Hypokalaemic episodic polymyopathy in cats fed a vegetarian diet     

A. LEON  SAF BAIN  WR LEVICK 《Australian veterinary journal》1992,69(10):249-254

A previously undocumented hypokalaemic condition with a cyclical nature, comprising acute bouts of polymyopathy followed by spontaneous recoveries, is described in the cat. Cats being fed a high protein vegetarian diet developed recurrent episodes of polymyopathy, characterised by ventroflexion of the head and neck, stiff forelimb gait, lateral head-resting and generalised muscle weakness. Plasma potassium concentrations (mean +/- standard deviation) were reduced from 3.28 +/- 0.33 mmol/l at the beginning of the experiment to 2.45 +/- 0.24 mmol/l during bouts of myopathy. This hypokalaemia was associated with increased creatine kinase activities indicative of muscle damage, and decreased urinary potassium concentrations, and was caused by insufficient dietary potassium. Cats that received the same diet supplemented with potassium did not develop hypokalaemic polymyopathy. Spontaneous recoveries of affected cats were not associated consistently with increases in plasma potassium concentrations. Plasma taurine concentrations decreased and glutamic acid increased markedly in all cats fed the experimental diet. There was no evidence of thiamin deficiency associated with the high glutamic acid intake. Veterinarians should be aware that hypokalaemic cats, and in particular those on potassium-deficient diets, may show cyclical disease with episodes of polymyopathy recurring after periods of spontaneous clinical recovery. This condition in cats may be a useful animal model for familial hypokalaemic periodic paralysis in humans.  相似文献   

The right oviduct in chickens     

WEBSTER HD 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1948,112(852):221-223

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ULTRASONOGRAPHIC FEATURES OF EXTRAHEPATIC BILIARY OBSTRUCTION IN 30 CATS     

HUGUES A. GAILLOT  DOMINIQUE G. PENNINCK  CYNTHIA R. L. WEBSTER  SYBIL CRAWFORD 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2007,48(5):439-447

The goals of our study were to review the ultrasonographic features of spontaneous extrahepatic biliary obstruction in cats and to determine whether these features can assist in differentiating tumor, inflammation, and choleliths as the cause of obstruction. Thirty cats with a presurgical ultrasound examination an dconfirmed extrahepatic biliary obstruction were studied. A common bile duct diameter over 5 mm was present in 97% of the cats with extrahepatic biliary obstruction. Gallbladder dilation was seen in < 50% of the cats. Ultrasound identified all obstructive choleliths (calculus or plugs) in the common bile duct. However, neither common bile duct diameter nor appearance or any other ultrasonographic feature allowed differentiation between tumor and inflammation as the cause of obstruction. A short duration of clinical signs (10 days or less) seemed to be associated with obstructive cholelithiasis.  相似文献   

ULTRASONOGRAPHIC INTESTINAL HYPERECHOIC MUCOSAL STRIATIONS IN DOGS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH LACTEAL DILATION     

JAMES SUTHERLAND-SMITH  DOMINIQUE G. PENNINCK  JOHN H. KEATING  CYNTHIA R. L. WEBSTER 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2007,48(1):51-57

In this retrospective study, the medical records of 23 dogs with the sonographic feature of small intestinal hyperechoic mucosal striations and an endoscopic or surgical intestinal biopsy were reviewed. Histopathologic lacteal dilation was present in 96% of dogs with mucosal striations. Sonographic findings associated with mucosal striations included: mild jejunal wall thickening (96%), mild duodenal wall thickening (78%), mucosal speckles (70%), and abdominal effusion (87%). The mucosal striations were diffuse (70%) or multifocal (30%) and did not cause loss of wall layering, except in one dog with a severe mural lipogranuloma. Mesenteric lymphadenopathy was identified in 9% of dogs. Thirteen dogs with endoscopic biopsies had mild to moderate villus lacteal dilation and the nine dogs with surgical biopsies had moderate to severe dilation. Inflammatory infiltrates were mild (61%) or moderate (30%) with variable numbers and combinations of cells, including eosinophils (65%), plasma cells (61%), lymphocytes (57%), and neutrophils (30%); one dog had disseminated villus histiocytic sarcoma. The biochemistry changes and clinical signs were consistent with protein-losing enteropathy in 78% of dogs. Hyperechoic mucosal striations in dogs are associated with lacteal dilation and are frequently associated with mucosal inflammation and protein losing enteropathy.  相似文献   

A case-control study to identify farm factors affecting fertility of dairy herds: univariate description of factors     

FB WEBSTER  IJ LEAN  D. KENNEDY  K. PHILLIPS 《Australian veterinary journal》1997,75(4):266-273

Objective To identify farm factors which were associated with reproductive performance in dairy herds in New South Wales.
Procedure A survey was administered by face to face interview to examine the responses of producers drawn from 757 herds, which used the New South Wales Agriculture Department Dairy Herd Improvement scheme. A case-control approach was used to select a total of 126 herds from the first (top group - cases) and fourth quartiles (low group - controls) for intercalving interval.
Results We found that the estimated interval from calving to first mating was significantly different between groups (P = 0.03) and that the groups significantly differed in both their target for interval to first mating (P = 0.02) and their perceived optimum time for first mating (P = 0.04). Other factors associated with a longer intercalving interval included, use of embryo transfer programs (P = 0.08), younger managers (P = 0.02), fewer breedings per day (P = 0.01), a greater number of people detecting heats (P = 0.07), but less hours spent detecting heats while handling the cows (P = 0.11), and a failure to vaccinate bulls for campylobacteriosis (P = 0.14).
Conclusions Managers of herds with poorer reproductive performance did not intend to mate cattle as soon after calving as managers with better reproductive performance, were not as active in seeking veterinary advice on reproduction, and were attempting to treat reproductive diseases and disorders themselves.  相似文献   

An analysis of crown condition of Picea, Fagus and Abies in relation to environment in Switzerland   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

WEBSTER  R.; RIGLING  A.; WALTHERT  L. 《Forestry》1996,69(4):347-355

The health of Swiss forests is now being monitored at some 160permanent sites at 8 km intervals on a square grid. Data onthe conditions of the tree crowns in 1993 and on the soil, climate,and topography have been analysed to determine the extent towhich crown condition depends on these factors. Transparencywas the only widespread symptom of ill health or lack of vigour,and it was common in only three species, Picea abies (L.) Karst.,Abies alba Mill., and Fagus sylvatica L. Relations between transparencyand the environmental variables recorded were weak, and forFagus too weak to be of consequence. The strongest relationsare with the soil water holding capacity for Picea, and withwater holding capacity and carbonate content for Abies. It seemsthat the loss of leaves is the trees' natural physiologicalresponse to lack of water in the soil: drought is a sufficientexplanation for the observed crown condition. The results andinterpretation accord with those elsewhere in Europe in 1993.  相似文献   

Comparison of live food organisms and prepared diets as first food for paddlefish, Polyodon spathula (Walbaum), fry     

C. D. WEBSTER  S. D. MIMS  J. H. TIDWELL  D. H. YANCEY 《Aquaculture Research》1991,22(2):155-163

Abstract. A feeding experiment was conducted in aquaria to evaluate growth, survival and food consumption by paddlefish, Polyodon spathula (Walbaum), fry fed live Daphnia pulex, brine shrimp nauplii, Artemia sp. (L.), from two different geographical sources, or one of three commercial dry diets. Fry were fed from first feeding (day 8 post-hatch) to day 17 post-hatch. All diets had similar percentages of crude protein and lipid. Fatty acid composition was similar in all diets except for Great Salt Lake brine shrimp nauplii which had a higher percentage of linolenic acid, 18:3 (n-3), and a lower percentage of eicosapentaenoic acid, 20:5 (n-3). Paddlefish fed live food organisms were significantly (P<0·05) larger than those fed non-living diets. Survival was significantly higher (P<0·05) for fish consuming live Daphnia (95·3%) than all other treatments. Percentage of fish with food in the digestive tract did not significantly differ (P>0·05) among treatments. Poorer growth and survival by fish fed prepared diets may have been due to limited digestibility of the dry diets by paddlefish.  相似文献   

Seasonal production of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), in ponds using different feeding practices     

J. H. TIDWELL  C. D. WEBSTER  R. S. KNAUB 《Aquaculture Research》1991,22(3):335-342

Abstract. In temperate regions of North America, the culture of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), in ponds is constrained to the period mid-November to early April by water temperature. Feeding practice may influence production time. The effects of three feeding practices on growth and body composition of rainbow trout raised in ponds during a 142-day winter growth period were investigated. Feeding practices were (1) hand-feeding to satiation, (2) feeding according to a fish size/water temperature chart, and (3) feeding by demand feeder.
Fish fed to satiation consumed 66% more diet than fish fed according to a feeding chart and 163% more than fish fed by demand feeders. Fish fed to satiation had significantly higher (P < 0·05) weight gain, harvest weight, specific growth rate, and protein gain with no significant increase (P > 0·05) in percentage body fat or feed conversion ratio (FCR) compared to the other two treatments. Survival percentage did not differ significantly (P > 0·05) between treatments. These data indicate that by using satiation feeding, marketable size rainbow trout can be produced in temperate region ponds without increases in percentage body fat or FCR.  相似文献   

Negative findings from serological studies of equine morbillivirus in the Queensland horse population   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

MP WARD  PF BLACK  AJ CHILDS  FC BALDOCK  WR WEBSTER  BJ RODWELL  SL BROUWER 《Australian veterinary journal》1996,74(3):241-243

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OPTIMAL INTERPOLATION AND ISARITHMIC MAPPING OF SOIL PROPERTIES III CHANGING DRIFT AND UNIVERSAL KRIGING   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

R. WEBSTER  T. M. BURGESS 《European Journal of Soil Science》1980,31(3):505-524

Universal kriging is a form of interpolation that takes account of local trends in data when minimizing the error associated with estimation. The presence of such trends, or drifts as they are known, is identified qualitatively, and their form found quantitatively by structural analysis, which simultaneously estimates semi-variances of the differences between the drift and actual data. The resulting semi-variograms are then used for the interpolation. The method was applied to measurements of electrical resistivity made in the soil at 1 m intervals at Bekesbourne, Kent. Analysis showed that the data could be adequately represented as a series of linear drifts over distances of 4 m to 8 m and with negligible nugget variance. Semi-variances of residuals from the drift were computed, and used to krige missing values and so complete an isarithmic map of the site. The method is by no means universally applicable in soil survey, mainly because of the large nugget variances usually encountered. These effectively prevent any distinction between constant and changing drift. They arise in part because measurements are made on small widely separated volumes of soil. Universal kriging is likely to be profitable only where measurements are made on contiguous volumes of soil or after substantial bulking.  相似文献