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排序方式: 共有221条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
S Katsuda H Hosomi M Shiomi Y Watanabe 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》1992,54(4):669-673
Effects of atherosclerosis on the mean value and daily variation of arterial pressure were studied in 12 Watanabe-heritable hyperlipidemic (WHHL) rabbits aged 12 to 35 months and 25 normal Japanese white rabbits aged 6 to 30 months. A pressure catheter was inserted through the left subclavian artery under pentobarbital anesthesia. A few days after the catheterization, the mean arterial pressure (MAP) of the rabbits, which were active and in a good state of appetite, was recorded by an analogue-to-digital converter every second for about 6 hrs and stored in a computer. The mean (M) and standard deviation (SD) in the WHHL rabbit, calculated from each successive MAP record, ranged widely from 85.8 to 131.4 mmHg and 5.6 to 12.6 mmHg, respectively. There was no significant correlation between M and SD in the WHHL rabbit. M and variance (V) of MAP in the WHHL rabbit were significantly higher than those in the normal rabbit. M did not show any significant change with increasing ages, whereas SD increased significantly with aging in the WHHL rabbit. Concentrations of serum total cholesterol and triglyceride in the WHHL rabbit were 475 and 328 mg/dl, which were about nine and seven times as high as those in the normal rabbit, respectively. Macroscopic and histopathological examinations of the aorta revealed development and spread of sclerotic lesions with aging in the WHHL rabbit. We can conclude that development of atherosclerosis with aging in the WHHL rabbit causes malfunction of the baroreceptors, which contributes to hypertension and lability of arterial pressure. 相似文献
2.
3.
Ken Katsuda Mariko Kohmoto Kenji Kawashima Hiroshi Tsunemitsu 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》2006,18(4):350-354
Fecal samples from suckling (n=153) and weaned (n=116) piglets with diarrhea in Japan were examined for shedding of viral, bacterial, and parasitic pathogens using culture, microscopic, and polymerase chain reaction methods. In suckling piglets, diarrhea was attributed to infection with a single etiologic agent in 60.8% of cases and with combinations of agents in 22.2%. In weaned piglets, diarrhea was attributed to a single etiologic agent in 43.1% and to combinations of agents in 47.4% of cases. Rotavirus was the most prevalent agent in suckling (67.3%) and weaned (65.5%) piglets. The detection of other pathogens was associated with age of the animals examined. Coccidia were predominantly isolated from suckling piglets, whereas Escherichia coli was found predominantly in weaned piglets. Although a relationship was not observed between detection rate of rotavirus and age of piglets, a single group of rotavirus was detected in 87.5% of suckling piglets whereas multiple groups were detected in 51.6% of weaned piglets. The results of this study confirm that diarrhea in piglets can, to a variable degree, be causally associated with multiple agents. Additionally, these results suggest reasons why this syndrome can be difficult to control. 相似文献
4.
Kenji Kawashima Ken Katsuda Hiroshi Tsunemitsu 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》2007,19(1):60-68
To investigate the prevalence and features of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) in Japan, an epidemiological study was conducted in 692 weaned pigs with various clinical signs, commonly including wasting or weight loss, collected from 129 swine farms between 2000 and 2003. The presence of PMWS was diagnosed by the detection of characteristic histological lesions and moderate to large amounts of porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) antigen within the lesions in multiple lymphoid tissues. Postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome was positive in 23.4% of pigs (162/692) over the course of the study, and occurred in 50.4% of the farms (65/129). Mortality in 30-120-day-old pigs in the farms positive for PMWS varied from 0.1 to 32.0%. No significant difference in mortality was seen between PMWS-positive and -negative farms (P = 0.1). However, mortality was significantly higher in the PMWS-positive farms where PMWS was diagnosed in more than 50% of the pigs examined compared to farms negative for PMWS (P = 0.02). These findings indicate that PMWS has spread widely in Japan. Moreover it may exist in variable forms in swine farms, including an epidemic form or a subtle endemic or sporadic form. A case-control study suggested that risk factors for the occurrence of PMWS include porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) pneumonias and Mycoplasma hyorhinis infection. 相似文献
5.
Fumihiko OKUMURA Takeshi SHIMOGIRI Kotaro KAWABE Shin OKAMOTO Masahide NISHIBORI Yoshio YAMAMOTO Yoshizane MAEDA 《Animal Science Journal》2006,77(2):188-195
The gene constitution of polymorphisms of the four calpain genes (µ‐calpain, m‐calpain, p94, and µ/m‐calpain) were analyzed in South‐East Asian native chickens, White Leghorn and Broiler commercial chickens, and Red and Green jungle fowl. Polymorphisms were detected at all loci in chickens and Red jungle fowl, but only for CAPN1 (µ‐calpain gene) in Green jungle fowl. CAPN2 and CAPN1.5 are linked on chicken chromosome 3, and the genotype for these loci were treated as haplotype. Some combinations of calpain loci were tested using principal component analysis, and the best combination (CAPN1, CAPN3, and CAPN1.5) was determined. The proportion of polymorphic loci (Ppoly) and heterozygosity (H?) were 1.00 and 0.316–0.465 in domestic chickens and red jungle fowl, and 0.33 and 0.137 in Green jungle fowl, respectively. GST values suggested that the degree of subdivision among native chickens was relatively low except for Thailand, which was highest. Pair‐wise FST testing, dendrogram and principal component analysis from the results of calpain loci showed that the four South‐East Asian native and commercial chicken populations were close genetically. 相似文献
6.
Spatially distributed morphological characteristics of macropores in forest soils of Hitachi Ohta Experimental Watershed, Japan 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Shoji Noguchi Yoshio Tsuboyama Roy C. Sidle Ikuhiro Hosoda 《Journal of Forest Research》1997,2(4):207-215
Morphological characteristics of macropores in forest soil profiles were investigated at Hitachi Ohta Experimental Watershed
in Japan. Nine individual profiles at different locations (various spatial scales in a catchment) and twenty profiles at one
site (a small spatial scale) were excavated to the bedrock to investigate density, origin, diameter, direction, and gradient
of macropores. Macropore densities in a soil profile ranged from 3.5 to 29.1 per m and from 5.4 to 75.1 per m2, respectively. Subsurface erosion, root channels, and interactions between subsurface erosion and root channels accounted
for 36.9, 36.5, and 19.0%, of the described macropores. The mean macropore diameter in organic-rich soil layer (17–20 mm)
was larger than in the B horizon (11–14 mm) at both spatial scales. The dominant gradients of all macropores in the organic-rich
soil layer and B horizon were at negative oblique angles. Approximately 90% of the macropores in the organic-rich soil layer
and approximately 80% of the macropores in the B horizon fell within the range between −50 and 50 degree planar direction.
Subsurface flow and root systems are believed to play important roles in determining the morphological characteristics of
macropores. These characteristics appear to have variable influences in different soil horizons rather than at different spatial
scales.
A part of this paper was presented at the 103th (1992) and 105th (1994) Annual Meetings of Japanese Forestry Society. 相似文献
7.
Kazuya KUSHIDA Urs GIGER Toshihiko TSUTSUI Megumi INABA Yoshio KONNO Kureha HAYASHI Kana NOGUCHI Akira YABUKI Keijiro MIZUKAMI Moeko KOHYAMA Yasuyuki ENDO Osamu YAMATO 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(6):743-746
Erythrocyte pyruvate kinase (PK) deficiency is an inherited glycolytic erythroenzymopathy
caused by mutations of the PKLR gene. A causative mutation of the feline
PKLR gene was originally identified in Abyssinian and Somali cats in
the U.S.A. In the present study, a TaqMan probe-based real-time PCR genotyping assay was
developed and evaluated for rapid genotyping and large-scale screening for this mutation.
Furthermore, a genotyping survey was carried out in a population of four popular purebred
cats in Japan to determine the current mutant allele frequency. The assay clearly
displayed all genotypes of feline PK deficiency, indicating its suitability for
large-scale survey as well as diagnosis. The survey demonstrated that the mutant allele
frequency in Abyssinian and Somali cats was high enough to warrant measures to control and
prevent the disease. The mutant allele frequency was relatively low in Bengal and American
Shorthair cats; however, the testing should still be carried out to prevent the spread of
the disease. In addition, PK deficiency should always be considered in the differential
diagnosis of anemia in purebred cats in Japan as well as worldwide. 相似文献
8.
Three natriuretic peptides with similar structures were isolated from eels and their amino acid sequences determined; atrial
natriuretic peptide (ANP) from atria, ventricular natriuretic peptide (VNP) from ventricles, and C-type natriuretic peptide
(CNP) from brains. All three hormones were circulating in eel blood, and their plasma levels invariably decreased when eels
were transferred from fresh water (FW) to seawater (SW). Eel ANP and VNP inhibited drinking in FW and SW eels. Eel ANP inhibited
water and Na+ absorption by the intestine of SW eels. The potency of these ANP effects was 2–3 orders greater than those of other hormones
which are known to have similar effects. Eel ANP and VNP induced antidiuresis but not antinatriuresis in FW eels. Eel ANP
increased plasma cortisol level in SW eels but not in FW eels. The antidiuretic effect and the stimulation of cortisol secretion
in eels are opposite to the ANP effects reported in mammals. These data suggest that ANP plays a complex role in the eel osmoregulation.
Résumé Trois peptides natriurétiques présentant des structures similaires ont été isolés chez l'anguille et leurs séquences en acides aminés a été déterminées; le peptide atrial natriurétique (ANP) dans l'atria, le peptide ventriculaire natriurétique (VNP) dans les ventricules et le peptide natriurétique de type C dans le cerveau. Ces trois hormones sont présents dans le sang d'anguille et leur niveau plasmatique decroit invariablement quand les anguilles sont transférées d'eau douce en eau de mer. L'ANP et le VNP d'anguille inhibent l'action de boire chez les anguilles d'eau douce et d'eau de mer. L'ANP d'anguille inhibe l'absorption d'eau et de Na+ par l'intestin d'anguille en eau de mer. Ces effets de l'ANP sont 2 à 3 fois plus grands que ceux observés avec d'autres hormones qui sont connues pour avoir des effets similaires. L'ANP et le VNP d'anguille induisent l'antidiurèse mais pas l'antinatriurèse chez les anguilles d'eau douce. L'ANP d'anguille augmente chez ce poisson les niveaux de cortisol plasmatique en eau de mer mais pas en eau douce. L'effet antidiurétique et la stimulation de la sécrétion de cortisol chez l'anguille sont contraire aux effets de l'ANP observés chez les mammifères. Ces résultats suggèrent que l'ANP joue un role complexe dans l'osmorégulation de l'anguille.相似文献
9.
Nilton G. Marengoni Yoshio Onoue Tetsuo Oyama 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》1998,29(1):108-113
Hybridization between Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (Local and Stirling University strains) and blue tilapia O. aureus was found to be a tool to produce monosex populations. In order to select a purebred that produces all- or nearly all-male hybrids with high productivity, O. niloticus females and their diploid gynogenetics (meiogynes and mitogynes) were hybridized with O. aureus males. The sex ratio of progenies was evaluated from inter- and intraspecific crosses of two strains of Nile tilapia. Single-pair matings and group spawns under hatchery conditions showed no deviation ( P > 0.01) from the expected sex ratio of intraspecific crosses among two strains of Nile tilapia. However, a higher proportion of male progenies in blue tilapia was observed in group spawns in pond ( P < 0.004) and hatchery conditions ( P < 0.01). Only the Stirling strain and mitogynes produced all-male progenies under laboratory conditions. There were significant differences ( P < 0.05) in growth among hybrid progeny groups, when gynogens and their regular O. niloticus (Local strain) females were crossed with O. aureus males. Six-month hybrid offspring from mitogyne female parents grew better than those from regular and meiogyne female broods. 相似文献
10.