Efficacy of famotidine for the prevention of exercise-induced gastritis in racing Alaskan sled dogs     

Williamson KK  Willard MD  McKenzie EC  Royer CM  Payton ME  Davis MS 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2007,21(5):924-927

BACKGROUND: Omeprazole reduces the severity of exercise-induced gastritis but not the prevalence of gastric lesions in sled dogs. The frequent feeding of sled dogs during competition likely results in decreased absorption of omeprazole and, thereby, decreased efficacy. HYPOTHESIS: Famotidine, a histamine-2 blocker with good bioavailability in the presence of food, would reduce the incidence and severity of exercise-induced gastric disease in sled dogs. ANIMALS: Sixteen fit Alaskan sled dogs (4 female, 12 male, all intact, age 2-6 years). METHODS: Dogs were randomly assigned to treatment (22 mg famotidine PO q24h) or control groups (n = 8 per group). Famotidine was administered with a meal to the treatment group once daily for 7 days before a challenge and once during exercise. Control dogs were fed an identical diet as the principal group. The 16 dog team completed a 100-mile exercise challenge in 18 hours. A gastroscopy was performed 24 hours after the challenge. The appearance of the mucosa was scored by an individual by using a scoring system. RESULTS: Treatment with famotidine significantly reduced the severity score compared with control (P = .0004). No adverse effects of treatment were reported. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Famotidine is effective in reducing the severity of exercise-induced gastric disease in racing Alaskan sled dogs, with minimal to no adverse effects, and may be recommended for prophylactic use in short distance races.  相似文献   

Gastric ulcers in standardbred racehorses: prevalence,lesion description,and risk factors     

Dionne RM  Vrins A  Doucet MY  Paré J 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(2):218-222

This study was performed to estimate the prevalence of gastric ulcers in Standardbred racehorses, to describe the lesion score and location, and to identify potential risk factors. Two hundred seventy-five (275) Standardbred horses from 5 training centers and 2 racetracks in Quebec, Canada, were studied. Historical data for the 2 months before examination were recorded for each horse, and the presence of gastric ulcers was determined by gastroscopy. A previously reported scoring system that used grades 0-3 for gastric lesions was used. Overall, 121 horses (44.0%; 95% CI, 38.1-50.1%) had gastric ulcers. The prevalence of gastric ulcers was significantly higher (P < .0001) in actively racing horses (63.3%; 95% CI, 54.7-71.2%) than in horses at rest. Multivariate analysis defined that horses in racing (OR = 9.29; 95% CI, 3.55-24.3) were significantly more likely to have gastric ulcers than horses at rest and that trotters (OR = 2.23; 95% CI, 1.28-3.86) were more likely to have gastric ulcers than pacers. The number of lesion sites (P < .0001) and poor body condition (P < .0001) were significantly associated with lesion scores. Gastric ulcers are highly prevalent in Standardbred racehorses. Furthermore, actively racing horses and trotters are more likely to have gastric ulcers. Also, poor body condition in Standardbred racehorses may be an indication that gastric ulcers are present and that lesion scores are high. The cause-and-effect relationship between poor body condition and the presence of gastric ulcers is unclear.  相似文献   

Prevalence of gastric lesions in racing Alaskan sled dogs     

Davis MS  Willard MD  Nelson SL  Mandsager RE  McKiernan BS  Mansell JK  Lehenbauer TW 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(3):311-314

Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large.  相似文献   

Blood lactate responses to submaximal field exercise tests in thoroughbred horses     

Davie AL  Evans DJ 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2000,159(3):361-258

The associations between velocity during a standardized, submaximal 800-m exercise test and blood lactate concentration after exercise were investigated in Thoroughbred racehorses on sand and grass racetracks. Predicted lactate concentrations for each horse's exercise test velocity were calculated from the line of best fit derived from results at each racetrack. The repeatability of the differences between the measured and predicted blood lactate response to exercise was also investigated. Exercise tests were conducted at speeds ranging from 12.8 to 16.6 m/s. The variability of velocity within the exercise test was expressed as the coefficient of variation (CV) of the times for the four 200-m sections.On the sand track, the coefficient of determination for the lactate-speed relationship was highest for an exponential regression equation [lactate (mmol/L) = 0.08e(0.33x)(m/s);r(2)= 0.58, P< 0.05;n = 21]. Similar coefficients of determination were calculated for linear (r(2)= 0.56) and second order polynomial equations (r(2)= 0. 57). On the grass racetrack, the relationship was best described by a second order polynomial equation [lactate (mmol/L) = -0.87x(2)+ 28. 17x - 211.41;r(2)= 0.57, P< 0.05;n = 25]. The mean differences between the measured and predicted blood lactate concentrations in repeated tests were 1.9 +/- 1.8 (SD) and 1.8 +/- 1.7 ( SD) on the sand and grass racetracks. There were no significant associations between the velocity of the exercise and the CV on either racetrack. Differences between measured and predicted blood lactate concentrations, based on track-specific lines of best fit, have potential application in field studies of fitness in Thoroughbred horses.  相似文献   

Relative Flow-Time Relationships in Single Breaths Recorded After Treadmill Exercise in Thoroughbred Horses     

K. Kusano DVM  R.A. Curtis BSc SMIEEE  C.A. Goldman BScAgr  D.L. Evans BVSc  PhD 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2007,27(8):362-368

Analysis of individual breaths after exercise has potential for pulmonary function testing. The aims of this study were to investigate the dependence of measurements of pulmonary function in single breaths on time postexercise and tidal volume (V_T) after treadmill exercise. Five Thoroughbred horses without evidence of airway disease were used. Horses had been previously acclimated to treadmill exercise and to wearing a face mask. A Quadflow spirometer recorded airflow rates continuously during 90 seconds after intense treadmill exercise to fatigue. Indices of function were based on ratios of times within each breath and analyses of the shape of relative flow–time curves within inspiration and expiration. Restricted maximum likelihood, general linear regression, repeated-measures one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and two sample t-tests were used, with statistical significance at P < .05. Time postexercise had no effect on several ratios based on time for inspiration (T_I) and expiration (T_E), and times to peak flows (T_I/T_T, T_E/T_T, T_E/T_I, Tpef [peak expiratory flow]/T_E, and Tpif [peak inspiratory flow]/T_I). Many variables were significantly dependent on V_T. Occasional big respiratory cycles with V_T more than 10% greater than in the previous breath had significantly different means for relative flow (Rf)/(T_E/T_I), epz_50% (50% of the time from Tpef to end of expiration), epz_75% (75% of the time from Tpef to end of expiration), and ipz_75% (75% of the time from Tpif to end of inspiration). Predicted means for these variables differed by 10–20%. This study establishes guidelines for the selection of breaths after exercise, and describes a new approach to measurement of relative flow and time relationships. It was concluded that several time-based ratios have potential for measuring pulmonary function. However, care is needed when selecting breaths for calculation of most of the new relative flow–time variables.  相似文献   

Restoration and stress relief through physical activities in forests and parks   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Ralf Hansmann  Stella-Maria Hug  Klaus Seeland 《Urban Forestry & Urban Greening》2007,6(4):213-225

A field survey assessed the restorative effects of visiting an urban forest and a city park in Zurich, Switzerland. Respondents rated their headaches, level of stress, and how balanced they felt both prior to visiting the outdoor location and at the time of being interviewed. Suffering from headaches and stress decreased significantly, and feeling well-balanced increased significantly. The recovery ratio for stress was 87%, and the reduction in headaches was 52%, in terms of the possible improvements on five-point rating scales. With respect to feeling well-balanced, the observed changes amounted to 40% of the possible enhancement. Positive effects increased with length of visit, and individuals practising sports (e.g., jogging, biking, playing ball) showed significantly higher improvements than those engaged in less strenuous activities (e.g., taking a walk or relaxing). These findings support previous research on how exercise in green spaces promotes well-being and recovery from stress.  相似文献   

Clinical Guide to Obesity and Nonherbal Nutraceuticals in Canine Orthopedic Conditions     

《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice》2022,52(4):939-958

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Exercising the Pregnant Mare from Day 16 to Day 80 of Gestation     

Jason E. Anton  Kristine L. Vernon  Dale E. Kelley  John R. Gibbons  Glen Birrenkott  Chris J. Mortensen 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2014

Our previous research has demonstrated moderate exercise can be detrimental to early pregnancy in the mare, but little work has examined exercise after pregnancy has been detected. We exercised mares (n = 8) 6 days a week for 45 min from Day 16 until Day 80 of gestation. Color Doppler ultrasonography was used to evaluate embryonic vesicle size, fetal length, and uterine blood flow. Blood was sampled every other day to analyze cortisol and progesterone concentrations. Results indicated that exercising pregnant mares (n = 4) led to greater (P < .01) cortisol concentrations 30 min after the exercise period. No overall treatment effect could be detected in progesterone concentrations; however, following Day 60 of gestation, progesterone concentrations were lower (P < .05) in exercised mares. Additionally, progesterone concentrations peaked earlier in exercised mares at Day 52 of gestation compared to peak levels at Day 68 of gestation for control mares. No significant effects were detected in embryonic vesicle size. Fetal length tended (P = .06) to be longer in the conceptus of exercised mares. Uterine blood flow did not differ between groups but increased as pregnancy progressed (P < .001) in both groups. All mares in this study went on to deliver healthy foals and suffered no difficulties during parturition. These results indicated that moderate exercise was not detrimental to mare pregnancy.  相似文献   

The Effect of Different Physical Exercise on Plasma Leptin,Cortisol, and Some Energetic Parameters Concentrations in Purebred Arabian Horses     

Witold Kędzierski  Anna Cywińska 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2014

Leptin is a hormone that coordinates food intake, energy expenditure, and metabolic rate; it is, however, unknown how exercise influences plasma leptin concentration in horses. The aim of the study was to evaluate the exercise-induced changes in plasma leptin concentration in purebred Arabian horses competing in races and endurance rides. A total number of 26 horses (12 purebred Arabian racehorses aged 3–5 years and 14 endurance horses aged 7–14 years) were studied during performing routine physical exercise. From each horse, blood samples were collected at rest and immediately after the exercise session. Concentrations of plasma leptin, cortisol, lactic acid, uric acid, triacylglycerols, glycerol and free fatty acids were determined. Exercise-induced increase in cortisol and free fatty acid values were higher in endurance horses than in racehorses. Neither endurance nor race exercises influenced the plasma leptin concentration. Further research is needed to elucidate the effects of different types of exercise on leptin synthesis and secretion in horses.  相似文献   

不同运动处方对促进大学新生身高增长的研究*     

邓奎  杨栋  熊曼丽 《上海交通大学学报(农业科学版)》2014,(4):97-99

以悬垂、弹跳、耐力练习为主要内容建立运动处方,采用正交实验的方法,对年龄在17岁左右的大学新生进行了为期8个 月的实验。结果表明,针对性的运动处方锻炼对男性身高的增长具有非常显著性的影响,女性没有表现出显著性差异;三因素 中,悬垂练习对人体身高的增长贡献最大,其次为弹跳练习和耐力练习;实验各因素的最优组合出现在第二组,即：原地纵跳 或跳绳、悬垂振浪、1600m变速跑,采用这种组合练习对身高增长最为有利。  相似文献