Prevalence and Aetiology of Mastitis in Cows from Two Major Ethiopian Dairies     

Workineh S  Bayleyegn M  Mekonnen H  Potgieter LN 《Tropical animal health and production》2002,34(1):19-25

The study was undertaken to determine the aetiology and prevalence of mastitis in hand-milked cows (n = 186) in two major Ethiopian dairies. The California Mastitis Test and culturing for bacteria revealed that 21.5% of the cows were clinically infected and 38.2% had subclinical mastitis. Most mastitis pathogens isolated from milk samples testing positive by the California Mastitis Test were Gram-positive cocci. Staphylococci constituted 57% of the isolates, of which the predominant cause of bovine mastitis was Staphylococcus aureus (40.5%). Other mastitis pathogens isolated include streptococci (16.5%), coliforms (9%) and corynebacteria (5%). Retrospective analysis of farm records indicated that mastitis was the second most important cause of culling and accounted for 27% of the cows removed from these two dairies.  相似文献   

Isolation,Identification and Biological Characteristics of Staphylococcus chromogenes from Tibetan Pigs     

ZHAO Xialing  XIAO Qi  QIAN Wenxian  WEN Dongxu  YAN Mingshuai  LYU Lixin  NIU Jiaqiang  HE Kongwang 《中国畜牧兽医》2007,47(9):3014-3021

In order to understand the infection of Staphylococcus disease in healthy Tibetan pigs in Linzhi city,Tibet.232 samples were collected from the slaughterhouse in Bahe town,Gongbujiangda county,Linzhi city,Tibet,the teaching practice ranch at the Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry University in Bayi district,Linzhi city,and the slaughterhouse in Bayi district,Linzhi city.These samples were isolated,cultured and identified,and one isolated strain was systematically studied for biological characteristics.Epidemiological survey results showed that 73 of 232 samples were positive for Staphylococcus,the positive rate was 31.47%,16 positive samples were detected in the slaughterhouse of Bahe town,Gongbujiangda county,Linzhi,Tibet,with a detection rate of 23.89%(16/67),43 positive samples were detected in the pastures of the teaching practice ranch at the Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry University in Bayi district,Linzhi city,with a detection rate of 34.40% (43/125),14 positive samples were detected in the slanghterhouse in Bayi district,Linzhi city,with a detection rate of 35.00% (14/40).Through PCR identification,gene sequencing and biochemical identification,5 strains of Staphylococcus chromogenes were isolated,and one of them (Sa LZ1) was studied systematically.The biological characteristics of the isolated strains showed that the Sa LZ1 strain formed round white convex colonies on the agar medium,with regular edges,smooth surfaces,and opaque white colonies.The isolates were Gram-positive cocci bacteria.PCR sequencing results showed that the isolate had the highest homology with Staphylococcus chromogenes (GenBank accession No.:MG576253.1),positive for serum inulin,manicol,glucose,saccharose,lactose,negative for arabinose,sodium hippurate,raffinose,xylose,urea,etc,consistent with the biochemical characteristics of Staphylococcus chromogenes.The logarithmic growth period of isolated bacteria was 5 to 10 h.The pathogenicity test of mice showed that the mortality rate of mice reached 100% when the concentration of Sa LZ1 strain reached 3.5×10⁹ CFU/mL.And the results of pathological section showed that Sa LZ1 strain could cause the visceral tissue of mice to develop pathological changes.The above results provided a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of Staphylococcus suis in Linzhi,Tibet.  相似文献   

A linear programming assessment of the profit from strategies to reduce the prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus mastitis     

Lyctia Zepeda  Kenneth L. Buelow  Kenneth V. Nordlund  chester B. Thomas  Michael T. Collins  William J. Goodger   《Preventive veterinary medicine》1998,33(1-4):183-193

We used a linear programming model to estimate the financial returns to a Staphylococcus aureus testing and control program over a 1-year period for a 100-cow herd, with a 8636-kg rolling-herd average. Six tests, which vary in sensitivity from 0.80 to 0.98 and specificity of 0.99, were examined in simulated herds with 10, 20 and 30% prevalence of S. aureus infection. Sensitivity of these results to a range of assumptions regarding rolling-herd average, milk price, somatic cell-count premium, and cost and cure rate of dry treatment were examined to determine the profits from the program. The profits of a control program are most dependent upon prevalence, cell-count premium, and cost of dry treatment. In our simulation for a 100-cow herd, a testing and control program appears to cost less than US$10 per cow per year, and pays for itself within 1 yr, except under the lowest prevalence and most-adverse conditions (low yield, high cost of dry treatment, or low SCC premium).  相似文献   

生驼乳中金黄色葡萄球菌的分离鉴定与耐药性分析     

欧秀玲  蔡扩军  徐敏 《中国乳业》2022,(8):29-33

为了解生驼乳中金黄色葡萄球菌的污染状况,本文从骆驼养殖户中采集了90 份生驼乳,对其进行金黄色葡萄球菌的增菌、培养和分离,并利用全自动微生物生化鉴定仪进行鉴定,同时对分离出的阳性菌株采用纸片扩散法进行耐药性分析。生化鉴定结果表明,90 份生驼乳样本中分离出8 株金黄色葡萄球菌,分离率8.9%。耐药性分析表明,8 株阳性菌株对青霉素耐药率达75%;对氧氟沙星敏感率最高,可达100%;对头孢哌酮钠、环丙沙星敏感性较高,敏感率可达87.5%;对链霉素、卡那霉素、阿莫西林、头孢唑啉和头孢西丁,四环素、氯霉素、头孢噻肟、林可霉素、苯唑西林、庆大霉素较敏感,敏感率在37.5%~75.0%之间。本研究为对生驼乳中的金黄色葡萄球菌的污染防控提供了参考依据。  相似文献   

Characterisation of nasal Staphylococcus delphini and Staphylococcus pseudintermedius isolates from healthy donkeys in Tunisia          下载免费PDF全文

H. Gharsa  K. Ben Slama  E. Gómez‐Sanz  P. Gómez  N. Klibi  M. Zarazaga  A. Boudabous  C. Torres 《Equine veterinary journal》2015,47(4):463-466

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Detection of the staphylococcal enterotoxin D-like gene from staphylococcal food poisoning isolates over the last two decades in Tokyo     

Yasunori SUZUKI  Makiko KOBAYASHI  Shigeru MATSUSHITA  Satomi UEHARA  Rei KATO  Yusuke SATO’O  Hisaya K. ONO  Kenji SADAMASU  Akemi KAI  Yoichi KAMATA 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(8):905-911

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Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of canine pyoderma isolates of Staphylococcus pseudintermedius for biofilm formation     

Patrizia CASAGRANDE PROIETTI  Valentina STEFANETTI  Doreene Rose HYATT  Maria Luisa MARENZONI  Stefano CAPOMACCIO  Mauro COLETTI  Annalisa BIETTA  Maria Pia FRANCIOSINI  Fabrizio PASSAMONTI 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(8):945-951

Biofilm-forming ability is increasingly being recognized as an important virulence factor in several Staphylococcus species. This study evaluated the biofilm-forming ability of sixty canine derived clinical isolates of S. pseudintermedius, using three phenotypic methods, microtiter plate test (MtP), Congo red agar method (CRA) and tube adherence test, and the presence and impact of biofilm-associated genes (icaA and icaD). The results showed that icaA and icaD genes were detected concomitantly in 55 (91.7%) of 60 isolates. A majority (88.3%) of the strains screened had matching results by the tube adherence test, MtP and PCR analysis. Better agreement (95%) was found between the PCR-based analysis and the CRA. Results of the icaA and icaD gene PCRs showed good agreement with CRA results, with a kappa of 0.7. Comparing the phenotypic methods, the statistical analysis showed that the agreement among the phenotypical tests using categorical data was generally good. Considering two classes (biofilm producer and biofilm non-producer), the percentage of matching results between the CRA method and the tube adherence test and between the CRA method and the MtP was 93.3%. A concordance of 100% was revealed between the MtP and the tube adherence test. The results indicate a high prevalence of the ica genes within S. pseudintermedius isolates, and their presence is associated with in vitro formation of a biofilm. A combination of phenotypic and genotypic tests is recommended for investigating biofilm formation in S. pseudintermedius.  相似文献   

Prevalence of methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus spp. in the conjunctival sac of healthy dogs          下载免费PDF全文

Meredith C. Mouney  Jean Stiles  Wendy M. Townsend  Lynn Guptill  J. Scott Weese 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2015,18(2):123-126

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新疆牛羊产业链中金黄色葡萄球菌的污染调查与毒力基因检测     

胥兰  刘英玉  麦多  朱明月  蒋金豆  卢炜  朱梦含  郑晓风  彭斌 《新疆农业科学》2021,58(1):182-189

【目的】 分析乌鲁木齐及周边地区牛羊源金黄色葡萄球菌及耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌的污染状况及常见毒力基因检测。【方法】 采集乌鲁木齐及周边地区牛养殖场和牛羊屠宰场752份样品(粪样、挤奶厅工具拭子、胴体拭子、屠宰工具拭子等),采用国家标准方法进行金黄色葡萄球菌分离和耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌的鉴定,检测10种常见毒力基因(sea、seb、sec、fnbA、fnbB、hla、hlb、clfa、pvl、tst)的编码情况。【结果】 共分离出26株金黄色葡萄球菌,分离率为3.46%,其中奶牛养殖场、牛屠宰场和羊屠宰场的分离率分别是4.39%、1.13%、3.72%、。其中有8株是耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌,占检出率的30.77%。毒力基因sea、seb、sec、fnbA、fnbB、hla、hlb、clfa、pvl、tst的检测率分别是11.54%、19.23%、3.85%、3.85%、23.08%、100%、53.85%、100%、0、15.38%,其中clfa和hla的检出率最高。 【结论】 新疆奶牛养殖场和牛羊屠宰场中均存在金黄色葡萄球菌,其中奶牛养殖场中MRSA的污染较严重,金黄色葡萄球菌主要编码hla和clfa 2种毒力基因。  相似文献   

Associations between bacterial genotype and outcome of bovine clinical Staphylococcus aureus mastitis     

?sa Lundberg  Anna Aspán  Ann Nyman  Helle Ericsson Unnerstad  Karin Persson Waller 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》2014,56(1):2

Background

Staphylococcus aureus is an important cause of clinical mastitis in dairy cows worldwide. The cure rate after antimicrobial treatment of clinical S. aureus mastitis is very variable due to both cow and bacterial factors. Studies have shown that bacterial genotype might affect short-term bacteriological and clinical cure, but the long-term outcome has been less studied. The objectives of this study were to investigate associations between bacterial genotype and long-term outcome of veterinary-treated clinical mastitis (VTCM) caused by S. aureus during a follow-up period of 120 days and to study genotype variation among Swedish S. aureus isolates. S. aureus isolates from cases of VTCM were genotyped by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Long-term outcome measurements used were somatic cell count (SCC), additional diagnoses of VTCM, milk yield and culling. Isolates were classified into clusters (>80% similarity) and pulsotypes (100% similarity). Clusters and pulsotypes were grouped according to occurrence. Multivariable mixed-effect linear regression models including cow and bacterial factors with possible influence on SCC or milk yield were used to calculate differences in SCC or milk yield between groups. Additional outcome measures were calculated using a test of proportions.

Results

The isolates (n = 185) were divided into 18 clusters and 29 pulsotypes. Two pulsotypes were classified as common, and were found in 64% of the cases of VTCM. Remaining isolates were classified as less common or rare pulsotypes. The distribution was similar at cluster level. Outcome was calculated from follow-up data on 111 cows. Significantly lower SCC during the follow-up period was found in cows infected with common clusters compared to in cows infected with less common/rare clusters. The proportion of cows with SCC <200 000 cells/ml during the whole follow-up period was significantly higher in the group common clusters than in the group less common/rare clusters. Bacterial genotype did not influence the other outcome parameters.

Conclusions

In Sweden, two S. aureus pulsotypes, identified in about 64% of clinical S. aureus cases, were widespread. Cows infected with the common genotypes had significantly lower SCC during 120 days after treatment compared to cows infected with less common or rare genotypes.  相似文献