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1999年4月在荣县的观山乡。五宝镇和贡井、大安的两个养殖场采集牛、猪、羊、犬、鸡、鸭、鹅、兔八种动物粪便1555头（只）份,实验室用漂浮法、沉淀法检出被感染的动物有581头只,总感染率为37．36％。检出的寄生虫有线虫、球虫、吸虫、螨虫、绦虫、棘头虫等6类虫种。其中牛主要有肝片吸虫、前后盘吸虫;猪有球虫、线虫;羊有线虫、球虫、吸虫;犬有线虫、螨虫;鸡有线虫、螨虫;鸭有球虫、线虫;鹅有球虫、线虫;兔有球虫、线虫等。经过调查基本摸清了这两个乡镇和养殖场危害动物的主要寄生虫,为全市防制寄生虫工作提供了科学依据。1材料… 相似文献
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重庆市畜禽寄生虫区系调查(一) 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
根据重庆市的地理及养殖业因素，采取集中和专项调查方式，对重庆市主要畜禽进行寄生虫区系调查。共剖检9种畜禽2113头（只），并对40个中小型鸡场约8000只鸡、20个养兔场约3000只兔、鸭和鹅各2000余只、种猪300余头、散养山羊400余只进行粪便调查，对收集的虫体标本进行鉴定。共发现寄生虫237种，其中吸虫61种、绦虫41种、线虫56种、棘头虫3种、蜘蛛昆虫35种、原虫41种。它们隶属于5门9纲21目68科116属；寄生于猪的寄生虫有23种、牛59种、羊52种、兔19种、犬7种、马4种、鸡53种、鸭66种和鹅12种。 相似文献
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对黔东南州不同地理环境、不同饲养方法、不同气候特点的丹寨、黄平、天柱、三穗等10个县部分乡镇自繁自养鸡458只、鸭452只、鹅396只的寄生虫感染状况及地理分布作了调查，采用蠕虫学完全解剖法，系统分类学鉴定虫体，从鸡检出寄生虫种类52种，隶属于6纲11目25科36属，其中吸虫6科8属12种：绦虫4科9属14种；线虫6科9属13种；蜘蛛昆虫6科7属7种；原虫3科3属6种。从鸭中检出55种虫体，其中吸虫23种．绦虫17种、线虫10种、棘头虫3种、蜘蛛昆虫3种，隶属于5纲10目20科39属。从鹅体共检出寄生虫29种，隶属于4纲7目12科22属。其中吸虫11种，绦虫9种，线虫7种，昆虫2种。为我州开展鸡鸭鹅寄生虫病的防治提供了科学依据。 相似文献
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上海等4省市动物冠状病毒的流行病学调查 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
对上海、浙江、安徽和湖北4个地区感染鸡、鸭、猪、牛和犬的5种冠状病毒,即禽传染性支气管炎病毒(IBV)、猪传染性胃肠炎病毒(TEGV)、猪呼吸道冠状病毒(PRCV)、牛冠状病毒(BCV)和犬冠状病毒(CCV)进行病原学和血清学抽查,共完成测试样品2 368份,包括566份拭子样品和1 802份血清样品。检出IBV抗原阳性4份。在血清学调查中,发现IBV抗体的阳性率为86.4%(鸡)和0.7%(鸭);猪TGEV阳性率为6.8%,PRCV阳性率为18.7%;牛BCV阳性率为5.4%;犬冠状病毒的阳性率为50%。 相似文献
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本文报道了应用蠕虫学完全解剖法调查不同地区、不同环境的牛、猪、鸡、鸭、鹅、兔、犬８种动物感染人畜共患寄生虫结果，检出人畜共患寄生虫３０种，隶属于５纲９目１５科２１属，为今后本地区开展寄生虫病防制和预防医学的防治提供可靠的依据。 相似文献
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陈君 《兽药与饲料添加剂》1999,(3)
笔者在40多年的牧医实践工作中，深刻的体会到有7种草药对驱除畜禽寄生虫具有良效。现介绍如下，以供农、牧民朋友选用。1）烟叶研细末，按2％加入饲料，任鸡自由采食。每天2次，连喂4~5天，驱除鸡蛔虫有良效。兔、猪、鸡、牛、羊、马等灭虱子，可用2％~5％的煎剂，涂刷或喷雾被毛，也有好效果。2）鹤草根芽仙鹤草长出的嫩根芽含有鹤草酚，可驱除禽绦虫。干品，每次成禽用2~4g内服。浸膏，每kg体重可用150mg，内服。（3）槟榔驱除鸡绦虫、鸭和鹅剑带绦虫均9有良效。成鸡每kg体重用ig，煎汁注入嚷囊。）鸭、鹅每kg体重用0．759煎浓汁灌服。7… 相似文献
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在生产实践中,人们未全面重视畜禽蠕虫病。本文就广安县为例,试论畜禽蠕虫病的防治,以与同行共勉。 1 畜禽蠕虫感染的特点 据1983年和1988年对该县水牛、山羊、猪、鸭、鹅、兔和犬共220头(只)进行系统普查与虫种鉴定表明,畜禽蠕虫有100种,隶属于4纲41科64属,其中:吸虫纲有13科22属34种,绦虫纲有8科15属25种,线虫纲有18科25属38种,棘头虫纲有2科2属3种。从宿主来看,水牛有18种、山羊16种、猪8种、鸡23种、鸭25种、鹅8种、兔2种、犬7种。该县畜禽蠕虫感染有以下特点: 1.1 感染率高。在被检的220头(只)畜禽中,有 相似文献
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黑龙江省铁力市某林业局一林场,王某饲养的水禽(鸭、鹅)与猪同一个圈,在圈的东头用木板隔开养水禽.共养鸭40只、鹅45只、断奶后的仔猪64头、育肥猪84头.2009年10月5日,早晨起来见到鸭死亡2只,鹅死亡1只,第2天早晨发现猪死亡4头,断乳后的仔猪2头,育肥猪2头. 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制. 相似文献
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Billinghurst RC Brama PA van Weeren PR Knowlton MS McIlwraith CW 《American journal of veterinary research》2004,65(2):143-150
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether serum concentrations of biomarkers of skeletal metabolism can, in conjunction with radiographic evaluation, indicate severity of osteochondrosis in developing horses. ANIMALS: 43 Dutch Warmblood foals with varying severity of osteochondrosis. PROCEDURE: 24 foals were monitored for 5 months and 19 foals were monitored for 11 months. Monthly radiographs of femoropatellar-femorotibial and tibio-tarsal joints were graded for osteochondral abnormalities. Serial blood samples were assayed for 8 cartilage and bone biomarkers. At the end of the monitoring period, foals were examined for macroscopic osteochondrosis lesions. RESULTS: Temporal relationships were evident between certain serum biomarkers and osteochondrosis severity in foals during their first year. Biomarkers of collagen degradation (collagenase-generated neoepitopes of type-II collagen fragments, type-I and -II collagen fragments [COL2-3/4C(short)], and cross-linked telopeptide fragments of type-I collagen) and bone mineralization (osteocalcin) were positive indicators of osteochondrosis severity at 5 months of age. In foals with lesions at 11 months of age, osteochondrosis severity correlated negatively with COL2-3/4C(short) and osteocalcin and positively with C-propeptide of type-II procollagen (CPII), a collagen synthesis marker. Radiographic grading of osteochondrosis lesions significantly correlated with macroscopic osteochondrosis severity score at both ages and was strongest when combined with osteocalcin at 5 months and CPII at 11 months. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The ability of serum biomarkers to indicate osteochondrosis severity appears to depend on stage of disease and is strengthened with radiography. In older foals with more permanent lesions, osteochondrosis severity is significantly related to biomarker concentrations of decreased bone formation and increased cartilage synthesis. 相似文献