenge was performed 28 days after vaccination on four randomly selected pigs from both vaccinated groups. The pigs survived the challenge without showing any clinical signs of classical swine fever (CSF), while two nonvaccinated control pigs died on the 10th and 12th days after infection.  相似文献