Serological study on the occurrence of bovine leukosis in Switzerland]     

F Steck  H Kupferschmied  W Leemann  R Kaderli  W Bommeli  P Gafner  H K Sp?rri 《Schweizer Archiv für Tierheilkunde》1979,121(9):439-450

  相似文献   

Trichoderma Biocontrol of Colletotrichum acutatum and Botrytis cinerea and Survival in Strawberry   总被引：1，自引：2，他引：1  

Stanley Freeman  Dror Minz  Inna Kolesnik  Olga Barbul  Aida Zveibil  Marcel Maymon  Yehuda Nitzani  Benny Kirshner  Dalia Rav-David  Alon Bilu  Arnon Dag  Sharoni Shafir  Yigal Elad 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2004,110(4):361-370

Trichoderma isolates are known for their ability to control plant pathogens. It has been shown that various isolates of Trichoderma, including T. harzianum isolate T-39 from the commercial biological control product TRICHODEX, were effective in controlling anthracnose (Colletotrichum acutatum) and grey mould (Botrytis cinerea) in strawberry, under controlled and greenhouse conditions. Three selected Trichoderma strains, namely T-39, T-161 and T-166, were evaluated in large-scale experiments using different timing application and dosage rates for reduction of strawberry anthracnose and grey mould. All possible combinations of single, double or triple mixtures of Trichoderma strains, applied at 0.4% and 0.8% concentrations, and at 7 or 10 day intervals, resulted in reduction of anthracnose severity; the higher concentration (0.8%) was superior in control whether used with single isolates or as a result of combined application of two isolates, each at 0.4%. Only a few treatments resulted in significant control of grey mould. Isolates T-39 applied at 0.4% at 2 day intervals, T-166 at 0.4%, or T-161 combined with T-39 at 0.4% were as effective as the chemical fungicide fenhexamide. The survival dynamics of populations of the Trichoderma isolates (T-39, T-105, T-161 and T-166) applied separately was determined by dilution plating and isolates in the mixtures calculated according to the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using repeat motif primers. The biocontrol isolates were identified to the respective species T. harzianum (T-39), T. hamatum (T-105), T. atroviride (T-161) and T. longibrachiatum (T-166), according to internal transcribed spacer sequence analysis.  相似文献   

Variation in parasitoid attraction to herbivore-infested plants and alternative host plant cover mediate tritrophic interactions at the landscape scale     

Aartsma  Yavanna  Hao  Yueyi  Dicke  Marcel  van der Werf  Wopke  Poelman  Erik H.  Bianchi  Felix J. J. A. 《Landscape Ecology》2020,35(4):907-919

Landscape Ecology - Tritrophic interactions may be affected by local factors and the broader landscape context. At small spatial scales, carnivorous enemies of herbivorous insects use...  相似文献   

马达加斯加的热带森林   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

苏志尧  陈北光 《华南农业大学学报》2002,23(3):28-32

马达加斯加是非洲大陆的离岛。天然森林类型复杂多样。原生性的森林群落主要为常绿林，落叶林以及多刺、肉质的落叶灌木丛。在不同类型的岩石露头发育着岩生矮林；高山上可见山顶矮林，滨海湿地则为红树林。马达加斯加的森林有着独特的植物和动物种类，有着巨大的生物多样性。但由于人类长期对其生境的破坏，不少动物种类已处于濒危状态。到目前为止，60％－85％的森林植被已遭到破坏。非持续的农业轮作是森林植被完整性的主要威胁。在某些地区，火烧林地建立牧场业是引起森林面积减少的主要因素。  相似文献   

Cucumis metuliferus reduces Meloidogyne incognita virulence against the Mi1.2 resistance gene in a tomato–melon rotation sequence     

Alejandro Expsito  Sergi García  Ariadna Gin  Nuria Escudero  Francisco Javier Sorribas 《Pest management science》2019,75(7):1902-1910

  相似文献   

Physiological and sanitary condition of the white clam Dosinia ponderosa collected from a coastal area impacted by shrimp farm effluent     

Marcel Martínez-Porchas  Susana Maria Scheuren-Acevedo  Luis Rafael Martínez-Córdova  Teresa Gollas-Galvan  Ramon H. Barraza-Guardado  Fernando Enríquez-Ocaña  Edilmar Cortés-Jacinto  Marco A. Porchas-Cornejo 《Aquaculture International》2016,24(1):243-256

  相似文献   

Diagnosis of intrapulmonary ventilation disorders     

H Sp?rri  M Denac 《Schweizer Archiv für Tierheilkunde》1970,112(9):408-419

  相似文献   

Genetic diversity and pathogenic variability among isolates of colletotrichum species from strawberry     

Denoyes-Rothan B  Guérin G  Délye C  Smith B  Minz D  Maymon M  Freeman S 《Phytopathology》2003,93(2):219-228

ABSTRACT Ninety-five isolates of Colletotrichum including 81 isolates of C. acutatum (62 from strawberry) and 14 isolates of C. gloeosporioides (13 from strawberry) were characterized by various molecular methods and pathogenicity tests. Results based on random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) polymorphism and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) 2 sequence data provided clear genetic evidence of two subgroups in C. acutatum. The first subgroup, characterized as CA-clonal, included only isolates from strawberry and exhibited identical RAPD patterns and nearly identical ITS2 sequence analysis. A larger genetic group, CA-variable, included isolates from various hosts and exhibited variable RAPD patterns and divergent ITS2 sequence analysis. Within the C. acutatum population isolated from strawberry, the CA-clonal group is prevalent in Europe (54 isolates of 62). A subset of European C. acutatum isolates isolated from strawberry and representing the CA-clonal and CA-variable groups was assigned to two pathogenicity groups. No correlation could be drawn between genetic and pathogenicity groups. On the basis of molecular data, it is proposed that the CA-clonal subgroup contains closely related, highly virulent C. acutatum isolates that may have developed host specialization to strawberry. C. gloeosporioides isolates from Europe, which were rarely observed were either slightly or nonpathogenic on strawberry. The absence of correlation between genetic polymorphism and geographical origin in Colletotrichum spp. suggests a worldwide dissemination of isolates, probably through international plant exchanges.  相似文献   

Characterization of colletotrichum isolates from tamarillo, passiflora, and mango in Colombia and identification of a unique species from the genus     

Afanador-Kafuri L  Minz D  Maymon M  Freeman S 《Phytopathology》2003,93(5):579-587

ABSTRACT This study was conducted to identify the species of Colletotrichum infecting tamarillo, mango, and passiflora in Colombia and to assess whether cross-infection between host species is occurring. Isolates of Colletotrichum spp. from tamarillo (n = 54), passiflora (n = 26), and mango (n = 15) were characterized by various molecular methods and by morphological criteria. Morphological characterization grouped the tamarillo isolates as C. acutatum and the passiflora and mango isolates as C. gloeosporioides. Species-specific primer analysis was reliable and confirmed grouping of the tamarillo isolates (besides Tom-6) as C. acutatum and the mango isolates (besides Man-76) as C. gloeosporioides. However, DNA of the passiflora isolates was not amplified by either C. acutatum- or C. gloeosporioides-specific primers, but reacted with a new primer, Col1, designed according to the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) 1 region of these isolates. Isolates Tom-6 and Man-76 also reacted positively with the Col1 primer. All the isolates reacting with the C. acutatum- and C. gloeosporioides-specific primers failed to react with primer Col1. Isolate Pass-35 from passiflora did not react with any of the taxon-specific primers. Arbitrarily primed polymerase chain reaction (ap-PCR), random amplified polymerase DNA (RAPD)-PCR, and A+T-rich DNA analyses delineated representative isolates into subgroups within the designated species. Molecular analyses indicated that the C. acutatum tamarillo isolates were uniform or clonal, whereas the C. gloeosporioides mango isolates and Colletotrichum passiflora isolates were heterogeneous. Likewise, sequence analysis of the complete ITS (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) region identified certain isolates to their respective species: tamarillo isolates as C. acutatum; mango isolates as C. gloeosporioides; passiflora, Tom-6, and Man-76 isolates as a Colletotrichum sp. as yet undefined; and the Pass-35 isolate as an additional undefined Colletot-richum sp. Molecular analyses of the population of Colletotrichum isolates from passiflora, Tom-6 from tamarillo, and Man-76 from mango indicate that this population may not be host specific.  相似文献   

Literarische Berichte     

Dr. Sp.  F. 《European Journal of Forest Research》1907,29(4):246-250

  相似文献