pGH和IGF-Ⅰ双基因共表达载体的构建及转双基因猪的获得与检测     

姚延珠  吴明明  孙金海 《华北农学报》2016,(3):94-100

旨在构建可高效表达pGH基因和IGF-Ⅰ基因的双基因共表达载体,制备转双基因(pGH+IGF-Ⅰ)猪,以期探索pGH基因和IGF-Ⅰ基因对猪生长发育的影响,为节粮型高瘦肉率新品种猪的培育奠定理论基础。从长白猪耳样中提取总RNA,经反转录RT-PCR获得pGH基因不含终止密码子的编码序列和IGF-Ⅰ基因完整的编码序列,经酶切连接克隆至pc DNA3.1(+)真核表达载体上,构建pc DNA3.1(+)-pGH-IGF-Ⅰ双基因共表达载体。将其转染PK15细胞,Q-PCR检测2个目的基因在PK15细胞中的表达情况。将构建的双基因共表达载体用纳米材料包裹后转染长白猪精子,采用精子载体法制备转双基因猪。PCR及测序鉴定转双基因阳性个体,Q-PCR检测2个目的基因在转双基因猪体内的表达情况。PCR及测序鉴定追踪检测转双基因猪体内pGH基因和IGF-Ⅰ基因的稳定情况。RT-PCR及测序结果表明,成功克隆了长白猪的pGH基因和IGF-Ⅰ基因的编码序列。酶切和测序分析表明成功构建了双基因真核共表达载体,转染PK15细胞后,Q-PCR检测表明,pGH基因和IGF-Ⅰ基因均在mRNA水平成功表达。母猪妊娠获得13头仔猪,经PCR及测序检测,其中4头仔猪为转双基因阳性,转双基因阳性率为30.76%。Q-PCR检测外源pGH基因与IGF-Ⅰ基因在转双基因猪体内成功表达。1~7月龄均可检测到外源pGH基因与IGF-Ⅰ基因,证明2个外源基因在转双基因猪体内稳定存在,并未随着生长而丢失。在转双基因公猪的精液中均能检测到2个外源基因,证明外源基因存在稳定传代的可能。  相似文献   

长白和大白猪主要生长性状的遗传参数估计     

贺婕妤  王斌虎  廖柱  谢红涛  易国强  刘毓文  敖红  唐中林 《畜牧兽医学报》2021,52(8):2115-2123

旨在分析母猪的出生年份、出生季节、初生重、开测日龄等固定效应对长白、大白猪主要生长性状的影响,并对目标生长性状进行遗传参数估计（遗传力、遗传方差、表型相关和遗传相关）,为猪的遗传改良提供基本依据。本试验利用GLM模型分析试验猪群（398头长白猪和1 176头大白猪）的固定效应对猪生长性状的影响,并采用多性状动物模型对目标性状进行遗传参数估计。目标生长性状包括达100 kg体重日龄（age to 100 kg,AGE）、达100 kg背膘厚（backfat to 100 kg,BF）、100 kg平均日增重（average daily gain to 100 kg,ADG）。研究表明,在大白和长白猪中,猪的出生年、出生季、初生重以及开测日龄对生长性状均具有极显著的影响（P<0.001）;长白猪的AGE、ADG和BF的遗传力分别为0.321、0.327和0.324,大白猪对应性状的遗传力分别为0.454、0.469和0.408;长白猪的ADG和AGE之间的遗传相关、表型相关分别为-0.990、-0.995,大白猪的ADG和AGE之间的遗传相关、表型相关分别为-0.993、-0.998,均呈现较强的负相关。长白、大白猪的生长性状（AGE、ADG、BF）均属于中等遗传力性状,其出生年份、出生季节、初生重和开测日龄对猪的生长性状影响较大。在遗传参数估计分析时,提高样本数量并提升表型数据质量,可以增加遗传参数估计的可靠性。本研究中的生长性状遗传参数估计结果较为可靠,可为后续的遗传改良提供参考。  相似文献   

Genetic analysis for sow stayability at different parities in purebred Landrace and Large White pigs     

Shinichiro Ogawa  Makoto Kimata  Kazuo Ishii  Yoshinobu Uemoto  Masahiro Satoh 《Animal Science Journal》2021,92(1):e13599

Genetic parameters for sow stayability were estimated from farrowing records of 10,295 Landrace sows and 8192 Large White sows. The record for sow stayability from parity k to parity k + 1 (k = 1, …, 6) was 0 when a sow had a farrowing record at parity k but not at parity k + 1, and 1 when a sow had both records. Heritability was estimated by using single-trait linear and threshold animal models. Genetic correlations among parities were estimated by using two-trait linear–linear and single-trait random regression linear animal models. Genetic correlations with litter traits at birth were estimated by using a two-trait linear–linear animal model. Heritability estimates by linear model analysis were low (0.065–0.119 in Landrace & 0.061–0.157 in Large White); those by threshold model analysis were higher (0.136–0.200 & 0.110–0.283). Genetic correlations among parities differed between breeds and models. Genetic correlation between sow stayability and number born alive was positive in many cases, implying that selection for number born alive does not reduce sow stayability. The results seem to be affected by decisions on culling made by farmers.  相似文献   

Impact of MYOD family genes on pork traits in Large White and Landrace pigs   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

J. Verner  P. Humpolí&#;ek  & A. Knoll 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2007,124(2):81-85

Summary Porcine myogenic differentiation genes ( MYOD ) family play a key role in growth and muscle development and are therefore considered as candidate genes for meat production traits. The objective of the study was to investigate the polymorphisms at four loci belonging to the MYOD genes family and analyse their associations with variation in meat production traits in Czech pig breeds. To verify the associations between the polymorphisms and the selected meat traits, altogether 254 pigs, including full- and half-sibs, of Large White and Landrace breeds were tested. The studied meat characteristics were weight of neck, loin, shoulder and ham, lean meat content (LMC), backfat thickness, intramuscular fat (IMF), remission, dry matter content and test daily gain. Statistically significant associations were observed between MYOG gene and fat and neck weight, and between MYF5 gene and IMF and LMC. High significant differences were observed between genotypes AA and AB of MYOD1 in IMF and between genotypes AB and BB of MYF5 in loin weight.  相似文献   

五指山猪与长白猪妊娠期65d猪胎儿肌纤维差异比较研究          下载免费PDF全文

曹婷  施力光  张立岭  周汉林  荀文娟  侯冠彧 《家畜生态学报》2014,35(7):37-40

为寻找五指山猪与长白猪肌肉发育关键时期(妊娠期65d)肌纤维发育差异情况,采用石蜡切片、HE染色、Image-Pro Plus软件测量及SAS软件统计分析多种技术对两猪种骨骼肌肌纤维的表观组织学特征、数目和横截面积差异进行分析。结果表明,五指山猪和长白猪妊娠期65d胎儿肌纤维组织学外观有明显差异;并且长白猪猪胎儿骨骼肌肌纤维数目和横截面积均显著高于五指山猪(P0.05)。试验结果确定两猪种肌肉发育关键时期肌纤维发育差异,为日后深入研究影响肌肉发育的机制提供了参考。  相似文献   

长白猪肝脏、肾脏和淋巴结的显微形态及糖原PAS反应研究     

张家禾周作红  左伟勇等 《安徽农业科学》2014,(6):1704-1706,1733

[目的]对商品长白猪的组织形态学进行研究,了解商品长白猪宰前的生理状态。[方法]采集长白猪的肝脏、肾脏和淋巴结3种组织器官并制成石蜡切片,采用H.E染色方法对其组织结构进行研究。[结果]肾脏和肝脏的组织结构形态正常,肾脏和肝脏的细胞核染色明显,淋巴结的皮质和髓质分界不清晰,周围组织没有明显的淋巴索,淋巴窦较小。糖原PAS染色结果表明肝脏中的糖原颗粒较少,分布不均匀,而肾脏中糖原或糖蛋白多集中于血管球和肾小囊壁上。[结论]该研究可为今后进一步的商品长白猪理论研究奠定基础。  相似文献   

Establishment of Chinese soybean Glycine max core collections with agronomic traits and SSR markers     

Lixia Wang  Yuan Guan  Rongxia Guan  Yinghui Li  Yansong Ma  Zhimin Dong  Xian Liu  Haiyan Zhang  Yueqiang Zhang  Zhangxiong Liu  Ruzhen Chang  Haiming Xu  Linhai Li  Fanyun Lin  Weijiang Luan  Zhe Yan  Xuecheng Ning  Li Zhu  Yanhua Cui  Rihua Piao  Yan Liu  Pengying Chen  Lijuan Qiu 《Euphytica》2006,151(2):215-223

It is very important to efficiently study and use genetic diversity resources in crop breeding and sustainable agriculture. In this study, different sampling methods and sample sizes were compared in order to optimize the strategies for building a rationally sized core collection of Chinese soybean (Glycine max). The diversity in the core collection captured more than 70% of that in the pre-core collection, no matter what sampling methods were used, at a sampling proportion of 1%. Core collections established with both simple sequence repeat (SSR) marker data and agronomic traits were more representative than those chosen on an independent basis. An optimal sampling method for a soybean core collection was determined, in which strategy ‘S’ (allocating accessions to clusters according to the proportion of square root of the original sample size within each ecotype) was used based on SSR and agronomic data. Curve estimation was used to estimate the allelic richness of the entire Chinese soybean germplasm and a minimum sample size for a core collection, on which a sampling proportion of about 2% was determined to be optimal for a core collection. Further analysis on the core collection with fourteen agronomic traits and allelic constitution at 60 SSR loci suggested that it highly represented the entire collections both on genetic structure and diversity distribution. This core collection would provide an effective platform in proper exploitation of soybean germplasm resources for the study of complex traits and discovering important novel traits for crop genetic development.  相似文献   

Variation of grain iron content in a local upland rice germplasm from the village of Huai Tee Cha in northern Thailand     

Saicum Pintasen  Chanakan Prom-u-thai  Sansanee Jamjod  Narit Yimyam  Benjavan Rerkasem 《Euphytica》2007,157(1-2):27-34

Crown rust caused by Puccinia coronata Cda. f. sp. avenae Eriks., is a major fungal disease of cultivated oats (Avena sativa L.) in Tunisia. Six landrace oats (M_tK₂, JT₅, BJ₃₅, GT₁, ZN₃ and JT₀) locally collected and previously screened for their relative oat crown rust resistance were used in this experiment. These accessions were evaluated during a two cropping season in field plots under heavy natural oat crown rust infection. Assessment criteria to crown rust reactions were AUDPC, latent period, uredinia size and number of uredinia per cm² of infected leaf area. Principal components analysis showed that the variables were grouped in two components. These two principal components explained 83.56% of the total variance. The projection of the point-cloud representing the populations on the plan formed by the principal components ‘Fact 1’ (63.83%), in abscissa, and ‘Fact 2’ (19.73%) in ordinate, permitted to distribute the accessions in several groups. Three landrace oats (M_tK₂, JT₅, and JT₀) showed the lowest value of all the components used. These landrace oats might be good sources of effective and durable resistance to crown rust.  相似文献   

Diversity and distribution patterns of enset landraces in Sidama, Southern Ethiopia     

Bizuayehu Tesfaye  Peter Lüdders 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2003,50(4):359-371

Diversity and distribution of enset landraces (clones) were investigated in 300 randomly selected peasant households at ten different locations in the Sidama region of Ethiopia using presence-or-absence data. A total of 86 named landraces were recorded, making the region an area of remarkably high enset landrace diversity. A substantial fraction of the landraces had a restricted distribution range and low abundance while a number were moderately common with the remaining few being cosmopolitan. Regional distribution was positively correlated with local abundance, such that more widespread landraces were also typically more abundant (r = 0.78, p < .01). Landrace diversity was not evenly distributed throughout the region, the highest diversity being recorded in mountain areas (r = 0.71, p < .05). Farmers exchange planting materials extensively, resulting in a fairly high (up to 70%) coefficient of similarity among sites. Implications for the collection and conservation of enset genetic resources are discussed.  相似文献   

Identification of ‘Sorrento’ walnut using simple sequence repeats (SSRs)     

I. Foroni  K. Woeste  L. M. Monti  R. Rao 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2007,54(5):1081-1094

  相似文献