Hybrid breeding for biomass yield in winter triticale: II. Combining ability and hybrid prediction     

Johannes Trini  Hans Peter Maurer  Sigrid Weissmann  Tobias Würschum 《Plant Breeding》2020,139(5):906-915

Accurate hybrid prediction and knowledge about the relative contribution of general (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) are of utmost importance for efficient hybrid breeding. We therefore evaluated 91 triticale single-cross hybrids in field trials at seven environments for plant height, heading time, fresh biomass, dry matter content and dry biomass. Fresh and dry biomass showed the highest proportion (23%) of variance due to SCA. Prediction accuracies based on GCA were slightly higher than based on mid-parent values. Utilizing parental kinship information yielded the highest prediction accuracies when both parental lines have been tested in other hybrid combinations, but still moderate-to-low prediction accuracies for two untested parents. Thus, hybrid prediction for biomass traits in triticale is currently promising based on mid-parent values as emphasized by our simulation study, but can be expected to shift to GCA-based prediction with an increasing importance of GCA due to selection in hybrid breeding. Moreover, the performance of potential hybrids between newly developed lines can be predicted with moderate accuracy using genomic relationship information.  相似文献   

Spiro N‐methoxy piperidine ring containing aryldiones for the control of sucking insects and mites: discovery of spiropidion     

Michel Muehlebach  Anke Buchholz  Werner Zambach  Juergen Schaetzer  Miriam Daniels  Ottmar Hueter  Daniel P Kloer  Rob Lind  Peter Maienfisch  Andy Pierce  Thomas Pitterna  Tomas Smejkal  David Stafford  Laura Wildsmith 《Pest management science》2020,76(10):3440-3450

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Three dimensional (3D) spatial metrics for objects     

Kedron  Peter  Zhao  Yun  Frazier  Amy E. 《Landscape Ecology》2019,34(9):2123-2132

Landscape Ecology - The increasing availability of lidar data and structure from motion processing techniques is moving pattern metric research toward the development of three-dimensional (3D)...  相似文献   

Spatiotemporal patterns of mountain whitefish (Prosopium williamsoni) in response to a restoration of longitudinal connectivity          下载免费PDF全文

Peter M. Kiffney  Ben Cram  Paul L. Faulds  Karl Burton  Michele Koehler  Thomas P. Quinn 《Ecology of Freshwater Fish》2018,27(4):1037-1053

To examine the role of longitudinal connectivity on the spatial and temporal dynamics of mountain whitefish (Prosopium williamsoni), we quantified movement and population dynamics following installation of the Landsburg Dam fishway, Cedar River, WA, USA. Mountain whitefish is widely distributed, poorly studied and not the focus of restoration. Before the fishway, mountain whitefish were not observed above the dam. Here, we focus on snorkel counts collected at reach and mesohabitat (e.g. pools) scales over 11 summers on the 20‐km above‐dam segment following restoration. A camera within the ladder provided number, size and movement timing, thereby informing on behaviour and recolonisation. Segment‐scale abundance increased following fish passage reaching an asymptote in 7 years, and mountain whitefish were detected throughout the main stem in 10 years. Annual movement through the ladder increased over time and was positively correlated with instream abundance and discharge, but negatively correlated with water temperature. About 60% of fish movements occurred in spring and early summer, potentially for foraging opportunities. Reach‐scale abundance peaked between 7 and 10 km from the dam; deep, cool (~10.6 to 11.6°C) conditions characterised these reaches. At the mesohabitat scale, mountain whitefish detection increased with depth and velocity after accounting for distance from the dam. Our results show how restoring longitudinal connectivity allowed this nontarget species to colonise newly available habitat. Their response supports the critical roles of longitudinal connectivity and environmental conditions, that manifest at different spatial scales, in dictating how freshwater fish respond to habitat disturbance.  相似文献   

Vitamins in Canine Metabolism     

H. E. Robinson  L. D. Frederick 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》1941,5(10):288-291

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The pathology of disseminated Aspergillus terreus infection in dogs     

M J Kabay  W F Robinson  C R Huxtable  R McAleer 《Veterinary pathology》1985,22(6):540-547

Disseminated Aspergillus terreus infection was diagnosed in ten previously healthy adult dogs--nine German shepherds and one dalmatian. The disease was characterized by the presence of multiple granulomas and infarcts in a wide range of organs. The kidney, spleen, and skeletal system were most commonly and severely affected. Fungal hyphae were demonstrated in large numbers within granulomas and thrombi, and A. terreus was readily isolated by culture. This disseminated mycosis appears unique; in this series of cases there was no apparent predisposing factor, portal of entry, or primary focus for dissemination of the infection.  相似文献   

Analysis and pharmacokinetics of cimaterol in growing Holstein steers.     

T M Byrem  T F Robinson  Y R Boisclair  A W Bell  W S Schwark  D H Beermann 《Journal of animal science》1992,70(12):3812-3819

Pharmacokinetic parameters for the beta 2-adrenergic agonist, cimaterol (CIM), were determined in growing Holstein steers. Compartmental analysis was used after measurement of CIM in body fluids by affinity chromatography and HPLC using UV detection. Recoveries from spiked plasma and urine standards were 70 +/- 1.2% and 68 +/- 1.1%, respectively. The minimum detection level in plasma was 1 ng/mL and the average CV was 5.1% for concentrations that ranged from 1 to 30 ng/mL. Four steers (276 +/- 24 kg) received 15 mg of CIM by bolus intravenous injection. Plasma CIM levels declined in a biphasic manner with half-lives of 2.5 min for the distribution phase and 54 min for the elimination phase. A two-compartment open model was used to describe the disappearance of CIM and the following pharmacokinetic parameters were obtained: central compartment volume (Vc) = .76 L/kg, apparent volume of distribution (Vd) = 4.1 L/kg, and transfer rate constants from the central to peripheral compartment (k12) = .177/min, from the peripheral to central compartment (k21) = .054/min and elimination from the central compartment (kel) = .074/min. After 8 h, total urinary CIM accounted for only 18.3% of the administered dose. Results suggest that circulating concentrations of CIM in growing steers are influenced by its accumulation in an unidentified peripheral pool and its conversion into unknown metabolite(s) before elimination.  相似文献   

Inheritance of myotonic discharges in American quarter horses and the relationship to hyperkalemic periodic paralysis.          下载免费PDF全文

J M Naylor  J A Robinson  E C Crichlow    J E Steiss 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》1992,56(1):62-66

Electromyography (EMG) was used to detect myotonic discharges in Quarter Horse breeding stock and to follow the results of mating horses with hyperkalemic periodic paralysis (HPP). The studies were performed on two brood mare farms. A total of six breeding stock showed myotonic discharges and 15 were nonmyotonic. Myotonic discharges were seen in five of six horses belonging to the blood line previously implicated as being predisposed to HPP. Two of these horses had shown clinical signs of HPP. Only one of 15 breeding horses unrelated to the HPP predisposed blood line showed myotonic discharges. When both parents were non-myotonic on EMG than the F1 generation (n = 6) were also nonmyotonic. When a stallion with HPP and myotonic discharges was mated to eight nonmyotonic mares over a six year period half the animals of the F1 generation (n = 25) showed myotonic discharges. When both parents showed myotonic discharges four F1 offspring were myotonic and two were nonmyotonic on EMG testing. There was no evidence of sex linkage. The results are consistent with an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance. Hyperkalemic periodic paralysis and myotonic discharges on EMG may be different manifestations of the same underlying defect.  相似文献   

Obituary: Dr. William J. Dorward          下载免费PDF全文

W.G.D. Yates  Peter Ide 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1992,33(8):492

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Evaluation of a combined penetrometer for simultaneous measurement of penetration resistance and soil water content     

Yurui Sun  Peter Schulze Lammers  Daokun Ma 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》2004,167(6):745-751

A combined penetrometer is an appropriate tool to measure the soil cone resistance and the water‐content profile. As a relatively new technique, a combined capacitance‐penetrometer for the simultaneous measurement of cone index and soil water content was developed at the Department of Agricultural Engineering of Bonn University in 2002. The objective of this study was the evaluation of the effectiveness and applicability of the innovated penetrometer with a focus on three aspects: (1) A capacitance sensor with two electrode configurations was calibrated for silt loam, sandy loam, and sand. The calibration results show that both electrode configurations have sufficient water‐content sensitivity, but soil‐specific calibrations seem necessary. (2) Under laboratory conditions, the dynamic resolution and response of the capacitance‐penetrometer were validated, and its radius of influence was determined. (3) The field measurement results demonstrate that this measurement technique can be used to improve the interpretation quality of soil cone index data.  相似文献