Biochemical Changes in Freshwater Prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii During Larval Development     

Paymon  Roustaian Mohd Salleh  Kamarudin Hishamuddin Bin  Omar Che Roos  Saad Mansor Haji  Ahmad 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2001,32(1):53-59

Abstract.— Quantitative changes in the protein, lipid and carbohydrate were studied in the early larval stages of developing freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii reared under fed and starved conditions to understand the relative importance of these nutrients in energy metabolism of the growing larvae. Larvae obtained from several females were stocked into three 250-L tanks at a density of 30 larvae/L. The feeding regime consisted of newly hatched Artemia nauplii. Protein was always the major organic constituent followed by lipids and then carbohydrates of both fed and starved larvae. Protein levels of both fed and starved larvae increased during development, suggesting an important role in morphogenesis. The decline of lipid during the larval growth that was more rapid for starved larvae, suggests a probable utilization of lipid as the major metabolic source of energy. Carbohydrates formed less than 5 and 2.4% of the larval dry weight of fed and starved larvae, respectively, suggesting their limited role in larval metabolism.  相似文献   

Nutritional significance of amino acids,vitamins and minerals as nutraceuticals in poultry production and health – a comprehensive review     

Mahmoud Alagawany  Shaaban S. Elnesr  Mayada R. Farag  Ruchi Tiwari  Mohd. Iqbal Yatoo  Kumaragurubaran Karthik  Izabela Michalak  Kuldeep Dhama 《The Veterinary quarterly》2021,41(1):1

Nutraceuticals have gained immense importance in poultry science recently considering the nutritional and beneficial health effects of their constituents. Besides providing nutritional requirements to birds, nutraceuticals have beneficial pharmacological effects, for example, they help in establishing normal physiological health status, prevent diseases and thereby improve production performance. Nutraceuticals include amino acids, vitamins, minerals, enzymes, etc. which are important for preventing oxidative stress, regulating the immune response and maintaining normal physiological, biochemical and homeostatic mechanisms. Nutraceuticals help in supplying nutrients in balanced amounts for supporting the optimal growth performance in modern poultry flocks, and as a dietary supplement can reduce the use of antibiotics. The application of antibiotic growth enhancers in poultry leads to the propagation of antibiotic-resistant microbes and drug residues; therefore, they have been restricted in many countries. Thus, there is a demand for natural feed additives that lead to the same growth enhancement without affecting the health. Nutraceuticals substances have an essential role in the development of the animals’ normal physiological functions and in protecting them against infectious diseases. In this review, the uses of amino acids, vitamins and minerals as well as their mode of action in growth promotion and elevation of immune system are discussed.  相似文献   

Comparison of effectiveness of introduced barn owls,Tyto javanica javanica,and rodenticide treatments on rat control in oil palm plantations     

Zainal Abidin  Cik Mohd Rizuan  Mohd Noor  Hafidzi  Hamid  Noor Hisham  Ravindran  Shakinah  Puan  Chong Leong  Kasim  Azhar  Salim  Hasber 《Journal of pest science》2022,95(2):1009-1022

Journal of Pest Science - In Peninsular Malaysia, barn owls (Tyto javanica javanica) have been utilized as biological control of rats since the 1960s. In this study, the impact of introduced barn...  相似文献   

Limited host range in the idiobiont parasitoid Phymastichus coffea,a prospective biological control agent of the coffee pest Hypothenemus hampei in Hawaii     

Yousuf  Fazila  Follett  Peter A.  Gillett  Conrad P. D. T.  Honsberger  David  Chamorro  Lourdes  Johnson  M. Tracy  Giraldo-Jaramillo  Marisol  Benavides-Machado  Pablo  Wright  Mark G. 《Journal of pest science》2021,94(4):1183-1195

Phymastichus coffea LaSalle (Hymenoptera:Eulophidae) is an adult endoparasitoid of the coffee berry borer, Hypothenemus hampei (Ferrari) (Coleoptera:Curculionidae:Scolytinae), which has been introduced in many coffee producing countries as a biological control agent. To determine the effectiveness of P. coffea against H. hampei and environmental safety for release in Hawaii, we investigated the host selection and parasitism response of adult females to 43 different species of Coleoptera, including 23 Scolytinae (six Hypothenemus species and 17 others), and four additional Curculionidae. Non-target testing included Hawaiian endemic, exotic and beneficial coleopteran species. Using a no-choice laboratory bioassay, we demonstrated that P. coffea was only able to parasitize the target host H. hampei and four other adventive species of Hypothenemus: H. obscurus, H. seriatus, H. birmanus and H. crudiae. Hypothenemus hampei had the highest parasitism rate and shortest parasitoid development time of the five parasitized Hypothenemus spp. Parasitism and parasitoid emergence decreased with decreasing phylogenetic relatedness of the Hypothenemus spp. to H. hampei, and the most distantly related species, H. eruditus, was not parasitized. These results suggest that the risk of harmful non-target impacts is low because there are no native species of Hypothenemus in Hawaii, and P. coffea could be safely introduced for classical biological control of H. hampei in Hawaii.

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The Potential for Replacement of Live Feeds in Larval Culture   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

David A.  Jones  Mohd. Salleh  Kamarudin Lewis Le  Vay 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》1993,24(2):199-210

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Assessment of molecular genetic diversity of 384 chickpea genotypes and development of core set of 192 genotypes for chickpea improvement programs     

Fayaz  Humara  Mir  Asma Hamid  Tyagi  Sandhya  Wani  Aijaz A.  Jan  Nelofar  Yasin  Mohammad  Mir  Javid Iqbal  Mondal  Biswajit  Khan  Mohd Anwar  Mir  Reyazul Rouf 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2022,69(3):1193-1205

Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution - Cicer arietinum L. (chickpea) is one of the most significant legume crops domesticated in the Fertile Crescent. This study was aimed to characterize a diverse...  相似文献   

The origin of mangosteen: A review     

Shaharudin  Mohamad Azimi  Zaki  Noorhariza Mohd  Saleh  Mohd Nazre  Mohd Noor  Normah  Midin  Mohd Razik 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2022,69(7):2291-2299

Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution - Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana var. mangostana) is an obligate apomictic species which does not require a fertilization process to produce seeds. The absence...  相似文献   

Assessment of Water Quality Status for the Selangor River in Malaysia     

Mohamad Ali Fulazzaky  Teng Wee Seong  Mohd Idrus Mohd Masirin 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2010,205(1-4):63-77

Water quality degradation in the Selangor River will still be present in the years to come since pollutant loads from poultry farms, municipal wastewaters, and industrial wastewaters are not envisaged to be handled effectively. This will be facing the problems of water quality status to use for multiple purposes and to provide its aquatic environment continuously. The water quality evaluation system is used to assess the water quality condition in the river. This system distinguishes two categories of water condition i.e., the water quality index and water quality aptitude. The assessment of water quality for the Selangor River from nine stations along the main stream, which concludes that water has been highly polluted (index 5) immediately downstream of station 02 Selangor River before confluence with Kubu River due to high concentration of microorganisms and immediately downstream of station 06 Selangor River before confluence with Batang Kali River due to high concentrations of microorganisms and suspended particles, was verified. Mineral micropollutants were found to gradually pollute the stream water, ranging from the unpolluted water (index 1) in the upstream to the bad quality (index 4) in the downstream area.  相似文献   

Comparative mapping and discovery of segregation distortion and linkage disequilibrium across the known fragrance chromosomal regions in a rice F2 population     

Farahnaz Sadat Golestan Hashemi  Mohd Y. Rafii  Mohd Razi Ismail  Mahmud Tengku Muda Mohamed  Harun A. Rahim  Mohamad Abd Latif  Farzad Aslani 《Euphytica》2015,204(3):557-569

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Recent advances in molecular marker techniques: Insight into QTL mapping,GWAS and genomic selection in plants     

Sajad Majeed Zargar  Bodo Raatz  Humira Sonah  MuslimaNazir  Javid A. Bhat  Zahoor Ahmad Dar  Ganesh Kumar Agrawal  Randeep Rakwal 《Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology》2015,18(5):293-308

Recent advances in sequencing technology have brought several novel platforms for marker development and subsequent genotyping. The high-throughput and cost effective marker techniques have changed the entire scenario of marker applications. The huge genotypic data obtained with next generation sequencing (NGS) also demands analytical tools, statistical advances, and comprehensive understanding to cope with breeding applications. In the present review, we discussed different available marker techniques, their strengths, and limitations. Emphasis was given on software tools, analytical pipelines, workbenches, and online resources available for marker development. Comparison of SNP genotyping involving complexity reduction techniques like GBS, RRL, RAD, and array-based platforms were presented in a view to describe suitability for specific purposes. We found that genotyping by whole genome re-sequencing has great potential, and could be a routine application in the near future with continuously decreasing cost of sequencing. Microsatellites, still a valuable option for breeders, have also advanced with NGS. Here a catalogue of tools for microsatellite evaluation in short sequence reads was provided. The most common applications of molecular marker like QTL mapping, genome-wide association mapping (GWAS), and genomic selection were highlighted. The present review will be helpful for the effective utilization of available resources and for the planning of crop improvement programs employing molecular marker techniques.  相似文献