红枣气体射流冲击干燥收缩特性研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

娄正  刘清  师建芳  赵玉强  高振江 《农业机械学报》2014,45(S1):241-246

Chinese jujube originated in China and has a long historical standing. China is the only country which can produce a great amount of Chinese jujube in the world. Modern research showed that the nutrition of Chinese jujube is abundant. Chinese jujube has great medicinal and food value, with high economic value and good prospects for development. Shrinkage characteristics of dates generally refer to volume shrinkage characteristics of whole dates. Large fruit and plump grain appearance of dates is the first choice of consumers to buy elements. The volume of dried jujube points to the consumer’s heart, and is an important indicator of consumers whether to buy. Jujube processing enterprises grade the date in accordance with its size, different grades dates have different value and price. Therefore, drying is the most important steps during the dates processing as it affects directly the quality of the product, and the shrinkage characteristics is the most important quality characteristic of Chinese jujube after drying. However, the traditional natural desiccation and desiccation in the drying room of the red dates has many problems. The conventional drying method for Chinese jujube has some disadvantages of severe shrinkage, long drying time and large energy consumption etc. Therefore, in order to improve the quality of dried Chinese jujube and reduce the shrinkage, it is imperative to replace the traditional drying method with the modern technologies. Air impingement drying technology was applied to dry Chinese jujube. The drying characteristics of shrinkage, moisture effective diffusivity considering shrinkage characteristics and the activation energy of Chinese jujube shrinkage were investigated under different air temperatures (55, 60, 65 and 70℃) and air velocities (6, 9, 12 and 15m/s). The dynamic changes of the regular pattern for the shrinkage characteristic of Chinese jujube in the air impingement drying process were studied, the results showed that the volume relative shrinkage ratio of Chinese jujube appeared to increase and then decrease with the increase of air temperature and air velocity. Considering shrinkage characteristics, the moisture effective diffusivity of Chinese jujube in the air impingement drying process through the Fick’s second law was obtained. The diffusivity appeared to increase and then decrease with the decrease in moisture content in dry basis of Chinese jujube. The Arrhenius equation calculated the shrinkage activation energy of the Chinese jujube was 1281kJ/mol. This research provided technical basis for shrinkage characteristics of Chinese jujube using air impingement drying technology.  相似文献   

辽东栎木材解剖特征与物理-力学性质的关系   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张述银 《安徽农业大学学报》1987,(2)

本文借助通径系数分析及主成分分析等统计方法,以五株产自山西中条山的辽东栎为试验材料,详细研究了木材解剖特征的内在关系以及解剖特征与物理—力学性质的关系。结果表明,“细胞特征”(纤维、导管尺寸及微纤丝角等)和“组织比量”(导管、纤维及薄壁组织比量)两个主因子基本反映并代表了木材的所有解剖特征,同时也是影响木材物理—力学性质的两个基本解剖因子。  相似文献   

杨木高温干燥过程中表层流变特性的研究   总被引：8，自引：2，他引：6  

李大纲  顾炼百 《林业科学》1999,(1):83-89

本文讨论了干燥温度分别为８５℃、１０５℃、１１５℃和１２５℃时板材表层厚度为３ｍｍ处的木材横纹流变特性。结果表明：干燥过程中的总应变为干缩应变、弹性应变、粘弹性蠕变应变和机械吸附蠕变应变的代数和。木材在长时间、高温高湿的联合作用下，不仅表现出弹性、塑性，而且还表现出粘弹性。作者根据木材干燥应力模型理论，提出了在同一块板方材上能同时测定所建模型各应变参数的试验方法。  相似文献   

红松人工林幼龄材与成熟材干缩性的比较   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

戴芳天  郭明辉  陈广胜 《东北林业大学学报》2003,31(3):29-30

对红松人工林幼龄材与成熟材气干与全干时的干缩性能进行了测试和分析。结果表明：幼龄材与成熟材气干与全干时干缩系数相比，幼龄材的径向、弦向、体积干缩系数均大于成熟材；气干与全干时差异干缩都是成熟材小于幼龄材。在木材利用上尽量选择成熟材，以提高产品质量，实现较高的经济价值。  相似文献   

木材过热蒸汽干燥过程中的收缩应力(Ⅰ)--径向收缩应力特征   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

程万里  刘一星  齐华春  師岡敏朗  則元京 《东北林业大学学报》2004,32(6):32-34

试验研究了日本柳杉在120—180℃高温高压过热蒸汽条件下，干燥过程中所伴随的收缩应力的发生发展特征，以及温度和相对湿度对径向收缩应力的影响。试验采用夹具束缚试件在干燥过程中的收缩变形，利用应力传感器连续测定饱水试件在高温高压过热蒸汽条件下，从试件达到环境平衡条件开始直到全干状态或明显开裂为止的径向收缩应力。对温度80—180℃，相对湿度0—80％干燥条件下收缩应力的研究结果表明，温度140℃、相对湿度60％以上的条件下，收缩应力得到有效抑制。在温度140℃以上的条件下，即使相对湿度达到100％仍然存在收缩应力，此收缩应力的发生与木材细胞壁组成的结构变化有关。  相似文献   

密集烘烤过程中烟叶温度与烟叶形变的相关性     

顾会战  杨晓亮  彭毅  王栋  尹振华  张阳 《安徽农业科学》2013,41(11):5048-5050

[目的]探究烟叶烘烤过程中烟叶温度与烟叶形变的相关性。[方法]使用烤烟叶温测量仪对整个烘烤过程中烟叶温度进行实时测量并自动记录,每隔9 h对烟叶形变数值进行测量记录。[结果]试验表明,烤烟烘烤过程中叶温与烟叶形变呈正相关,厚度收缩率大于横向收缩率大于纵向收缩率,且各收缩率在叶温达到41.7℃后明显增大。[结论]叶温可以真实反映烟叶的温度情况,叶温与烟叶形变规律对烘烤过程中烟叶形变判断具有指导作用。  相似文献   

不同温度贮藏西番莲品质变化规律研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

徐雪莹  陈于陇  徐玉娟  吴继军 《热带作物学报》2015,36(3):557-562

采用PO保鲜袋包装,在8℃及25℃贮藏温度下,研究西番莲呼吸速率、可溶性固形物、p H值、Vc、失重率、皱缩度、可溶性蛋白、多酚等生理特性和营养品质的变化规律。结果表明:与25℃贮藏相比,8℃贮藏下西番莲呼吸速率、皱缩指数和失重率分别仅为前者的1/10、1/3和1/10,p H值较前者低0.2左右;可溶性固形物、Vc和可溶性性蛋白的含量分别比前者高15.8%、31%和80.5%,多酚含量为前者的2倍左右。因此,低温PO保鲜袋包装能较好地维持贮藏期间西番莲的品质,是一种较好的西番莲保鲜方法。  相似文献   

基于微波真空干燥的圆竹材干缩性研究     

吕黄飞  刘贤淼  方长华  张波  费本华 《林产工业》2018,(2):8-11

圆竹材的合理干燥是决定竹材利用质量优劣和寿命的重要环节,圆竹材的微波真空干燥,是一项探索性研究课题。笔者采用微波真空干燥方法,在一定的干燥基准条件下,依据含水率变化曲线,将干燥过程分为加速、恒速和减速干燥三个阶段。研究结果表明,干燥初期随着温度逐渐上升,水分蒸发量逐渐增加,中期恒速干燥阶段,大量液态水转化为水蒸气排出,持续时间长,后期减速干燥阶段含水率较低,主要是结合水的蒸发,含水率变化很小,三个阶段所占干燥时间分别约为20、90 min和40 min;沿壁厚方向干缩率不明显,沿着竹竿高度方向由下向上,干缩率逐渐增大。  相似文献   

福建柯木类木材结构特征及其对干燥的影响     

刘忠辉 《林产工业》2010,37(3)

福建柯木类中的米槠、苦槠、红锥、高山锥和格氏栲的细胞构造具有共同特点。五种木材随着密度的增加导管细胞壁平均厚度变化不大,导管平均长度呈递增趋势。早晚材管孔的大小差异大,早晚材急变,导管的长度与孔径比值大;管孔的排列呈火焰状离散型,木射线宽窄不一,多数呈宽或较宽。导管的弦向直径与水分流密度呈正相关,导管长度越长,则水分传输性能越差,即径向干缩变化远小于弦向造成导管的收缩和扭曲,从而带来导管破裂,最终导致木材干燥缺陷。在木材干燥中这些特征造成木材内部温度梯度(t)/(x)或含水率梯度(w)/(x)显著增大时,对木材干燥速率有影响的水分流密度I_1值发生相应变化,只是变化值远小于木材表面向介质传递的水蒸汽量I_2,即I_1I_2。此现象更容易形成内外水分梯度差异,从而产生内应力,导致木材开裂翘曲和皱缩。此外,由于米槠等其早晚材导管的大小差异大,以及拥有宽窄不同的木射线,造成水份传导不均匀也影响木材干燥质量。  相似文献   

Injection molding of vertebral fixed cage implant     

Kyung?Min?Yoo  Seok?Won?Lee  Jae?Ryoun?YounEmail author  Do?Heum?Yoon  Young?Eun?Cho  Jae-Pil?Yu  Hyung?Sang?Park 《Fibers and Polymers》2003,4(2):89-96

A vertebral cage is a hollow medical device which is used in spine surgery. By implanting the cage into the spine column, it is possible to restore disc and relieve pressure on the nerve roots. Most cages have been made of titanium alloys but they detract the biocompatibility. Currently PEEK (polyether ether ketone) is applied to various implants because it has good properties like heat resistance, chemical resistance, strength, and especially biocompatibility. A new shape of vertebral cage is designed and injection molding of PEEK is considered for production. Before injection molding of the cage, it is needed to evaluate process conditions and properties of the final product. Variables affecting the shrinkage of the cage are considered, e.g., injection time, packing pressure, mold temperature, and melt temperature. By using the numerical simulation program, MOLDFLOW, several cases are studied. Data files obtained by MOLDFLOW analysis are used for stress analysis with ABAQUS, and shrinkage and residual stress fields are predicted. With these results, optimum process conditions are determined.  相似文献