基于益生菌的肠道改善和免疫调节临床研究进展     

冯丽莉  朱宏  罗永康  王世杰 《乳业科学与技术》2014,37(5):34-37

人体临床实验是评估益生菌菌株对人体健康影响的唯一途径,然而,受到多种因素的限制,人体实验所能获得的实验数据和资料非常有限.本文通过整合国内外益生菌在人体临床实验中的评价结果,对益生菌改善人类肠道、调节免疫力等作用进行综述.  相似文献   

Health-beneficial effects of probiotics: Its mode of action     

Yuji OHASHI  Kazunari USHIDA 《Animal Science Journal》2009,80(4):361-371

It is now widely recognized that probiotics have health-beneficial effects on humans and animals. Probiotics should survive in the intestinal tract to exert beneficial effects on the host's health. To keep a sufficient level of probiotic bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract, a shorter interval between doses may be required. Although adherence to the intestinal epithelial cell and mucus is not a universal property of probiotics, high ability to adhere to the intestinal surface might strongly interfere with infection of pathogenic bacteria and regulate the immune system. The administration of probiotic Lactobacillus stimulated indigenous Lactobacilli and the production of short-chain fatty acids. This alteration of the intestinal environment should contribute to maintain the host's health. The immunomodulatory effects of probiotics are related to important parts of their beneficial effects. Probiotics may modulate the intestinal immune response through the stimulation of certain cytokine and IgA secretion in intestinal mucosa. The health-beneficial effects, in particular the immunomodulation effect, of probiotics depend on the strain used. Differences in indigenous intestinal microflora significantly alter the magnitude of the effects of a probiotic. Specific probiotic strains suitable for each animal species and their life stage as well as each individual should be found.  相似文献   

益生素和低聚木糖对断奶仔猪生产性能、消化酶活性、血液指标和肠道微生物的影响   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

杨海英  杨在宾  杨维仁  李兆勇 《中国兽医学报》2009,29(7)

选用(21±2)日龄体质量为(6.83±0.9)kg的PIC断奶仔猪240头,随机分为4个处理,正对照组(positive diet,PD)含有较多的鱼粉和乳清粉;负对照纽(negative diet,ND)舍有较少的鱼粉和乳清粉,较多的豆粕;负对照+0.035%益生素(negative diet+probiotics,ND+P);负对照+0.002%低聚木糖(negative diet+xylo-oligosaccharide,ND+X).饲喂至65日龄屠宰.结果显示,在断奶仔猪日粮中乳清粉和鱼粉从5.50%降低到2.50%,豆粕从22.50%增加到26.50%可导致仔猪消化道酶活性、血糖和血清总蛋白水平、盲肠乳酸杆菌数量降低(P<0.05),血清尿素氮、盲肠大肠杆菌数量、仔猪腹泻指数扣料重比增加(P<0.05).添加益生素和低聚木糖可以提高仔猪消化道蛋白质、脂肪和淀粉消化酶活性(P<0.05),降低料重比(P<0.05);提高血糖,降低血清尿素氮水平(P<0.05),改善蛋白质平衡和能量代谢;提高盲肠乳酸杆菌数量,减少大肠杆菌数量(P<0.05),降低仔猪的腹泻指数(P<0.05).添加益生素和低聚木糖与否,均不影响日增重和采食量(P>0.05).益生素和低聚木糖可以改善断奶仔猪的消化功能、后消化道有益菌群、饲料转化效率,防治仔猪腹泻.  相似文献   

瑞士乳酸杆菌HZ521株的分子鉴定及其部分生物学特性研究     

朱炳林  张茜茜  方维焕 《动物医学进展》2009,30(2)

根据GenBank中乳酸杆菌16 S～23 S rRNA基因间沉默区序列设计引物,进一步鏊定猪源乳酸杆菌分离株HZ521;并通过体外试验,以嗜酸乳酸杆菌ATCC 4356为参考菌株,探讨HZ521株的益生素作用.部分16 S～23 S rRNA基因序列同源性分析结果表明,该分离株属于瑞士乳酸杆菌.HZ521株具有较强的产酸能力,能耐受强酸,对Hela细胞的黏附率为87.2%,显著高于ATCC 4356株(P<0.01).表明瑞士乳酸杆菌HZ521株具有益生素特性,可作为肠道益生素的候选菌株.  相似文献   

动物饲用益生菌LPF-2对大肠杆菌抑制作用的培养条件优化   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

陈璐  苏明星  刘波  黄素芳  葛慈斌  朱育菁 《中国农学通报》2009,25(16)

[研究目的]对畜禽大肠杆菌具有抑制作用的动物饲用益生菌短短芽孢杆菌LPF-2的培养条件进行优化.[方法]以抑菌圈为指标,从时间、温度、摇床转速和培养基pH值研究短短芽孢杆菌LPF-2的最适培养条件,以获得短短芽孢杆菌LPF-2最佳的抑菌效果.[结果]短短芽孢杆菌LPF-2培养24～84h的抑菌圈为10.00～13.00 mm,在24～39℃下培养的抑菌圈为9.00～14.00 mm,转速在90～210 r/min下培养的抑菌圈为13.75～15.00 mm,pH 6.0～8.0下培养的抑菌圈为10.50～14.50 mm.[结论]动物益生菌短短芽孢杆菌LPF-2的最适培养条件为培养基pH 7.5、培养温度30℃、培养时间48 h,摇床转速在90～210 r/min范围内均可.  相似文献   

微生态制剂在乳制品中的应用研究进展     

王芳  屈小媛  任春光 《乳业科学与技术》2013,36(4):39-42

微生态制剂具有调整人体肠道微生态平衡、提高免疫力、抗肿瘤、抗衰老等多种功能,是生产功能型乳制品的重要元素.微生态制剂在乳制品中的应用对丰富乳制品功能、引导健康饮食、促进乳业发展等都具有十分重要的意义,研究和开发益生菌、益生元和合生元乳制品将成为乳制品发展的主导方向.本文介绍了微生态制剂在乳制品中的应用情况,重点阐述了微生态制剂应用于乳制品中的关键技术.  相似文献   

复合益生菌对草鱼养殖水体水质和菌群结构的影响   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

郑佳佳  彭丽莎  张小平  孙健栋  傅罗琴  胡彩虹  李卫芬 《水产学报》2013,37(3):457-464

为研究草鱼养殖水体中添加复合益生菌水质调节剂对水体水质和菌群的调节作用,实验采用氮磷等指标监测水质,采用454焦磷酸盐测序方法分析菌群结构,结果显示,处理组的氨氮、亚硝酸盐氮和总氮浓度一直低于对照组,但差异不显著;处理组硝酸盐氮浓度低于对照组,且在18d下降了56.59％;处理组的总无机氮含量低于对照组,且在15d下降了28.75％.处理组正磷酸盐和总磷浓度略低于对照组,无显著差异.15 d水样的454焦磷酸盐测序结果与对照组相比,处理组菌群多样性更高,厚壁菌门和变形菌门分别减少了91.21％和21.75％,拟杆菌、放线菌和蓝细菌分别增加了288％、435％和848％.在变形菌门中,α-变形杆菌和β-变形杆菌分别比对照组提高了318％和18％,γ-变形杆菌比对照组降低了78.82％.研究表明,该复合益生菌具有一定水质调控功能,且能显著改变菌群结构.  相似文献   

Effects of Yeast Oligosaccharide Diet Supplements on Growth and Disease Resistance in Juvenile Nile Tilapia,Oreochromis niloticus     

Richard A. Shelby  Mediha Yildirim-Aksoy  Thomas L. Welker  Phillip H. Klesius 《Journal Of Applied Aquaculture》2013,25(1):61-71

Commercially available yeast and yeast subcomponents consisting mainly of β-glucan or oligosaccharide feed additives were added to diets of juvenile (12–18g) Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) at rates recommended by suppliers. Three experiments were conducted following a basic protocol with varied rates of supplementation, duration of feeding, and stocking densities. Experimental diets were fed twice daily to apparent satiation for a period of two or four weeks, at the end of which feed consumption and weight gain were measured. Following the experimental feeding period, serum components, including protein and immunoglobulin concentrations, as well as lysozyme and complement activities, were measured. A disease challenge was conducted with pathogenic isolates of Streptococcus iniae or Edwardsiella tarda. Weight gains were not significantly different in fish fed the supplemented diets when compared to the control diet. There were significant differences in fed intake within individual experiments; however, this effect was not consistent in all three experiments. Overall feed efficiency was not significantly affected by diet. There were no differences in serum components of fish sampled at two or four weeks. Fish fed the experimental diets did not have lower mortality or morbidity after disease challenge compared to fish fed the control diets. Specific antibody against S. iniae or E. tarda measured by ELISA did not reveal differences in the fish surviving the challenge. We conclude that the incorporation of these commercial yeast component products into the diet of juvenile Nile tilapia at these rates and for these feeding periods had no effect on growth, serum components, antibody responses, or survival following S. iniae or E. tarda infection.  相似文献   

微生态制剂和着色剂对锦鲤体色的影响     

张春兰  赵文  徐立蒲  殷守仁  魏杰  曹欢  王静波 《大连水产学院学报》2011,26(4):328-332

以锦鲤Cyprinus carpio皮肤（带鳞片）和尾鳍中的总类胡萝卜素含量作为锦鲤体色的衡量标准,研究了微生态制剂（投喂和泼洒）与着色剂对红色锦鲤幼鱼体色的影响。结果表明：对照组锦鲤皮肤中的总类胡萝卜素含量随饲养时间的延长逐渐增加,并在饲养的第8周达到最大值（38.69 mg/kg±8.64 mg/kg）;投喂着色剂和微生态制剂的两组锦鲤皮肤中总类胡萝卜素含量也随投喂时间的延长显著增加（P〈0.05）,均在第6周达到最大值,分别为（45.78±3.16）mg/kg和（53.91±4.49）mg/kg,在停止投喂着色剂和微生态制剂两周后,该两组锦鲤皮肤中的总类胡萝卜素含量均有所降低,分别为（44.05±4.78）mg/kg和（50.99±5.45）mg/kg;而只投喂微生态制剂的两个试验组和只泼洒微生态制剂的两个试验组锦鲤皮肤中的总类胡萝卜素含量均随饲养时间的延长而逐渐增加,在试验的第8周达到最大值,与对照组表现出相同的规律,且投喂微生态制剂的两个试验组在数值上要略高于对照组,分别为（40.21±5.74）mg/kg和（39.74±4.96）mg/kg,而泼洒微生态制剂的两个试验组与对照组含量相当,分别为（38.31±9.31）mg/kg和（38.34±6.78）mg/kg。这说明微生态制剂无论是作为饲料添加剂投喂或是水体泼洒使用对锦鲤体色的作用都是安全的,并且投喂微生态制剂虽然短时间内对锦鲤体色的影响不明显,但长时间投喂可以在一定程度上起到增色的作用,不会因停止使用而发生褪色的现象。微生态制剂和着色剂对锦鲤尾鳍中总类胡萝卜素含量的影响不明显。  相似文献   

富硒益生菌对山羊瘤胃发酵和瘤胃液脂肪酸含量的影响     

冉林武  黄克和  李灵恩  陈兴祥  任志华 《南京农业大学学报》2011,34(5)

为研究日粮中添加富硒益生菌(SP)对山羊瘤胃发酵和瘤胃液脂肪酸含量变化的影响,以8头装有永久性瘘管的山羊为对象,采用4×4拉丁方设计,进行4期试验,每期15 d。日粮中分别添加0(对照)、8(LSP)、16(MSP)和32(HSP)mL.d-1的SP。结果表明:日粮添加SP能显著影响山羊瘤胃pH值(P<0.01)、总挥发性脂肪酸(P<0.05)、微生物蛋白(P<0.05)和trans11-C18∶1浓度(P<0.05);并有升高瘤胃乙酸比例(P=0.08)、α-C18∶3浓度(P=0.07)以及降低瘤胃丁酸比例(P=0.05)、氨氮浓度(P=0.08)的趋势。说明日粮添加SP对缓解瘤胃pH值的下降,促进瘤胃总挥发性脂肪酸的产生、微生物蛋白的合成和对氨氮的利用,以及提高瘤胃液α-C18∶3和共轭亚油酸前体trans11-C18∶1的含量有积极作用。  相似文献