人兽共患病专题讲座 人兽共患病的现状与防制(三)——动物结核病   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

金鑫  苏敬良 《动物保健》2004,(6)

结核病是由结核分枝杆菌引起的一种具有强烈传染性的慢性消耗性人畜共患疾病。近年来,由于人口的增长、流动人口的增加、艾滋病毒感染的传播,使结核病发病率下降缓慢,有的国家和地区还有所回升。全球每年新发病人数800～1000万,每年死亡人数高达300万。我国的情况亦不容乐观。全国活动性肺结核病人约500万人,结核病传染源约200万人,每年因结核病死亡15万人。我国现在是全球22个结核病高负担国家之一,结核病人数居世界第二位,疫情的严重性仅次于印度。人的结核病不仅是一个公共卫生问题,也是一个社会经济问题,已引起各国政府的高度重视,而动…  相似文献   

单抗捕捉ELISA检测AEV抗体方法的研究   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

杨建民  秦卓明  苏敬良  赵继勋  郝永新 《动物医学进展》2002,23(1):72-75

本研究初步建立了检测ＡＥＶ抗体的单抗捕捉ＥＬＩＳＡ　方法。ＡＥＶ腹水单抗（腹水效价为１　∶１×１０６）最佳稀释度为１∶２００，ＡＥＶ抗原工作浓度为１６．０８　μｇ／ｍＬ，血清稀释度为１∶１　００，　兔抗鸡酶标抗体工作浓度为１∶５００。经阻断试验、交叉试验、重复试验，以及与进口试剂　盒　进行平行检测４０份血清，总符合率为９２．５％，表明该方法特异性强、重复性好、敏感性高，　是一种有应用前景的方法。  相似文献   

一种与鸭鹅呼吸道病相关的新细菌--考诺尼亚属     

刘文华  苏敬良 《中国家禽》2004,8(Z1):233-235

鸭疫里默氏菌(Riemerella anatipestifer,RA)主要侵害雏鸭,也可感染雏鹅和雏火鸡等其它禽类。由该菌引起的鸭疫里默氏菌病呈世界范围分布,目前已成为危害养鸭业的主要细菌性传染病。近年来发现一种能引起鸭鹅呼吸道感染的新细菌,该菌的临床症状与RA相似。1994-1995年期间,在德国北部从30％以上的败血症死亡的商品鸭中分离到一种类RA菌,这些菌株大多是从患病鸭鹅的呼吸道和脑组织等处分离得到。这些病例的症状和病变与RA引起的渗出性败血症感染很相似。其实早在1978年就曾在德国的番鸭中分离到该类细菌,此后又相继在德国的北京鸭、番鸭、鹅分离到。我国目前尚未见报道。  相似文献   

免疫接种失败的原因及对策     

Qure.  AA 陈会新 《浙江畜牧兽医》1992,17(2):49-51

免疫接种仍然是家禽许多传染病的最有效的预防手段。免疫接种的失败,往往引起传染病的爆发,特别是在发展中国家。调查表明,对各种疫苗有关知识(如疫苗的剂量、保存及免疫接种方法)的缺乏,是免疫失败的主要原因。疫苗是无法取代粗劣的管理的,事实往往被人们忽视。在粗劣管理的条件下,动物机体不能产生人们所期望的免疫反应。许多国家已用增加家禽产量来弥补所谓的“蛋白质缺口”。但很少甚至没有基础设施,象诊断设备,免疫状况监测手段等。另一方面,家禽饲养场常集中在大城市郊区,病原微生物易于扩散,同时饲养不同  相似文献   

鸡毒支原体油乳剂灭活苗和弱毒苗的免疫效力测定   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

吴清民  裴建武  苏敬良  张中直  王素英 《中国兽医杂志》2001,37(4):40-41

由鸡毒支原体引起的鸡慢性呼吸道病是鸡的一种常见、多发性传染病。该病在规模化鸡场中的分布广泛、危害很大 ,其主要的经济损失来源于 :多种日龄鸡只都可感染发病 ,使鸡群的死淘率上升 ;鸡群发病后药物的投入费用加大 ;产蛋鸡的产蛋量下降、肉鸡和生长鸡的发育受阻 ,耗料增加 ;感染的鸡群常常出现免疫抑制 ,容易继发或伴发其它疫病 ;由于垂直传染 ,常常造成出生雏鸡的死亡率增加和污染区的扩大 [1]。因此饲养者对该病的防制尤为重视。但长期以来人们对该病的防制仅仅停留于药物的预防和治疗上 ,防制效果不佳并且容易出现反复。近年来鸡慢性…  相似文献   

人兽共患病的现状与防制（八）——莱姆病     

金鑫  苏敬良 《动物保健》2005,(5):32-33

莱姆病(Lyme Dlsease)是由伯氏疏螺旋体(Borrelia burgdorferi)引起的，以硬蜱为传播媒介的一种自然疫源性人兽共患病。由于本病最初(1975年)在美国康涅狄格州的莱姆镇发现，故名莱姆病。莱姆病是一种全球性分布的疾病，已被世界卫生组织(WHO)列为应重点防治研究的新发现的传染病之一。莱姆病在我国也有广泛的分布，至少有23个省、  相似文献   

Atomic-resolution electrochemistry with the atomic force microscope: copper deposition on gold     

Manne S  Hansma PK  Massie J  Elings VB  Gewirth AA 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1991,251(4990):183-186

The atomic force microscope (AFM) was used to image an electrode surface at atomic resolution while the electrode was under potential control in a fluid electrolyte. A new level of subtlety was observed for each step of a complete electrochemical cycle that started with an Au(111) surface onto which bulk Cu was electrodeposited. The Cu was stripped down to an underpotential-deposited monolayer and finally returned to a bare Au(111) surface. The images revealed that the underpotential-deposited monolayer has different structures in different electrolytes. Specifically, for a perchloric acid electrolyte the Cu atoms are in a close-packed lattice with a spacing of 0.29 +/- 0.02 nanometer (nm). For a sulfate electrolyte they are in a more open lattice with a spacing of 0.49 +/- 0.02 nm. As the deposited Cu layer grew thicker, the Cu atoms converged to a (111)-oriented layer with a lattice spacing of 0.26 +/- 0.02 nm for both electrolytes. A terrace pattern was observed during dissolution of bulk Cu. Images were obtained of an atomically resolved Cu monolayer in one region and an atomically resolved Au substrate in another in which a 30 degrees rotation of the Cu monolayer lattice from the Au lattice is clearly visible.  相似文献   

Venus: detailed mapping of maxwell montes region     

Alexandrov YN  Crymov AA  Kotelnikov VA  Petrov GM  Rzhiga ON  Sidorenko AI  Sinilo VP  Zakharov AI  Akim EL  Basilevski AT  Kadnichanski SA  Tjuflin YS 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1986,231(4743):1271-1273

From October 1983 to July 1984, the north hemisphere of Venus, from latitude 30 degrees to latitude 90 degrees , was mapped by means of the radar imagers and altimeters of the spacecraft Venera 15 and Venera 16. This report presents the results of the radar mapping of the Maxwell Montes region, one of the most interesting features of Venus' surface. A radar mosaic map and contour map have been compiled.  相似文献   

Fascioloides magna: Occurrence in Saskatchewan and Distribution in Canada     

Wobeser G  Gajadhar AA  Hunt HM 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1985,26(8):241-244

Infection with Fascioloides magna, the large American liver fluke, was diagnosed in two moose (Alces alces) and six wapiti (Cervus elaphus) from central Saskatchewan. This is believed to be the first record of the parasite in the province. Fecal samples collected from wild wapiti at five sites in the commercial forest zone in Saskatchewan contained eggs believed to be those of F. magna. Trematode eggs were not found in feces from five captive herds of wapiti in the province, nor in samples from wild wapiti in Moose Mountain Provincial Park. Operculate eggs were found in feces of wild wapiti from Cypress Hills, but these were believed to be from trematodes other than F. magna. The distribution and significance of F. magna in Canada, based partially on responses to a mail questionnaire, are reviewed.  相似文献   

Caprine beta-Mannosidosis in Kids from an Ontario Herd     

Shapiro JL  Rostkowski C  Little PB  Smith-Maxie L  Julian RJ  Van Dreumel AA 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1985,26(5):155-158

Caprine β-mannosidosis, a fatal inherited deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme β-mannosidase, was diagnosed in neonatal female Nubian crossbred twin kids from a small herd near Guelph, Ontario. The kids had been tetraplegic since birth, with whole body tremors, abnormal nystagmus and an intention tremor of the head.  相似文献