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G Pugliesi ML Oliveria SC Scolari E Lopes FV Pinaffi BT Miagawa YN Paiva JRG Maio GP Nogueira M Binelli 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2014,49(1):85-91
Strategic supplementation of P4 may be used to increase conception rates in cattle, but timing of supplementation in relation to ovulation, mass of supplementary P4 and formulation of the P4‐containing supplement has not been determined for beef cattle. Effects of supplementation of long‐acting progesterone (P4) on Days 2 or 3 post‐ovulation on development, function and regression of corpus luteum (CL) were studied in beef cattle. Cows were synchronized with an oestradiol/P4‐based protocol and treated with 150 or 300 mg of long‐acting P4 on Day 2 or 3 post‐ovulation (6–7 cows/group). Colour‐doppler ultrasound scanning and blood sample collection were performed from Day 2–21.5. Plasma P4 concentrations were greater (p < 0.05) from Day 2.5–5.5 in the Day 2‐treated groups and from Day 3.5–5.5 in the Day 3‐treated cows than in the control group. CL area and blood flow during Day 2–8.5 did not differ (p > 0.05) among groups, suggesting no effect of P4 treatment on luteal development. The frequency of cows that began luteolysis before Day 15 was greater (p < 0.04) in cows treated with 300 mg than in the controls, but there were no differences between non‐treated and 150 mg‐treated cows. The interval from pre‐treatment ovulation to functional and structural luteolysis was shorter (p < 0.01) in the combined P4‐treated groups than in the control cows. In conclusion, was showed for the first time that long‐acting P4 supplementation on Day 2 or 3 post‐ovulation increases P4 concentrations for ≥3 day, has no effect on luteal development, but anticipates the beginning of luteolysis in beef cattle. 相似文献
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Summary Body weights from birth to 756 days of age for calves of Mpwapwa cattle (12%Bos taurus inheritance) and backcrosses (34%Bos taurus) born in the wet or the dry season were analysed. The calves were weaned at 75 days of age and after that fed entirely on
pasture. Backcrosses were heavier than Mpwapwa at birth and at 252 days of age but not at subsequent ages. Calves born in
the dry season had slightly larger birth weights than calves born in the wet season. Weight differences were reversed from
252 to 504 days reflecting the seasonal fluctuations in grass growth. The effect of season of birth on long term rate of gain
was negligible. No significant interaction between genetic group (Mpwapwavs backcrosses) and season of birth (wetvs dry) was observed at any of the ages. The study thus did not confirm the hypothesis that backcrosses because of their higher
proportion ofBos taurus genes were more sensitive to the nutritional stress of the dry season than were pure Mpwapwa calves.
Resumem Se analizaron los pesos corporales desde el naciminento hasta los 756 días, de terneros Mpwapwa (12% de herencia deBos taurus) y retrocruces (34%Bos taurus) en la estación lluviosa y seca. Los terneros se destetaron a los 75 días de edad, manteniendose con pasto únicamente de ahí en adelante. Los retrocruces pesaron más al nacer y a los 252 días de edad, pero nó en adelante. Los terneros nacidos en la estación seca, pesaron un poco más que los nacidos en la lluviosa. Las diferencias de peso fueron contrárias, de los 252 a los 504 días, reflejando las fluctuaciones estacionales en el crecimiento de pasto. La influencia estacional al nacer, sobre la tasa de ganancia de peso a largo tiempo, no fue importante. No se observó una interacción significativa, entre grupos généticos (Mpwapwavs retrocruces) y la influencia de la estación al nacer (lluviosavs. seca) en ninguna de las edades. Este estudio, no confirmó la hipótesis que los retrocruces, debido a la más alta proporción de genesBos taurus, eran más sensitivos al estrés nutricional durante la estación seca, que los puros Mpwapwa.
Résumé On a analysé les poids corporels de la naissance au 756 ème jour de veaux Mpwapwa (12% de sangBos taurus) et de croisements de retours (34%Bos taurus) nés en saison de pluies ou en saison sèche. Les veaux ont été sevrés à l’age de 75 jours puis nourris intégralement au paturage. Les croisés sont plus lourds que les Mpwapwa à la naissance et au 252 ème jour, mais non à un age plus avancé. Les veaux nés en saison séche ont des poids à la naissance lég rement plus élevés que ceux nés en saison des pluies. Les différences de poids sont inversées du 252 ème au 504 ème jour, reflètant les fluctuations saisonnières de la croissance de l’herbe. L’effet de la saison de naissance sur le gain de poids à long terme est négligeable. On n’a observé aucune interaction significative entre les groupes génétiques (Mpwapwavs croisés) ou la saison de naissance (pluies,vs saison sèche). L’étude ne confirme donc pas l’hypothèse que les croisés, par suite de leur proportion supérieure de gènesBos taurus sont plus sensibles au stress nutritionel de la saison sèche que le sont les veaux Mpwapwa purs.相似文献
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An experiment on restricted suckling of crossbred dairy cows was conducted at the Livestock Research Centre, Tanga in north-east Tanzania. The objective of the experiment was to evaluate the comparative productivity of Bos taurus×Bos indicus cows of medium and high levels of Bos taurus inheritance, whose calves were either bucket-reared or suckled residual milk. Lactation milk yield, length and persistency were 1563 L, 289 days, and 1.0, respectively, for the bucket-reared and 1592 L, 289 days and 1.4, respectively, for the suckling group. Days to observed oestrus, first insemination and conception for cows whose calves were bucket-reared were 47, 74 and 115 days, respectively, and 57, 81 and 126 days, respectively, for the suckling cows. The calf weights were similar at 1 year of age. The productivity of the cows, measured as the annual milk offtake, was not significantly higher for those that suckled their calves than for those whose calves were bucket-reared. 相似文献
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An experiment on restricted suckling of crossbred dairy cows was conducted at the Livestock Research Centre, Tanga in northeast Tanzania. Thirty-six Bos taurus (Holstein Friesian and Jersey) x Bos indicus (East African Zebu) cows were allocated alternately as they calved to suckling their calves for either 12 or 24 weeks after calving. Cows grazed improved pastures and were offered 4 kg concentrate daily. Milking occurred twice daily by hand; calves were allowed to suck residual milk for 30 min following each milking. Calves were also allowed access to grazing and were offered a maximum of 1 kg concentrate daily to 24 weeks of age. Weaning age had no significant effect on lactation milk yield for human consumption, the mean (SE) yield being 1806 (102.0) L and 1705 (129.1) L for 12- and 24-week weaning, respectively. Cows from the two treatments suffered similar losses of live weight and body condition score during lactation and neither group had returned to the original body condition score 40 weeks following calving. Post-partum anoestrous intervals were prolonged. Although not significant, cows suckling calves to 24 weeks had a mean interval to first oestrus extended by 38 days compared with cows suckling calves to 12 weeks. The mean (SE) daily live weight gains of the calves to 52 weeks were 263 (14.1) g/day and 230 (18.1) g/day for calves weaned at 12 and 24 weeks, respectively, such that 12-month weights were 119 (5.6) kg and 110 (7.3) kg, respectively. Twelve-week-weaned calves consumed more concentrate (p<0.05) from 13 to 24 weeks than did 24-week weaned calves. Calculation of residual milk consumption removed by calves from birth to 12 weeks indicated that it accounted for 28%) of total yield. No benefits in cow and calf performance and welfare were found to justify prolonging the suckling period to 24 weeks. 相似文献
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BC Li W Li H Chen YN Zhang ZT Zhang XY Wang B Gao TC Dou KH Wang 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2013,48(3):368-372
This study was conducted to explore the influencing factors of ova in vitro fertilization (IVF) and transfer of the fertilized ova into the oviduct of recipient hens. The efficiency of fertilization was compared using three aspects: (i) the different time of ova collection and transfer, (ii) egg‐laying period of recipient hen; and (iii) semen volume. The following results are observed: 72%, 40% and 0% of ova were found in ovarian sac in 30～40 min, 50～60 min and more than 90 min post‐oviposition, respectively; 20%, 18%, 14% and 5.8% of ova were fertilized with 0.1, 0.2, 0.5 and 1.0 ml semen, respectively; and 33% and 100% of healthy chickens were hatched from fertile ova with 0.1 and 0.5 ml of semen, respectively. All oocytes obtained from ovary and mid‐oviduct were unfertilized. Embryos were transferred into recipient hens 30 min ± 10 min post‐oviposition, and 70% of shelled eggs were produced. There were no eggs produced in the other transfer times. This demonstrated that live chicken can be obtained by IVF of ova collected shortly after oviposition. It was important that the ovum was transferred into the oviduct infundibulum of recipient hens immediately or shortly after oviposition. 相似文献
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Msanga YN Bryant MJ Rutam IB Minja FN Zylstra L 《Tropical animal health and production》2000,32(1):23-31
A study was carried out on the lactation performance of crossbred dairy cattle in a smallholder farming system in north-east Tanzania. Data were collected from the records for 6 years and the factors considered were district, proportion of Holsteins, season of calving, year of calving and herd size. The data were considered separately for animals with a single lactation record. The least-square means for first lactation length and yield were 331 days (SD 77.0) and 2332 L (SD 283.0), respectively, while for cows with data on more than one lactation record the yield was 2477 L (SD 840.1) in 324 days (SD 74.0). First lactation yield was significantly affected by year of calving. For repeated records the lactation yield was significantly affected by district, proportion of Holsteins and herd size, while lactation length was significantly affected by district and herd size. The calculated repeatabilities for lactation yield and length were 0.27 and 0.12, respectively. For the pooled data the correlation between lactation length and yield gave r = 0.569 (p<0.0001). 相似文献
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