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临床收集阴道毛滴虫(Trichomonas vaginalis)进行体外纯培养,通过总核酸电泳筛选携病毒株.分别用DNA酶和RNA酶处理携病毒株总核酸后电泳.电镜观察阴道毛滴虫及其病毒粒子.根据已发表的阴道毛滴虫病毒基因序列设计合成1对引物,进行RT-PCR,将其产物连接到pMD18-T载体,进行克隆并测序,通过BLAST在GenBank进行同源性搜索,并用DNAStar分子生物学软件进行分析.用放射自显影测定阴道毛滴虫病毒的RNA依赖的RNA聚合酶(RDRP)活性.结果显示,阴道毛滴虫病毒呈球形、二十面体、直径33 nm.病毒基因组约5.5 kb,病毒核酸不能被DNA酶(100 mg/L)降解,但可被RNA酶(1.0 mg/L)降解,病毒基因组有RDRP活性.经RT-PCR扩增后得到1条1 454 bp的片段,与预计大小基本相符,其序列与阴道毛滴虫病毒T1基因的同源性为82.9%.结果表明,在我国阴道毛滴虫长春分离株发现阴道毛滴虫病毒,该病毒属于dsRNA病毒. 相似文献
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对一群3月龄腹泻仔猪以常规组织病理学方法诊断出了小球隐孢子虫(Cryptosporidium parvum),同时又以免疫组织化学方法证实了具有圆环病毒Ⅱ型(PCV2)感染。在有大量小球隐孢子虫寄生的肠道区域,其粘膜和粘膜下层存在大量被PCV2感染的细胞。小球隐孢子虫很少为断奶仔猪和生长猪的原发性肠道病原,而小球隐孢子虫和PCV2混合感染表明机体处于免疫抑制状态时提高了猪对隐孢子虫的易感性。 相似文献
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我国部分地区猪圆环病毒2型分离株的遗传变异分析 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
为了解我国猪圆环病毒2型(PCv2)流行毒株遗传变异情况,本研究对本实验室分离到的19株PCV2分离株通过病毒全基因组克隆和测序分析,将其分为2个大基因群和3个亚群,其基因组分别为1 766 nt、1 767 nt和l 768 nt,各占15.8%、73.7%和10.5%.以1 767 nt毒株为基准,其基因组第39或1 039位有1个碱基缺失后突变成1 766 nt毒株;第1 040位有1个碱基插入后突变成1 768 nt毒株.对19株病毒ORF2编码的Cap蛋白分析发现,有4株病毒编码基因发生了突变,出现了705 nt和708 nt两种突变型,使ORF2编码的Cap蛋白C末端分别有1和2个氨基酸增加.同时,本实验选用Acc I和Fba I内切酶对19株病毒基因组PCR产物进行了限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)分析,其结果可作为流行毒株分型鉴别依据. 相似文献
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提取猪源FMDV China99/S组织样品总RNA,利用设计的引物对,分段进行扩增,获得覆盖全基因组的4个重叠片段(A、B、C和E),然后用BsmB Ⅰ/Xma Ⅰ、Xma Ⅰ/BamH Ⅰ、BamH Ⅰ/Not Ⅰ、Hpa Ⅰ/Kpn Ⅰ分别双酶切A、B、E、C,并纯化回收,依次定向克隆到带有聚合酶Ⅰ的pPⅠ cDNA3.1(+)转录载体内,最终得到重组质粒pP1-FMDVcDNA3.1(+);然后对该质粒进行序列测定.结果表明,China99/S株基因组全基因组序列长8 116 nt(含Poly(C)和Poly(A)片段),其中5′NCR长1 064 nt,蛋白编码区核苷酸序列为6 318 nt,编码1个由2 106个氨基酸组成的聚合蛋白,3′NCR长93 nt,其后是含有38个A碱基的Poly(A)尾.其中5′NCR引入含41个C的Poly(C)片段.将pPⅠ FMDVcDNA3.1(+)用脂质体转染法导入BHK-21细胞,传代培养,可以观察到典型的FMDV致细胞病变效应.利用CPE、电镜、动物试验、RT-PCR和序列测定进行检测,结果表明,从该系统中成功拯救出具有感染性的猪源FMDV China99/S株重组病毒. 相似文献
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《中国奶牛》2015,(5)
为了解河南省中牟地区隐孢子虫、贾第虫病感染情况,本研究采用离心沉淀法、卢戈氏碘液染色法和饱和蔗糖溶液漂浮法对该地区5个奶牛养殖场共432份新鲜粪便样本进行检查。结果显示,隐孢子虫、贾第虫的感染率分别为6.7%和7.9%,且感染率均呈现随年龄增加而降低的趋势(P0.01)。同时,应用基于隐孢子虫的18Sr RNA、贾第虫的TPI基因的巢氏PCR方法对所分离的隐孢子虫和贾第虫虫株进行种类或基因型鉴定,发现三个隐孢子虫虫种,分别为C.andersoni(27个)、C.bovis C(6个)和C.parvum(1个),且前者为优势种;贾第虫发现集聚体E(26个)和集聚体A(3个)。该研究可为牛贾第虫病、牛隐孢子虫病的防治工作及其在地方公共卫生学的研究提供一定的基础数据。 相似文献
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本文报道了蓝舌病相关病毒Eubanangee RNA 2与RNA 3 的cDNA克隆及序列分析。采用随机引物将纯化的病毒的dsRNA的第二,三片段逆转录成cDNA,用Sau3AI消化,克隆于BamHI酶切的M_(13)载体中,然后用Sanger双脱氧链终止法进行核酸的序列分析。结果表明:RNA3与BTV(蓝舌病)WJRNA3的同源性达70％以上,而RNA 2与BTV的RNA 2同源性较小。 相似文献
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采进口奶牛粪样200份,收集每份样品中的卵囊液,采用巢式PCR检测隐孢子虫(Cryptosporidium)18S rRNA基因,并用RFLP进行虫种鉴定,将目的片段克隆到pEGM-T easy vector,测序并进行同源性分析以进一步佐证虫种鉴定结果。结果表明,进口奶牛隐孢子虫阳性率为3.5%(7/200),514bp的目的片段不能被EcoT14 Ⅰ酶切。测序分析表明,获得的18S rRNA基因序列与NCBI上公布的微小隐孢子虫(C.parvum)相应序列同源性高达99.4%~100%,与安氏隐孢子虫(C.andersoni)同源性仅为91.1%。说明进口牛粪样中检测出的隐孢子虫为微小隐孢子虫。 相似文献
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PCR-RFLP鉴定隐孢子虫种类研究 总被引：15，自引：2，他引：15
为快速、准确鉴别人畜隐孢子虫种类，建立了巢式PCR扩增隐孢子虫18S rRNA基因的特殊区域，扩增片段测序结果表明：安徽牛源分离株(Cryptosporidium muris)781bp；北京鸡源分离株(C.baileyi)776bp；北京牛源分离株(C.muris)781bp；河南牛源分离株(C.muris)725bp；长春牛源分离株(C.muris)776bp；宁夏鸡源分离株(C.baileyi)725bp.该片段位于18SrRNA全序列271～1103bp之间。使用Ssp I限制性内切酶消化发现C.muris产生418～420bp和305～363bp两个片段，C.baileyi产生544～545bp和185～231bp两个片段。所检测的6个分离株可以显著区分为C.muris和C.baileyi两个种，所建立的PCR-RFLP可以有效鉴别隐孢子虫种类。 相似文献
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试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。 相似文献
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Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections
of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal
(GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April
2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs
located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming
areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology
laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum
columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying
degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal
abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy
season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different
nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those
observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes.
But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the
results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. 相似文献
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Rassnick KM Gieger TL Williams LE Ruslander DM Northrup NC Kristal O Myers NC Moore AS 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2001,15(3):196-199
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks. 相似文献
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Davis MS Willard MD Nelson SL Mandsager RE McKiernan BS Mansell JK Lehenbauer TW 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(3):311-314
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large. 相似文献
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Furosemide continuous rate infusion in the horse: evaluation of enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Johansson AM Gardner SY Levine JF Papich MG LaFevers DH Fuquay LR Reagan VH Atkins CE 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):887-895
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses. 相似文献
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B. Cinar Kul N. Bilgen J.A. Lenstra O. Korkmaz Agaoglu B. Akyuz O. Ertugrul 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2015,132(6):449-453
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded. 相似文献
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Troxel MT Vite CH Van Winkle TJ Newton AL Tiches D Dayrell-Hart B Kapatkin AS Shofer FS Steinberg SA 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):850-859
The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of different tumor types within a large cohort of cats with intracranial neoplasia and to attempt to correlate signalment, tumor size and location, and survival time for each tumor. Medical records of 160 cats with confirmed intracranial neoplasia evaluated between 1985 and 2001 were reviewed. Parameters evaluated included age, sex, breed, FeLV/FIV status, clinical signs, duration of signs, number of tumors, tumor location(s), imaging results, treatment, survival times, and histopathologic diagnosis. Most of the cats were older (11.3 +/- 3.8 years). Primary tumors accounted for 70.6% of cases. Metastasis and direct extension of secondary tumors accounted for only 5.6 and 3.8% of cases, respectively. Twelve cats (7.5%) had 2 or more discrete tumors of the same type, whereas 16 cats (10.0%) had 2 different types of intracranial tumors. The most common tumor types were meningioma (n = 93, 58.1%), lymphoma (n = 23, 14.4%), pituitary tumors (n = 14, 8.8%), and gliomas (n = 12, 7.5%). The most common neurological signs were altered consciousness (n = 42, 26.2%), circling (n = 36, 22.5%), and seizures (n = 36, 22.5%). Cats without specific neurological signs were common (n = 34, 21.2%). The tumor was considered an incidental finding in 30 (18.8%) cats. In addition to expected relationships (eg, meninges and meningioma, pituitary and pituitary tumors), we found that lesion location was predictive of tumor type with diffuse cerebral or brainstem involvement predictive of lymphoma and third ventricle involvement predictive of meningioma. 相似文献
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Waruiru RM Thamsborg SM Nansen P Kyvsgaard NC Bogh HO Munyua WK Gathuma JM 《Tropical animal health and production》2001,33(3):173-187
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round. 相似文献
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The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host. 相似文献