Prospective use of bacteriocinogenic Pediococcus pentosaceus as direct-fed microbial having methane reducing potential     

Sanjay Kumar  Sumit S Dagar  Seyed H Ebrahimi  Ravinder K Malik  Ramesh C Upadhyay  Anil K Puniya 《中国农业科学(英文版)》2015,(3):561-566

Direct-fed microbials(DFM), generally regarded as safe status, are successfully used in improving rumen ecology, gastro-intestinal health, feed efficiency, milk production and growth rate in ruminants. On the other hand, methanogenesis in rumen, which accounts for a significant loss of ruminant energy and increased greenhouse gas in environment, is of great concern, therefore, use of DFM for improving productivity without compromising the animal health and ecological sustainability is encouraged. The present study was conducted to investigate the methane reducing potential of bacteriocinogenic strain Pediococcus pentosaceus-34. Since, the culture showed no hemolysis on blood agar and DNase activity, hence, it was considered to be avirulent in nature, a prerequisite for any DFM. The culture also showed tolerance to pH 5.0 for 24 h with 0.5% organic acid mixture, whereas when given a shock for 2 h at different p H and organic acids concentrations, it showed growth at pH 3.0 and 4.0 with 0.1 and 1.0% organic acids, respectively, as having good animal probiotics attributes. The total gas production was significantly(P<0.05) higher in live pedicoccal culture(LPC) and dead pedicoccal culture(DPC) both with wheat straw, when compared to the control. In sugarcane bagasse, gas production was significantly lower(P<0.05) with LPC compared to the control and DPC both. Methane was reduced by the inclusion of LPC in sugarcane bagasse(0.07 mL CH4 mg–1 dry matter digestibility) with no effect on other rumen fermentation parameters. However, with wheat straw and LPC total gas, in vitro dry matter digestibility, total volatile fatty acids increased significantly but no reduction in methane production was observed in comparison to the control. Therefore, further research is warranted in this direction, if the bacteriocinogenic strains can be used as DFM for ruminants to improve the ruminant productivity.  相似文献   

菊芋根系分泌物改良滨海盐土的微生物机制     

杨敏  李帅  曹慧翔  黄婷  李媛  谢军伟  赵耕毛 《水土保持通报》2021,41(6):71-81

[目的] 探究菊芋在滨海盐土改良过程中的作用机制,分析菊芋和碱蓬根系分泌物的组分差异,明确土壤微生态环境的变化规律,进一步为盐土改良提供理论依据。[方法] 以种植菊芋和自然碱蓬植被为样地,对菊芋和碱蓬的根系分泌物进行对比分析,研究在根系分泌物作用下土壤微生物数量,微生物量碳氮,微生物群落结构以及土壤酶活性的变化,从而系统地阐明根系分泌物介导下盐土改良的微生物机制。[结果] 菊芋根际土壤中含有果糖（2.343×10^-3 g/kg）、葡萄糖（4.235×10^-3 g/kg）、蔗糖（2.670×10^-3 g/kg）,分别是碱蓬根际土壤的9.28,1.52和2.43倍。而菊芋根际与非根际中的果糖含量存在显著性差异（p<0.05）,其根际中含量为非根际的12.02倍。菊芋土壤还含有低聚果糖（蔗果三糖、蔗果四糖和蔗果五糖）,而碱蓬土壤中未检测出低聚果糖。除糖类外,菊芋根系分泌物还含有烷烃、酚、醛、酯、有机酸、醇、酮、酰胺,其组分较碱蓬土壤更为复杂且某些组分为菊芋特有〔1-氯—十八烷、正十六烷酸、2-甲基-Z-4-十四碳烯、十二酮、（Z）-9-十八碳酰胺、苯丙酸十六烷基酯等〕。功能性根系分泌物（如低聚果糖、果糖、十六烷、十八烷酸等）为根际微生物提供碳源、氮源和营养元素的同时,使菊芋根际土壤中微生物数量显著增加（p<0.05）,土壤微生物量碳、氮显著高于碱蓬土壤（p<0.05）,其值分别是碱蓬土壤的1.95和1.6倍,且菊芋根际的微生物量碳、氮约为非根际的1.69和1.50倍,优势菌群（变形菌门、放线菌门、绿弯菌门、酸杆菌门）所占比重达到90%,土壤有益菌群（Actinobacteria和Acidobacteria）的相对丰度显著增加（p<0.05）,土壤生物活性提升。此外,菊芋根际特有的分泌物（十六烷、烯醛等）,抑制了病原菌的生长,优化了微生物群落结构。除过氧化氢酶外,土壤脲酶、蔗糖酶和碱性磷酸活性显著提高（p<0.05）,其活性分别是碱蓬土壤的1.83,1.88和3.30倍。[结论] 种植菊芋后,通过根际分泌物介导,改善土壤微生物群落结构与功能,增加土壤酶活性,使土壤生物活力得以整体提升,与原生植被碱蓬相比,降低了土壤含盐量,起到了改良盐土的作用。  相似文献   

动物饲用益生菌LPF-2对大肠杆菌抑制作用的培养条件优化     

陈璐  苏明星  刘波  黄素芳  葛慈斌  朱育菁 《勤云标准版测试》2009,29(16)

[研究目的]对畜禽大肠杆菌具有抑制作用的动物饲用益生菌短短芽孢杆菌LPF-2的培养条件进行优化.[方法]以抑菌圈为指标,从时间、温度、摇床转速和培养基pH值研究短短芽孢杆菌LPF-2的最适培养条件,以获得短短芽孢杆菌LPF-2最佳的抑菌效果.[结果]短短芽孢杆菌LPF-2培养24～84h的抑菌圈为10.00～13.00 mm,在24～39℃下培养的抑菌圈为9.00～14.00 mm,转速在90～210 r/min下培养的抑菌圈为13.75～15.00 mm,pH 6.0～8.0下培养的抑菌圈为10.50～14.50 mm.[结论]动物益生菌短短芽孢杆菌LPF-2的最适培养条件为培养基pH 7.5、培养温度30℃、培养时间48 h,摇床转速在90～210 r/min范围内均可.  相似文献   

4种绿色饲料添加剂对肉仔鸡生长性能的影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

徐刚  陈玉林  马雄 《西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版)》2008,36(4):1-7

【目的】比较酸化剂、益生素、寡糖和酶制剂4种添加剂对肉仔鸡生长性能的影响,为合理使用添加剂及提高其作用效果提供依据。【方法】选用健康爱拔益加肉仔鸡(AA)240只,采用单因素完全随机试验设计,分成6组,每组4个重复。在相同饲养条件下比较了酸化剂、益生素、寡糖和酶制剂对肉仔鸡的应用效果。【结果】与空白对照组相比,添加酸化剂、益生素、寡糖、酶制剂组0~3周龄肉仔鸡平均日增重分别增加8.49%,7.99%,2.66%,5.72%,增重效果均显著(P<0.05);料肉比分别降低3.33%,1.31%,4.03%,4.73%;粗蛋白、粗纤维、钙和磷的表观利用率均提高;6周龄肉仔鸡大肠杆菌数量降低,而乳酸杆菌数量增加。【结论】就提高肉仔鸡平均日增重,改善微生物菌群结构方面,添加2 g/kg益生素3、g/kg酸化剂的效果优于添加1 g/kg寡糖和0.75 g/kg酶制剂。4种添加剂对肉仔鸡0~3周龄的使用效果优于3~6周龄,即这4种添加剂在生产中以0~3周龄时添加较好。  相似文献   

发酵液中黄芪粗多糖与鸡肠道菌体外相互作用研究   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

王学智  杨志强  李建喜  朱新术  张凯  孟嘉仁  张艳 《甘肃农业大学学报》2008,43(6)

取鸡盲肠和空肠内容物,用培养基分离培养以筛选混合菌FGM和单株菌F1GM1、F1GB1、F1GB3、F1GB4作发酵菌种,分别检测黄芪培养液中粗多糖水平变化和菌体浓度变化.结果表明:当培养液中加入少量黄芪提取浓缩液时(<9%V/V),细菌增殖与药物剂量变化呈正相关性;加药量高于9%时,细菌增殖与药物剂量呈负相关性.加药量低于2.5%时,培养液中粗多糖水平呈下降趋势;加药量为8%~9%时,粗多糖水平升高最为明显.当在培养基中加入适量黄芪提取液后,接入分离的鸡肠道乳杆菌共培养72 h,发酵液中粗多糖的提取率与菌体增殖间有正协同作用.  相似文献   

Well-defined multispecies probiotic and enzyme combination outperforms traditional fermented probiotic applications in an intensive Pacific white shrimp,Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone, 1931), culture system     

Romi Novriadi  Tri Heru Prihadi  Hartati Sri Devi Saragih  Jutta Kesselring  Benedict Standen 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2023,54(1):156-166

A series of treatments were designed to evaluate the efficacy of feeding commercial multispecies probiotics feeding with enzymes and fermentation process on the growth parameters and culture environment of Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone, 1931), in an intensive culture system. Commercial multispecies probiotics and enzymes (PEs) were continuously applied in three different doses, namely (i) 0.2, (ii) 0.4, and (iii) 0.6 mg L⁻¹ and designated as 0.2, 0.4, and 0.6 PE during the first 30 days of intensive culture of Pacific white shrimp, L. vannamei (Boone, 1931). The probiotics were continually applied every alternate day, while the enzymes were added every sixth day throughout the trial period. The PE dose for all treated tanks was increased by 0.2 ppm after 30 days of culture and another 0.2 ppm after day 60. Meanwhile, fermentation technique, which has become the common method applied in Indonesia in the control treatment, was added on the same day with the PE group with increasing dosage, following the same trend with the 0.6 PE group. Results showed that the group receiving 0.6 PE showed higher final biomass, higher mean weight, and protein retention efficiency as well as a lower feed conversion ratio compared with the control treatment. Abundance of Vibrio spp. remained below 10³ cfu mL⁻¹ throughout the trial. Water quality indicators TAN, NO₂ N and NO₃ N peaked in weeks 3–5 and then declined after that until the end of the culture period in all tanks. This decline was significantly faster in PE-treated tanks. Multispecies PEs have potential applications in controlling Vibrio spp., maintaining proper water quality condition, and enhancing the growth of shrimp in intensive culture system.  相似文献   

微生态制剂中抑菌物质的分析          下载免费PDF全文

李淑侠  齐凤兰  陈有容  奚锐华  张蔚 《上海海洋大学学报》2000,(4):329-333

本文以一种市售微生态制剂为试材,对其产生的抑菌活性物质的生化性质做了研究,发现该抑菌物质显示活性的ｐＨ范围为４．０～６．０,ｐＨ值变化对其活性影响较大,ｐＨ值为７．０时活性全部消失;该活性物质对热不敏感,１２１℃处理３０ｍｉｎ后,其活性无明显变化;紫外光照射也不能使它失活;随发酵时间的延长,发酵液中的抑菌活性物质逐渐增加。根据其生化性质可以判断该抑菌物质是一种分子量较小,结构简单的多肽,具有广谱抑  相似文献   

益生素对贵妃鸡生产性能及其肉用品质的影响   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

宋屹  张爱忠  姜宁 《黑龙江八一农垦大学学报》2006,18(4):44-47

研究益生素对不同育龄贵妃鸡生产性能和肉质的影响。结果表明:0～4周龄两种益生素处理的日增重分别比对照组提高12.35%(P<0.05)和6.05%(P<0.05),料重比分别比对照组降低7.92%(P<0.05)和8.12%(P<0.05);5～8周龄日增重分别提高28.59%(P<0.05)和21.89%(P<0.05),料重比分别比对照组降低10.06%(P<0.05)和11.01%(P<0.05);9～17周龄各处理间日增重和料重比均没有显著差异(P>0.05)。两种益生素均有提高贵妃鸡肌肉pH和降低滴水损失的趋势。加酶益生素显著提高贵妃鸡肌肉蛋白质、粗灰分和Ca的含量(P<0.05)及降低肌肉粗脂肪的含量(P<0.05)。  相似文献   

饲料中添加微生态制剂对仿刺参生长、消化和免疫功能的影响     

韩莎  胡炜  李成林  赵斌  陈相堂  刘兆存 《动物营养学报》2019,31(6):2800-2806

本试验旨在研究饲料中添加微生态制剂对仿刺参生长、消化和免疫功能的影响。选用芽孢杆菌和乳酸菌为主要成分的微生态制剂,其活菌数为1.0×10^9CFU/mL,在配合饲料中分别按0(对照组)、10、20、30和40mL/kg的添加量添加,配制5种试验饲料,经混合放置9~12h后,投喂初始体重为(15.36±0.19)g的仿刺参30d。试验用仿刺参饲养在25L的塑料箱中,每箱中放置仿刺参10头,每种试验饲料投喂3箱仿刺参。结果显示:1)饲料中添加10、20mL/kg微生态制剂的试验组仿刺参各项生长指标均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),而饲料中添加30、40mL/kg微生态制剂的试验组仿刺参出现个体吐脏现象,吐脏率分别为13.33%、26.67%,微生态制剂的有益效果明显减弱。2)仿刺参消化道中蛋白酶、脂肪酶和淀粉酶活性随着微生态制剂添加量的增加均呈现先上升后下降的趋势,蛋白酶、脂肪酶、淀粉酶活性峰值分别出现在添加量为20、20、30mL/kg时。饲料中添加微生态制剂的4个试验组仿刺参体腔液中非特异性免疫酶活性均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),其中总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性随着微生态制剂添加量的增加而上升,而溶菌酶(LZM)活性则随着微生态制剂添加量的增加先上升后下降,在添加量为30mL/kg时达到最高。由试验结果可知,当饲料中微生态制剂添加量不超过30mL/kg时,可有效促进仿刺参的生长和消化,提高仿刺参的免疫功能。  相似文献   

饲用益生芽孢杆菌在畜禽无抗养殖中的应用研究     

潘慧青  张炎达  肖建设 《中国饲料》2019,(3):50-56

无抗养殖是未来全球化健康养殖的发展趋势,也是保障公众健康的重要环节。饲用益生芽孢杆菌是一类重要的"减抗"、"替抗"微生态制剂,已成为研究热点。文章结合国内外研究进展,从饲用益生芽孢杆菌应用分类、功能机制、菌株安全标准、畜禽无抗养殖生产效果和前沿展望方面作以综述,为饲用益生芽孢杆菌的无抗养殖应用推广提供理论参考。  相似文献