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Temperature signals contribute to the timing of photoperiodic growth cessation and bud set in poplar
Bud set, the cornerstone delimiting the seasonal growth period in trees, is the dynamic net result of the often photoperiod-controlled growth cessation and the subsequent bud formation. Here, we show that in hybrid poplar, the critical day length for growth cessation and the duration of bud formation each vary with local climatic conditions in identical genotypes. The detailed dissection of bud set suggests temperature as one additional environmental factor that modifies the sensitivity to day-length signals at growth cessation and influences the duration of bud formation in poplar. The ability of perennial plants to integrate additional environmental signals with photoperiod signaling may add to short-term acclimatization to the predicted longer growing seasons in future climates. 相似文献
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Atle Foss Hans van de Vis Wout Abbink Bert Lambooij Bjørn Roth 《Journal Of Applied Aquaculture》2019,31(1):34-47
In the present study, selected temperature drops were examined to investigate the effects of live chilling on stress and welfare in turbot and sole. This study demonstrated that rapid temperature drops from 11°C–12°C and 18°C–18.7°C to 4°C–0°C in turbot resulted in higher blood sodium and potassium at 0°C (164 mmol l?1, 4.4 mmol ?1) compared to 4°C (153 mmol l?1, 3.1 mmol ?1), indicating osmoregulatory disturbance. A rapid temperature drop from 18°C to 0°C in Senegal sole also resulted in higher blood sodium and potassium at 0°C (164 mmol l?1, 4.8 mmol ?1) compared to the control group at 18°C (157 mmol l?1, 3.2 mmol ?1). Based on present findings, we conclude that immersion in ice water will have a negative effect on the animal osmoregulatory capacity, and we recommend that turbot and sole are stunned before slaughter. 相似文献
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很多养猪生产者都熟悉猪舍的现代清洗和消毒规程。但是,这些规程常常没有被正确地应用。由比利时佛兰德动物保健中心(Animal Health Care Flanders,DGZ)完成的研究发现,已经在养禽业中使用了很长一段时间的微生物监测法也可以在猪舍中使用,以检查猪舍清洗和消毒措施的效率。 相似文献
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Lignin is a heterogenous phenolic polymer that plays crucial roles in the development and physiology of vascular plants. However,
it needs to be removed from cellulose by toxic and energy-requiring processes for the production of high-quality paper. Therefore,
a major biotechnological challenge is to obtain transgenic trees with modified lignin to improve the quality of wood for paper
making. Here, we review the results obtained by alterating the expression of genes of the monolignol biosynthesis pathway
in trees and the effect of these modifications on the lignin polymer and on pulping. The data reported show that lignin engineering
is a promising strategy to improve wood quality for the pulp and paper industry.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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Roques JA Abbink W Chereau G Fourneyron A Spanings T Burggraaf D van de Bos R van de Vis H Flik G 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2012,38(4):1019-1028
Consumer awareness of the need to improve fish welfare is increasing. Electrostunning is a clean and potentially efficient procedure more and more used to provoke loss of consciousness prior to killing or slaughtering (reviewed by Van de Vis et al. in Aquac Res 34:211-220, 2003). Little is known how (powerful) electrical stimuli, which do not stun immediately, are perceived by fish. We investigated responses of hand-held Mozambique tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) to a standardized electric shock applied to the tailfin. The handling with the resulting unavoidable acute stress response was carefully controlled for. Fish responses were analyzed up to 24 h following the shock. Electric shock resulted in slightly higher levels in plasma cortisol, lactate, ionic levels, and osmolality, than handling alone. Plasma glucose had significantly increased 6 h after shock compared to handling, indicative of enhanced adrenergic activity. Mucus release from the gills, branchial Na?/K? ATPase activity, and chloride cell migration and proliferation, parameters that will change with strong adrenergic activation, were not affected. Decreased swimming activity and delay in resumption of chafing behavior indicated a stronger and differential response toward the electric shock. Responses to handling lasted shorter compared to those to an electric shock. The differential and stronger responses to the electric shock suggest that fish perceived the shock potentially as painful. 相似文献
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Ambient salinity and osmoregulation,energy metabolism and growth in juvenile yellowtail kingfish (Seriola lalandi Valenciennes 1833) in a recirculating aquaculture system 
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下载免费PDF全文 Ainhoa Blanco Garcia Gavin J Partridge Gert Flik Jonathan A C Roques Wout Abbink 《Aquaculture Research》2015,46(11):2789-2797
The effects of salinity on plasma osmolality, branchial chloride cell density, feed consumption and conversion and growth performance of yellowtail kingfish (Seriola lalandi) were evaluated. Fish (11.6 ± 0.6 g) were kept for 29 days at 14, 18, 22, 26 (experimental) and 30 g L?1 (control) salinity in independent, pilot‐scale recirculation aquaculture systems. No differences in plasma osmolality or chloride cell numbers in gills were observed, pointing to a strong osmoregulatory capacity in the juveniles. Fish at 14, 18 and 22 g L?1 (7.61 ± 0.19, 7.61 ± 0.01 and 7.61 ± 0.13% day?1, respectively) had higher growth rates than fish at 26 and 30 g L?1 (7.10 ± 0.05 and 6.97 ± 0.06% day?1 respectively). The higher growth rate at lower salinity resulted from increased feed intake; feed conversion was not different. An evaluation of the impact of salinity on growth rate of on‐growing stages (till market size) seems warranted to assess whether the profitable effects of low salinity persist in later stages of this important aquaculture species. 相似文献
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The impact of elevated water nitrite concentration on physiology,growth and feed intake of African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell 1822) 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Tom Spanings Tirsa van Schaik Wout Abbink Jeroen Boerrigter Pepijn de Vries Hans van de Vis Gert Flik 《Aquaculture Research》2015,46(6):1384-1395
The nitrite threshold concentration in rearing water of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) was assessed. African catfish with an initial mean (SD) weight of 219.7 (57.8) g were exposed to an increasing range of water nitrite from 6 (Control) to 928 μM nitrite for 28 days. Mean (SD) plasma nitrite concentrations increased from 5.0 (3.6) to 32.5 (12.6) μM at 928 μM ambient nitrite. The increase in nitrite was accompanied by gradual increase in plasma nitrate from 41.6 (28.4) μM to 420.2 (106.4) μM. Haematocrit, haemoglobin, methemoglobin, plasma concentrations of cortisol, glucose, lactate, osmolality, gill morphology and branchial Na+/K+‐ATPase activity were not affected. Feed intake, final weight, SGR, FCR and mortality were not affected. We advise not to exceed a water nitrite concentration of 43 μM (0.6 mg L?1 NO2?‐N) to prevent the risk of reduced growth and feed intake in African catfish aquaculture. 相似文献