排序方式： 共有19条查询结果，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Y. Wu W.‐B. Liu H.‐Y. Li W.‐N. Xu J.‐X. He X.‐F. Li G.‐Z. Jiang 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2013,19(6):886-894
A feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary fructooligosaccharide (FOS) on growth performance, body composition, intestinal enzymes activities and histology of fingerling Megalobrama amblycephala. A total of 1200 fish (1.42 ± 0.01 g) were fed diets containing graded levels of FOS (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 8 g kg−1 diet) for 8 weeks in a recirculating system indoor. The weight gain, specific growth rate (SGR) and survival rate were all improved in dietary supplementation of FOS fed fish. Increasing FOS levels resulted in both higher whole‐body lipid and lower moisture contents, whereas ash and protein contents showed no significant differences among all the treatments. Intestinal amylase, protease, Na+, K+‐ATPase, alkaline phosphatase, γ‐glutamyl transpeptidase and creatine kinase activities all increased with dietary FOS levels up to 4 g kg−1 (P < 0.05). Transmission electron microscopy analysis indicated that microvilli length in the mid‐intestine was significantly increased with increased dietary FOS levels (P < 0.05). In conclusion, dietary supplementation of FOS could confer benefits on growth performance, intestinal digestive and absorptive ability, histology of fingerling Megalobrama amblycephala. 相似文献
2.
Fructooligosaccharides (FOS) are widely researched as prebiotics and immunostimulants in humans and terrestrial animals. However, limited researches on immune functions of FOS were reported in crustacean. In the present study, red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii were fed with different concentrations of FOS (2.0, 5.0, 8.0, 10.0 g kg?1 diet), and then the immunostimulatory effects of FOS were evaluated by measuring immune parameters and examining immune‐related gene expression. PO and SOD activities were significantly increased in groups fed with 8.0 or 10.0 g kg?1 of FOS compared with those in control group. In addition, significant elevations of SOD and phagocytic activities were also observed in group fed with 5.0 g kg?1 of FOS. Among examined immune‐related genes, expressions of crustin1, lysozyme, SOD and pro‐PO were significantly up‐regulated by feeding with 8.0 or 10.0 g kg?1 of dietary FOS. Survival rates of crayfish challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila were significantly improved by feeding with 5.0, 8.0 or 10.0 g kg?1 of dietary FOS for 30 days. Phagocytic activities and bacterial clearance efficiencies were also significantly increased in groups fed with 8.0 or 10.0 g kg?1 of FOS. The results indicated that dietary FOS effectively induced innate immune responses of red swamp crayfish in a dose‐dependent way and could be used as potential immunostimulant in crustacean. 相似文献
3.
本试验旨在探讨饲粮添加果寡糖对产蛋后期蛋鸡生产性能、营养素利用率、血清生化指标和肠道形态结构的影响。选取384只65周龄、体重和产蛋率相近的健康海兰褐蛋鸡,随机分成4组,每组8个重复,每个重复12只鸡。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组在基础饲粮中分别添加0.2%、0.4%和0.6%的果寡糖。试验预试期1周,正试期12周。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,饲粮添加0.2%果寡糖显著降低试验后期(第7～12周)蛋鸡料蛋比(P<0.05),且料蛋比随果寡糖添加量的增加呈二次曲线变化(P<0.05)。2)试验期末(第12周末),蛋黄颜色评分随饲粮果寡糖添加量的增加呈线性升高(P<0.05)。3)与对照组相比,饲粮添加0.2%果寡糖显著提高了试验期末蛋鸡对饲粮的表观代谢能和粗蛋白质利用率(P<0.05),且表观代谢能和粗蛋白质利用率随果寡糖添加量的增加呈二次曲线变化(P<0.05)。4)试验期末蛋鸡血清总蛋白和球蛋白含量随果寡糖添加量的增加呈线性增加(P<0.05),血清总胆固醇、甘油三酯和高密度脂蛋白含量随果寡糖添加量的增加呈线性降低(P<0.05),其中0.4%果寡糖添加组和0.6%果寡糖添加组蛋鸡血清甘油三酯含量较对照组显著降低(P<0.05)。5)与对照组相比,饲粮添加0.2%果寡糖显著降低了试验第12周末蛋鸡空肠隐窝深度(P <0.05),显著增加了蛋鸡回肠绒毛高度(P <0.05)。由此可见,饲粮添加果寡糖可改善产蛋后期蛋鸡肠道形态结构,提高营养素利用率,调节脂质代谢,从而提高生产性能和改善蛋品质,且在试验后期效果更加显著。以生产性能为判断依据,推荐产蛋后期蛋鸡基础饲粮中果寡糖的添加量为0.20%～0.25%。 相似文献
4.
果寡糖对肉鸡生长、肠道菌群和肠形态的影响 总被引：20，自引：0，他引：20
研究了饲粮中分别添加0、2000、4000、6000mg/kg果寡糖对艾维菌商品代肉鸡生长性能、肠道菌群和肠形态的影响。结果表明：目粮中添加4000mg/kg果寡糖使肉鸡日增重提高了9．53％（P＜0．01），2000、4000mg/kg果寡糖使料重比分别降低了5．09％（P＜0．05）和7．87％（P＜0．05）；4000mg/kg果寡糖使盲肠中双歧杆菌和总厌氧菌数分别增加了257．65％（P＜0．05）和100．00％（P＜0．05），使梭菌数下降了79．36％（P＜0．05）；2000、4000mg/kg果寡糖使盲肠中乳酸杆菌数分别增加了45．73％（P＜0．05）和67．97％（P＜0．01），使大肠杆菌数分别下降了75．71％（P＜0．05）和71．35％（P＜0．05）；4000和6000mg/kg果寡糖使盲肠中乙酸、丁酸和总短链脂肪酸含量分别提高了23．25％（P＜0．05）和26．08％（P＜0．05）、144．36％（P＜0．05）和202．97％（P＜0．01）、47．08％（P＜0．01）和58．31％（P＜0．01）；2000、4000和6000mg/kg果寡糖使盲肠中丙酸含量分别提高了45．27％（P＜0．05）、73．22％（P＜0．01）和89．37（P＜0．01）；4000、6000mg/kg果寡糖使盲肠上皮黏膜腺窝深度和细胞密度分别提高了22．62％（P＜0．05）和25．72％（P＜0．01）、19．28％（P＜0．05）和23．07％（P＜0．05）。 相似文献
5.
果寡糖对肉鸡生产性能、肠道菌群、消化酶活性及屠宰性能的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
选择1日龄岭南黄高产快大型商品肉雏鸡2000只,随机分成5个处理组,每组设4个重复,每个重复100只(公母各半).各处理组肉鸡日粮分别添加0(对照)、0.2%、0.4%、0.6%、0.8%果寡糖.结果显示,肉鸡日粮中添加0.6%水平的果寡糖可显著降低肉鸡的料重比(P＜0.05),提高肠道淀粉酶、脂肪酶和胃蛋白酶的活性(P＜0.05).盲肠内容物微生物检测结果提示,日粮中添加适量果寡糖可显著改善肉鸡肠道微生态环境(P＜0.05).果寡糖对肉鸡的屠宰性能没有显著影响. 相似文献
6.
果寡糖对固始鸡血液生理指标的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本试验旨在研究不同添加剂量的果寡糖对固始鸡血液生理指标的影响,并确定果寡糖的最佳添加剂量。选用1日龄固始鸡公雏150只,随机分成5个处理组,1个为对照组,其余4个为试验组,对照组不加果寡糖,其他4个组的果寡糖添加水平分别为3、5、7mg/kg和9mg/kg。测定红细胞压积(PCV)、血红蛋白(Hb)含量、红细胞数量、白细胞数量、平均红细胞体积(MCV)、平均红细胞血红蛋白含量(MCH)和平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度(MCHC)等指标。试验结果表明:1)21和42日龄时,果寡糖试验组的红细胞压积、血红蛋白含量、红细胞数量和白细胞数量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05);与对照组相比,试验组的MCH和MCHC均略有升高,并且可以显著提高MCHC(P<0.05);2)日粮中添加5mg/kg果寡糖对提高红细胞压积、血红蛋白含量、红细胞数量、白细胞数量、MCH和MCHC具有最佳效果。 相似文献
7.
本试验旨在研究果寡糖(FOS)对固始鸡生产性能、胴体组成和肉品质的影响,并确定果寡糖的最佳添加剂量。选用1日龄固始鸡公雏150只,分成5个处理组,一个为对照组,其余的4个为试验组,对照组不加果寡糖,其他4个组的果寡糖添加水平分别为3、5、7、9mg/kg。测定日增重、日采食量、料重比、胴体组成、肌肉滴水损失率和pH值等指标。试验结果表明:1)在0～42日龄阶段,果寡糖试验组的日增重和饲料效率均显著高于对照组(P<0.05);2)在42日龄时,与对照组相比,添加果寡糖可以显著提高胸肌重、腿肌重、胸肌率、腿肌率和肌肉的pH值(P<0.05),同时还可以显著降低肌肉的滴水损失率(P<0.05);3)日粮中添加5mg/kg果寡糖对提高固始鸡日增重、饲料效率和胴体组成以及改善肌肉肉品质具有最佳效果。试验结果说明,日粮中添加果寡糖能够提高固始鸡的生产性能和胴体组成,并且也能够改善肌肉的品质。 相似文献
8.
对低聚异麦芽糖、大豆低聚糖、低聚果糖和低聚木糖4种功能性低聚糖的化学组成、分布及生理功效进行了阐述,并分析了功能性低聚糖研究中存在的问题,最后对其应用前景作了展望。 相似文献
9.
The present study was conducted to determine the effects of fructo‐oligosaccharide (FOS) on the nitrogen (N) utilization and digestibilities of dietary nutrients through cecotrophy in guinea pigs. Adult male guinea pigs that were housed or not housed in wooden frames to prevent cecotrophy were fed a commercial pellet diet (50 g/day) with 3% and 5% glucose or FOS for 8 days in individual metabolism cages. In the guinea pigs allowed cecotrophy, addition of FOS to the diet had no significant effects on body weight gain or apparent digestibility of N, but showed significantly lower value for the urinary N excretion and acid‐detergent fiber digestibility (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively) and significantly higher value for N retention and the N retention rate (P < 0.05). In the guinea pigs prevented from cecotrophy, FOS had no effect on N retention, but showed tendencies toward a higher value for fecal N excretion and a lower value for urinary N excretion. These results suggest that FOS stimulates cecal microbial proliferation, thereby improving N utilization in guinea pigs. 相似文献
10.
为研究氨氮应激条件下果寡糖对团头鲂(Megalobrama amblycephala)非特异免疫指标的影响,试验选择360尾初重为13.5 g的团头鲂随机分为3组,每组4个重复,每缸30尾鱼,对照组投喂基础日粮,试验组分别投喂果寡糖(FOS)添加量为0.4%和0.8%的日粮,饲养8周,养殖试验结束后,用10 mg/L的NH4Cl对24尾鱼进行氨氮应激试验。试验结果显示,氨氮应激前,0.4%FOS组的血液谷丙转氨酶(GPT)活性显著低于对照组和0.8%FOS组,在氨氮应激后,0.4%FOS组的GOT活性有降低的趋势,但仅在24 h时显著低于0.8%组,0.8%组和对照组之间并无显著差异;血清酸性磷酸酶、补体3(C3)、补体4(C4)、酚氧化酶都出现先升高后降低的趋势,分别在应激后的3、24、12、12 h达到最大值。此外,应激前0.4%FOS组补体C3、C4、酚氧化酶的活性都显著高于对照组,应激后0.4%FOS组C3在3 h处显著高于对照组,但是在其它时间点各组差异并不显著,果寡糖添加水平和采样时间对这些免疫指标都无显著的交互作用。结果表明饲料中添加0.4%的果寡糖能够提高团头鲂的免疫力指标活性,提高了团头鲂抗氨氮应激的能力。 相似文献