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Aartsma Yavanna Hao Yueyi Dicke Marcel van der Werf Wopke Poelman Erik H. Bianchi Felix J. J. A. 《Landscape Ecology》2020,35(4):907-919
Landscape Ecology - Tritrophic interactions may be affected by local factors and the broader landscape context. At small spatial scales, carnivorous enemies of herbivorous insects use... 相似文献
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Antonino Cusumano Jeffrey A Harvey Mitchel E Bourne Erik H Poelman Jetske G de Boer 《Pest management science》2020,76(2):432-443
Insect hyperparasitoids are fourth trophic level organisms that commonly occur in terrestrial food webs, yet they are relatively understudied. These top‐carnivores can disrupt biological pest control by suppressing the populations of their parasitoid hosts, leading to pest outbreaks, especially in confined environments such as greenhouses where augmentative biological control is used. There is no effective eco‐friendly strategy that can be used to control hyperparasitoids. Recent advances in the chemical ecology of hyperparasitoid foraging behavior have opened opportunities for manipulating these top‐carnivores in such a way that biological pest control becomes more efficient. We propose various infochemical‐based strategies to manage hyperparasitoids. We suggest that a push‐pull strategy could be a promising approach to ‘push’ hyperparasitoids away from their parasitoid hosts and ‘pull’ them into traps. Additionally, we discuss how infochemicals can be used to develop innovative tools improving biological pest control (i) to restrict accessibility of resources (e.g. sugars and alternative hosts) to primary parasitoid only or (ii) to monitor hyperparasitoid presence in the crop for early detection. We also identify important missing information in order to control hyperparasitoids and outline what research is needed to reach this goal. Testing the efficacy of synthetic infochemicals in confined environments is a crucial step towards the implementation of chemical ecology‐based approaches targeting hyperparasitoids. © 2019 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry. 相似文献
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van de Vis JW Poelman M Lambooij E Bégout ML Pilarczyk M 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2012,38(1):243-257
The objective was to take a first step in the development of a process-oriented quality assurance (QA) system for monitoring
and safeguarding of fish welfare at a company level. A process-oriented approach is focused on preventing hazards and involves
establishment of critical steps in a process that requires careful control. The seven principles of the Hazard Analysis Critical
Control Points (HACCP) concept were used as a framework to establish the QA system. HACCP is an internationally agreed approach
for management of food safety, which was adapted for the purpose of safeguarding and monitoring the welfare of farmed fish.
As the main focus of this QA system is farmed fish welfare assurance at a company level, it was named Fish Welfare Assurance
System (FWAS). In this paper we present the initial steps of setting up FWAS for on growing of sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax), carp (Cyprinus carpio) and European eel (Anguilla anguilla). Four major hazards were selected, which were fish species dependent. Critical Control Points (CCPs) that need to be controlled
to minimize or avoid the four hazards are presented. For FWAS, monitoring of CCPs at a farm level is essential. For monitoring
purposes, Operational Welfare Indicators (OWIs) are needed to establish whether critical biotic, abiotic, managerial and environmental
factors are controlled. For the OWIs we present critical limits/target values. A critical limit is the maximum or minimum
value to which a factor must be controlled at a critical control point to prevent, eliminate or reduce a hazard to an acceptable
level. For managerial factors target levels are more appropriate than critical limits. Regarding the international trade of
farmed fish products, we propose that FWAS needs to be standardized in aquaculture chains. For this standardization a consensus
on the concept of fish welfare, methods to assess welfare objectively and knowledge on the needs of farmed fish are required. 相似文献
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Cases of groundwater flow in anisotropic soils can be transformed to equivalent isotropic cases, and then be solved with the Laplace equation. On the basis of this principle, the Hooghoudt formula, developed for isotropic soils, has been used for calculating drain spacings in anisotropic soils. However, the Hooghoudt formula is only an approximate solution of the Laplace equation so that extension to anisotropic soils may not a priori be justified under all conditions. Results obtained with the Hooghoudt formula were compared to those obtained by numerical solutions of the Laplace equation. On the basis of this comparison, it is concluded that the Hooghoudt formula may indeed be used with reasonable confidence for drain spacing calculation in homogeneous-anisotropic soils. 相似文献
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Henrice M. Jansen Sander Van Den Burg Bas Bolman Robbert G. Jak Pauline Kamermans Marnix Poelman Marian Stuiver 《Aquaculture International》2016,24(3):735-756
Following the Blue Growth ambition of the European Commission, the interest in the potential of offshore is growing. This paper aimed to contribute to the discussion on the feasibility of offshore aquaculture development and its potential for multi-use with other maritime activities. A review of national and international projects forms the basis of the paper, where the Dutch North Sea is used as a case-study area. Analysis of technical, economic and ecological boundaries indicated that the potential of fish culture is limited, that seaweed cultivation is likely to gain potential when challenges related to processing will be overcome and that mussel culture has the highest potential in the near future. The North Sea is an area where many stakeholders claim space, which might set boundaries to the number of sites available for mussel culture. Competing claims are a potential source of conflict but may also lead to mutual benefits when smart combinations are sought, e.g. with wind parks, fisheries and nature conservation; especially, the possibility of combining mussel culture in or around wind parks is worthwhile to be further explored. A spatial distribution model adapted for the Dutch North Sea conditions demonstrated that offshore mussel production in wind farms can be profitable. Yet, the commercial interest for offshore development of mussel culture is still limited. Actions required to stimulate further development of the offshore mussel industry are presented for the government, the private sector, research institutes and civil society organizations. 相似文献
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Sander W. K. van den Burg Arie Pieter van Duijn Heleen Bartelings Marinus M. van Krimpen Marnix Poelman 《Aquaculture Economics & Management (Blackwell Science)》2016,20(3):235-252
Seaweeds are increasingly seen as an alternative to land-grown products in food and feed applications. Interest in production of seaweeds in temperate waters is rising, in particular in combination with offshore wind energy generation. This article reports an investigation of the economic feasibility of seaweed production in the North Sea using economic modelling. Often, an overly positive picture of the costs and benefits of seaweed production is sketched. Based on current available information, offshore seaweed production in the North Sea is not economically feasible. Sensitivity analysis shows that revenues would have to increase by roughly 300%, all other things equal, to make a profit. A number of opportunities to improve the economic feasibility of a North Sea seaweed value chain are identified. Technical innovation and the design of systems that enable multiple harvests per year can reduce production costs. Successful marketing of seaweed as human food, and the development of biorefinery concepts can increase the value of the produced seaweed. 相似文献
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