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在棉花生产中,经常出现蕾铃脱落现象,一般年份蕾铃脱落率为40%~50%,特殊情况下可高达60%以上,严重影响了棉花产量和棉农收益。近几年,根据山东省泰安地区的生态条件和棉花的生育特点,对蕾铃脱落规律进行了详细的探讨.对导致棉花蕾铃脱落的原因进行了深入的分析.提出了相应的防治对策。 相似文献
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棉花蕾铃脱落是影响单位面积产量提高的一个重大问题,蕾铃脱落率一般为70%左右,严重的达80%以上,因此,认识蕾铃脱落的规律,弄清蕾铃脱落的原因,掌握减少蕾铃脱落的措施,对提高棉花单产非常重要。 1982年6月在望城公社卫东大队五队作了关于蕾铃脱落情况的田间调查。按五点取样,每点固定10株,共调查50株。脱落率的计算是以脱落数除以果节数。调查结果如下: 相似文献
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减少蕾铃脱落,是夺取棉花高产的一个重要问题。近几年来,我们小面积试验产量仅停留在三百斤左右,运城地区大面积还突不破百斤关,在技术上主要是蕾铃脱落问题没有解决。一般在小面积上脱落率为40—50%,大面积上脱落率为70—80%。伟大领袖毛主席曾指示:“你们要研究一下为什么落桃的问题,是否可以研究个办法,叫它少落或不落。”一九六四年,我到北京参加全国棉花生产会议时,敬爱的周总理也给我提出了研究棉花蕾铃脱落问题的任务。十多年来,我在棉花生产实践中认识了一些问题,摸索了一些措施,但是摸得不透,认识肤浅。我一定要在全国农业学大寨、普及大寨县的大好形势下,再接再厉,猛攻蕾铃脱落关,夺取棉花高产。 相似文献
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棉花是江西省的主要经济作物,在江西省占有非常重要的地位,但历年来棉花产量提高不快,其中一个重要的制约因素就是棉花蕾铃脱落问题。据统计,正常情况下,一般蕾铃脱落率为70%左右。因此,了解蕾铃脱落规律,寻求减少脱落的有效途径,对于提高产量有着非常重要的意义。 相似文献
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要夺取棉花高产丰收,征全苗壮苗的些础上,防止蕾铃脱落是个很重要的关键。蕾铃脱落的原因虽很复杂,但害虫的为害是主要原因之一。据我们调查,一般虫害造成的蕾铃脱落可占蕾铃脱落总数的20—30%,严重的达50—60%以上。为害蕾铃造成脱落的棉花害虫在我省主要有棉铃虫、红铃虫、金钢钻、斜纹夜蛾、盲蝽象、玉米蜈和小卷叶虫等。正确识别这些害虫为害蕾铃造成脱落的症状,是对症下药,搞好棉花蕾铃害虫防治的基础。为便于田间调查分析,我试将 相似文献
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概述了海峡两岸农业交流与合作的现状,提出了应该共同呼吁尽快实现两岸“三通”,开放农业生物技术图书期刊资料交流以及开放生物学科方面网络的思路,以便为农业交流与合作的顺畅开展打好基础,并寄希望能够就糖蔗、果蔗以及甘蔗笋等方面的研究与开发到台湾学习取经,开展学术交流或与台湾同行共同开展研究,为我省甘蔗业的发展作出贡献。 相似文献
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《Journal of Cereal Science》2007,45(3):236-251
Sorghum is a good source of phenolic compounds with a variety of genetically dependent types and levels including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and condensed tannins. Most sorghums do not contain condensed tannins, but all contain phenolic acids. Pigmented sorghums contain unique anthocyanins that could be potential food colorants. Some sorghums have a prominent pigmented testa that contains condensed tannins composed of flavan-3-ols with variable length. Flavan-3-ols of up to 8–10 units have been separated and quantitatively analyzed. These tannin sorghums are excellent antioxidants, which slow hydrolysis in foods, produce naturally dark-colored products and increase the dietary fiber levels of food products. Sorghums have high concentration of 3-deoxyanthocyanins (i.e. luteolinidin and apigenidin) that give stable pigments at high pH. Pigmented and tannin sorghum varieties have high antioxidant levels that are comparable to fruits and vegetables. Finger millet has tannins in some varieties that contain a red testa. There are limited data on the phenolic compounds in millets; only phenolic acids and flavones have been identified. 相似文献
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Sorghum and millet phenols and antioxidants 总被引:5,自引:2,他引:5
Sorghum is a good source of phenolic compounds with a variety of genetically dependent types and levels including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and condensed tannins. Most sorghums do not contain condensed tannins, but all contain phenolic acids. Pigmented sorghums contain unique anthocyanins that could be potential food colorants. Some sorghums have a prominent pigmented testa that contains condensed tannins composed of flavan-3-ols with variable length. Flavan-3-ols of up to 8–10 units have been separated and quantitatively analyzed. These tannin sorghums are excellent antioxidants, which slow hydrolysis in foods, produce naturally dark-colored products and increase the dietary fiber levels of food products. Sorghums have high concentration of 3-deoxyanthocyanins (i.e. luteolinidin and apigenidin) that give stable pigments at high pH. Pigmented and tannin sorghum varieties have high antioxidant levels that are comparable to fruits and vegetables. Finger millet has tannins in some varieties that contain a red testa. There are limited data on the phenolic compounds in millets; only phenolic acids and flavones have been identified. 相似文献
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Summary Between 1993 and 1998 205 different potato cultivars and 1220 accessions/genotypes of wild and cultivated potato species from
the IPK Genebank Gatersleben were evaluated. Parameters interesting for starch isolation and especially for the use of starch
were determined. Altogether, there was a higher variability in wild potato species than in cultivated potatoes for all characteristics
investigated: dry matter content, starch content, protein content, amylose content and mean particle diameter of starch granules. 相似文献
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近年来,随着大豆播种面积的增长,受病虫危害日趋严重。特别是大豆根潜蝇(又名根明)与根腐病共同发生危害,严重影响大豆的生产。综合防治技术主要手段是三年以上轮作,适时播种及种衣剂拌种等措施。 相似文献
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In field experiments conducted over 2 years in Mediterranean conditions, five winter and five spring triticales were evaluated for forage and grain production in the same cropping season. The experiments had two treatments, namely harvesting for grain only, and dual-purpose forage and grain production. In the latter treatment, forage was cut when the first node was detectable (Zadoks' stage 31), without removing the apical meristems. Grain was harvested when ripe (Zadoks' stage 92) in both cut and uncut plots.
Environmental conditions affected grain production and protein content more than forage yield and quality. Winter triticales yielded about 43% more forage than spring types, but after forage removal the spring types yielded about 36% more grain than winter triticales.
Reductions in grain yield after clipping were more pronounced in winter (32%) than in spring (19%) types. Forage crude protein content was significantly higher in the spring types studied (24.6%) than in the winter types (23.5%), the opposite being true for fibre content (20.7 and 21.6% respectively). Grain crude protein content did not differ between grain and dual-purpose treatments, but was higher in the spring triticales (12.8%) than in the winter types (11.9%). There was more variability for the measured traits within the winter triticales studied than within the spring types. 相似文献
Environmental conditions affected grain production and protein content more than forage yield and quality. Winter triticales yielded about 43% more forage than spring types, but after forage removal the spring types yielded about 36% more grain than winter triticales.
Reductions in grain yield after clipping were more pronounced in winter (32%) than in spring (19%) types. Forage crude protein content was significantly higher in the spring types studied (24.6%) than in the winter types (23.5%), the opposite being true for fibre content (20.7 and 21.6% respectively). Grain crude protein content did not differ between grain and dual-purpose treatments, but was higher in the spring triticales (12.8%) than in the winter types (11.9%). There was more variability for the measured traits within the winter triticales studied than within the spring types. 相似文献
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种子加工、检验理论与技术现状及思考 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
种子加工及检验是种子向市场流通的关键,是商业化育种中赋予种子商品属性不可或缺的环节。种子加工、检验理论与技术的研究是完善种业产业链、实现规模化商业育种、夯实“育繁推一体化”种业科学的重要一环。中国的种业科学技术体系正在形成与完善之中,受制于行业发展水平,种子加工及检验理论与技术相对薄弱。本文回顾了种子加工及检验理论与技术研究发展历程,提出了完善中国种业科学发展的策略与建议。围绕种业发展的需要,在做好品种优质化繁育的基础上,分析种子加工及检验理论与技术的新方向和新需求,加强种业应用性研究,建立先进的种子质量检验体系,研制适合现代种业发展需求的种子加工设备,打造种子加工产业标准化生产体系,完善种业科学技术学科建设,促进种业产业持续健康发展。 相似文献
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《Journal of Crop Improvement》2013,27(1):313-324
Summary Arbuscular mycorrhizae were inoculated into phosphorus-deficient soil fertilized with either organic or chemical fertilizer with cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) as the first crop and lettuce (Lactu-ca sativa L.) as the second crop but without additional fertilization and AM inoculation. AM increased dry matter and fruit yield of cucumber significantly in the unfertilized, organic-fertilized and P-deficient plants compared with the fully chemical-fertilized plants. AM inoculation increased the available phosphorus in plant and soil by around 30% for all treatments except for those chemically-fertilized. The rate of AM infection did not differ significantly among the fertilization treatments, but the infection intensity was higher in unfertilized, organic-fertilized and phosphorus-deficient treatments than chemical-fertilized treatment. The residual effects of AM-inoculated to cucumber were evident for lettuce in all pre-treatments that were unfertilized and un-inoculated for the second cropping. Without P-fertilization, neither crop could grow optimally even when the soil was inoculated with AM, suggesting that AM could not serve as a substitute for phosphorus fertilizer. However, the other beneficial effects of AM on crop growth and yield could not be fulfilled with phosphorus fertilizer. 相似文献