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1.
Cortés-Avendaño Paola Tarvainen Marko Suomela Jukka-Pekka Glorio-Paulet Patricia Yang Baoru Repo-Carrasco-Valencia Ritva 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2020,75(2):184-191
Plant Foods for Human Nutrition - The evaluation of the level of alkaloids in edible Lupinus species is crucial from a food safety point of view. Debittering of lupin seeds has a long history;... 相似文献
2.
Crystallinity of wood and the size of cellulose crystallites in Norway spruce (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Picea abies</Emphasis>) 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
Seppo?Andersson Ritva?SerimaaEmail author Timo?Paakkari Pekka?Saranp?? Erkki?Pesonen 《Journal of Wood Science》2003,49(6):531-537
X-ray diffraction was used to study variations in the crystallinity of wood and the average thickness and length of the crystallites of cellulose as a function of the number of the year ring in Norway spruce [Picea abies (L.) Karst.]. The crystallinity increased from ring 4 to ring 10 from the pith and was constant after ring 10. The crystallinity of mature wood was about 30% ± 5%. The average thickness and average length of the crystallites were 3.2 ± 0.1nm and 28 ± 2nm, respectively; and no systematic variation of these values with the number of the year ring was observed. The mean microfibril angle decreased near the pith but was constant in the mature wood. 相似文献
3.
Ritva Kaikkonen Kati Niinist? Benjamin Sykes Marjukka Anttila Satu Sankari Marja Raekallio 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》2014,56(1):35
Background
Recurrent colic and unexplained weight loss despite good appetite and adequate feeding and management practices are common conditions in the horse. However, little information has been published on the systematic diagnostic evaluation, response to treatment, prognostic factors or outcome of either presentation. The aims of this study were to 1) identify possible prognostic indicators and 2) report the short- and long-term response to treatment with corticosteroid therapy of a variety of horses with a presumptive diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).Thirty-six horses with a history of recurrent colic and/or unexplained weight loss were screened with a detailed clinical, clinicopathological and diagnostic imaging examination. Twenty horses were subsequently selected that had findings consistent with inflammatory bowel disease based on the fulfilment of one or more of the following additional inclusion criteria: hypoproteinaemia, hypoalbuminaemia, malabsorption, an increased intestinal wall thickness on ultrasonographic examination or histopathological changes in rectal biopsy. These 20 horses were treated with a standardized larvicidal anthelmintic regime and a minimum of three weeks of corticosteroid therapy.Results
The initial response to treatment was good in 75% (15/20) of horses, with a 3-year survival rate of 65% (13/20). The overall 3-year survival in horses that responded to initial treatment (12/15) was significantly higher (P = 0.031) than in those that did not respond to initial treatment (1/5). The peak xylose concentration was significantly (P = 0.048) higher in survivors (1.36 ± 0.44 mmol/L) than non-survivors (0.94 ± 0.36 mmol/L).Conclusions
The overall prognosis for long-term survival in horses with a presumptive diagnosis of IBD appears to be fair to moderate, and the initial response to anthelmintic and corticosteroid therapy could be a useful prognostic indicator. The findings of the present study suggest that a low peak xylose concentration in absorption testing is associated with a less favourable prognosis, supporting the use of this test. 相似文献4.
5.
Jose Martin Ramos Diaz Satu Kirjoranta Seppo Tenitz Paavo A. Penttilä Ritva Serimaa Anna-Maija Lampi Kirsi Jouppila 《Journal of Cereal Science》2013
Amaranth (Amaranthus caudatus), quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) and kañiwa (Chenopodium pallidicaule) are pseudocereals regarded as good gluten-free sources of protein and fiber. A co-rotating twin screw extruder was used to obtain corn-based extrudates containing amaranth/quinoa/kañiwa (20% of solids). Box–Behnken experimental design with three independent variables was used: water content of mass (WCM, 15–19%), screw speed (SS, 200–500 rpm) and temperature of the die (TEM, 150–170 °C). Milled and whole samples were stored in open headspace vials at 11 and 76% relative humidity (RH) for a week before being sealed and stored for 9 weeks in the dark. Hexanal content was determined by using headspace gas chromatography. Extrudates containing amaranth presented the highest sectional expansion index (SEI) (p < 0.01) while pure corn extrudates (control) presented the lowest SEI and greatest hardness (p < 0.01). SEI increased with increasing SS and decreasing WCM. In storage, whole extrudates exposed to 76% RH presented the lowest formation of hexanal. This study proved that it was possible to increase SEI by adding amaranth, quinoa and kañiwa to pure corn flour. The evaluation of lipid oxidation suggested a remarkable stability of whole extrudates after exposure to high RH. 相似文献
6.
Juha Kaitera Ritva Hiltunen Tuomas Kauppila Jarkko Hantula 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2017,148(2):367-377
Fusarium is one of the most destructive fungal genera whose members cause many diseases on plants, animals, and humans. Moreover, many Fusarium species secrete mycotoxins (e.g. trichothecenes and fumonisins) that are toxic to humans and animals. Fusarium isolates from date palm trees showing disease symptoms, e.g. chlorosis, necrosis and whitening, were collected from seven regions across Saudi Arabia. After single-sporing, the fungal strains were morphologically characterized. To confirm the identity of morphologically characterized Fusarium strains, three nuclear loci, two partial genes of translation elongation factor 1 α (tef1α) and β-tubulin (tub2), and the rDNA-ITS region, were amplified and sequenced. Of the 70 Fusarium strains, 70 % were identified as F. proliferatum that were recovered from six regions across Saudi Arabia. Fusarium solani (13 %), as well as one strain each of the following species: F. brachygibbosum, F. oxysporum, and F. verticillioides were also recovered. In addition, five Fusarium-like strains were recognized as Sarocladium kiliense by DNA-based data. The preliminary in vitro pathogenicity results showed that F. proliferatum had the highest colonization abilities on date palm leaflets, followed by F. solani. Although F. oxysporum f. sp. albedinis is the most serious date palm pathogen, F. proliferatum and F. solani are becoming serious pathogens and efforts should be made to restrict and control them. In addition, the potential toxin risks of strains belonging to F. proliferatum should be evaluated. 相似文献
7.
Marko Peura Klaas Kölln Ingo Grotkopp Pekka Saranpää Martin Müller Ritva Serimaa 《Wood Science and Technology》2007,41(7):565-583
The effect of strain on dry, clear Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) wood was studied by tensile testing along the cell axis and by in situ X-ray diffraction measurements. The mean
microfibril angle (MFA) was initially 3–12 degrees and did not decrease due to strain. Based on the positions of the reflections
200 and 004 of crystalline cellulose, cellulose chains elongated and the distance between the hydrogen bonded sheets of chains decreased
due to the strain. The elongation of the unit cell parallel to the cellulose chains was twice as high in juvenile wood as
in mature wood. The (X-ray) Poisson ratio ν
ca
for crystalline cellulose in Norway spruce was calculated from the deformation of the unit cell. The average ν
ca
of earlywood was 0.28 ± 0.10 in juvenile wood and 0.38 ± 0.23 in mature wood. In latewood, the average ν
ca
was 0.48 ± 0.10 in juvenile wood and 0.82 ± 0.11 in mature wood. The average ν
ca
values were not directly correlated to the crystallite dimensions or to the mean MFA in juvenile and mature earlywood and
latewood. The results show that the amorphous matrix has a definite effect on the deformation of cellulose crystallites. 相似文献
8.
Kari Pirkkalainen Marko Peura Kirsi Lepp?nen Ari Salmi Antti Meril?inen Pekka Saranp?? Ritva Serimaa 《Wood Science and Technology》2012,46(6):1113-1125
Secondary xylem of Norway spruce was studied by X-ray microanalysis. Average dimensions of cellulose crystallites, fraction of oriented cellulose, mean microfibril angle, and nutrient element concentrations of K, Ca, Mn, and Zn were simultaneously determined using microfocused synchrotron radiation and a combination of X-ray diffraction and X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy techniques. The variation of these quantities in the microscopic size scale was noticeable, and similar between samples taken from the same annual ring. The mean microfibril angle and the nutrient concentrations of Ca, Mn, and Zn showed a correlation. The mean values of the structural parameters and their variation as a function of the annual ring were similar as reported in previous studies on Norway spruce. 相似文献
9.
The effect of addition of flours from the highly nutritious Andean crops quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa), kañiwa (Chenopodium pallidicaule), kiwicha (Amaranthus caudatus), and tarwi (Lupinus mutabilis) has been investigated in wheat doughs and fresh bread quality. The thermomechanical profile of wheat doughs and bread quality has been explored by increasing substitution of wheat flour at 0–100% by Andean crop flours. Dough blends were evaluated using the Chopin Mixolab device, whereas bread quality assessment comprised sensory (overall acceptability) and physicochemical (moisture, specific volume, texture, color) determinations in composite breads. In general, no breads with aerated crumb structure could be obtained from 100% Andean crop flours, with the exception of quinoa breads that had overall sensory values about half a completely perfect score, and which were not significantly different from the breads made from a 50:50 blend of wheat and quinoa. Replacement of wheat flour by ≤12.5% (tarwi), 25% (kañiwa), and 50% (kiwicha), respectively, still produced breads with good sensory acceptability but variable color and doughs with acceptable thermomechanical patterns. Partial substitution of wheat flour by Andean crop flours constitutes a viable option to improve the nutritional value of the breads, with acceptable technological performance of dough blends and composite breads. 相似文献
10.
Petkeviciene J Klumbiene J Prättälä R Paalanen L Pudule I Kasmel A 《Public health nutrition》2007,10(5):518-523
OBJECTIVE: To examine educational differences among people who consume foods containing fat in Finland and the Baltic countries. DESIGN: Data were collected from cross-sectional postal Finbalt Health Monitor surveys that were carried out in 1998, 2000 and 2002. SETTING: Estonia, Finland, Latvia and Lithuania. SUBJECTS: For each survey, nationally representative random samples of adults aged 20-64 years were drawn from population registers (Estonia, n = 3656; Finland, n = 9354, Latvia, n = 6015; Lithuania, n = 5944). RESULTS: Differences were revealed between the countries in the consumption of foods that contain fat. Finnish people consumed butter on bread, high-fat milk, meat and meat products, and vegetable oil for cooking less frequently than people in the Baltic countries. Cheese was most popular in Finland. Educational differences in fat-related food habits were examined by applying logistic regression analysis. A positive association was found between level of education and consumption of vegetable oil used in food preparation. Drinking high-fat milk was associated with low education in all countries. People with higher education tended to consume cheese more often. Educational patterns in the consumption of butter on bread and in the consumption of meat and meat products differed between countries. CONCLUSIONS: The consumption of foods containing fat was related to educational levels in all four countries. The diet of better-educated people was closer to recommendations for the consumption of saturated and unsaturated fats than the diet of people with lower level of education. The educational gradient was more consistent in Finland than in the Baltic countries. These existing educational differences in sources of fat consumed should be taken into account in the development of national cardiovascular disease prevention programmes. 相似文献