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通过药敏试验研究嗜酸乳杆菌SR-1代谢产物对66种抗生素的耐药性;平板抑菌试验研究嗜酸乳杆菌SR-1代谢产物对35种常见病原菌抑菌作用;与大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌混合培养,确定其对致病菌的颉颃作用.结果表明:嗜酸乳杆菌SR-1代谢产物对15种常见的抗生素有耐药性;pH值为3.0时,其有广谱的抗菌活性,对35种常见革兰阳性和革兰阴性致病菌均有明显的抑制作用,但对肠道内益生菌无抑制作用;在与致病菌混合培养40 h内可以彻底清除金黄色葡萄球菌,48 h内可以完全消灭大肠杆菌.体外抑菌试验结果表明嗜酸乳杆菌SR-1代谢产物具有较强的抑菌作用. 相似文献
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通过药敏试验研究嗜酸乳杆菌SR-1代谢产物对66种抗生素的耐药性；平板抑菌试验研究嗜酸乳杆菌SR-1代谢产物对35种常见病原菌抑菌作用；与大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌混合培养，确定其对致病菌的颉颃作用。结果表明：嗜酸乳杆菌SR-1代谢产物对15种常见的抗生素有耐药性；pH值为3．0时，其有广谱的抗菌活性，对35种常见革兰阳性和革兰阴性致病菌均有明显的抑制作用，但对肠道内益生菌无抑制作用；在与致病菌混合培养40h内可以彻底清除金黄色葡萄球菌，48h内可以完全消灭大肠杆菌。体外抑菌试验结果表明嗜酸乳杆菌SR-1代谢产物具有较强的抑菌作用。 相似文献
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通过药敏试验研究嗜酸乳杆菌SR-1代谢产物对66种抗生素的耐药性;平板抑茵试验研究嗜酸乳杆菌SR-1代谢产物对35种常见病原菌抑菌作用;与大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌混合培养,确定其对致病菌的颉颃作用.结果表明:嗜酸乳杆菌SR-1代谢产物对15种常见的抗生素有耐药性;pH值为3.0时,其有广谱的抗菌活性,对35种常见革兰阳性和革兰阴性致病茵均有明显的抑制作用,但对肠道内益生茵无抑制作用;在与致病菌混合培养40 h内可以彻底清除金黄色葡萄球菌,18 h内可以完全消灭大肠杆菌.体外抑菌试验结果表明嗜酸乳杆菌SR-1代谢产物具有较强的抑菌作用. 相似文献
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枯草芽孢杆菌MA139类细菌素抑菌活性的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为测定枯草芽孢杆菌MA139产生的类细菌素的抑菌活性。本试验采用管碟法对枯草芽孢杆菌MA139产生的类细菌素对多株革兰氏阳性菌、革兰氏阴性菌和真菌的抑菌活性进行测定。结果表明:类细菌素不但对芽孢杆菌属的其他菌种有抗菌活性,对病原菌和霉菌也有拮抗作用;不同指示菌对类细菌素的敏感性不一样,其中金黄色葡萄球菌对其最敏感。该类细菌素具有广谱抗菌作用,有作为畜禽饲料添加剂的潜力。 相似文献
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为了初步研究前期试验筛选获得的枯草芽孢杆菌产细菌素的生物学活性,本试验采用杯碟扩散法绘制出硫酸黏杆菌素和杆菌肽锌两种抗生素的抑菌效价标准曲线,用抗生素效价当量来评价细菌素的活性,并在不同温度处理下测定其抗菌活性和热稳定性。结果表明,125 mg/mL细菌素溶液抑菌效价与26 mg/mL硫酸黏杆菌素或11.9 mg/mL杆菌肽锌溶液相当。此外,该细菌素在高温条件下(60~80 ℃)处理15 min仍能维持较高抑菌活性。综上所述,本试验在细菌素和抗生素的抑菌活力之间建立了更直观的联系,并证明了该细菌素具有较好的热稳定特性,为其产业化推广提供了理论支持和技术借鉴。 相似文献
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为研究从酸马奶中提取的植物乳杆菌DSM20174细菌素的理化特性,本试验提纯植物乳杆菌DSM20174细菌素,经过硫酸铵沉淀、透析后得到细菌素粗提液,再利用SephadexG-100凝胶柱层析进行纯化后,细菌素的比活力明显增加,达到154.70 AU/mL,得率为43.5%.采用牛津杯法测定纯化的植物乳杆菌DSM20174细菌素在3种不同方式处理下对牛源野生致病性大肠杆菌O78抑菌效果的影响.结果显示:①植物乳杆菌DSM20174细菌素在5组温度处理下,随着温度的升高抑菌作用降低,各组抑菌作用差异显著(P<0.05).即使121 ℃处理30 min后,抑菌直径仍达14.90 mm.②植物乳杆菌DSM20174细菌素在pH 2.0~12.0由低到高的11组酸碱处理下,pH越大抑菌直径越小,且除了pH 9.0和pH 10.0之间差异不显著(P>0.05)外,其余各组抑菌作用均差异显著(P<0.05). ③植物乳杆菌DSM20174细菌素经胰蛋白酶、胃蛋白酶、木瓜蛋白酶3种酶处理后抑菌直径变化明显,处理前后抑菌作用均差异显著(P<0.05).结果表明植物乳杆菌DSM20174细菌素是较好的抑菌活性物质,但不是热稳定性物质;具有较广泛的pH适用范围,且pH越小时其抑菌活性越强,在最适生长pH时抑菌活性有所增强;不是蛋白酶稳定性物质. 相似文献
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《中国预防兽医学报》2015,(12)
为鉴定北里乳杆菌97-1(L.kitasatonis 97-1)所产细菌素的抑菌活性及生物特性,本研究利用菌体吸附法在北里乳杆菌97-1厌氧静置培养后的上清中初步提取细菌素97-1,其抗菌活性在培养稳定期后达到最高值6 400(AU/m L),经试验显示该细菌素能够被大多数蛋白酶降解,但耐受过氧化氢酶的处理;进一步研究表明其细菌素对单核细胞增生李斯特菌的生长具有明显抑制作用,同时可以抑制多种革兰氏阳性菌和革兰氏阴性菌,具有广谱抗菌活性;温度和酸碱耐受试验表明该细菌素对高温、强酸和强碱具有高度耐受性。本研究对细菌素97-1的抑菌活性及生物特性的鉴定,为微生态制剂的研制和开发提供了良好的候选资源。 相似文献
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多肽类抗生素是一类具有复杂多肽结构的化学物质,本类抗生素因作用机理不同,抗菌的类别和活性也各异,如多黏菌素可抗革兰氏阴性（G-）菌,杆菌肽可抗革兰氏阳性（G＋）菌。多肽类抗生素抗菌作用强,抗菌谱窄,属杀菌抗生素,具独特的抗菌作用。细菌对多肽类药物的耐药性发展缓慢,此类药物与其他抗菌药物之间极少有交叉耐药性。 相似文献
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鸡肠道内乳酸菌的分离鉴定及体外抑菌试验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《中国动物检疫》2017,(1)
为获得鸡肠道内抑菌效果好、适应性强的乳酸菌,从健康鸡小肠内容物中分离乳酸杆菌,并对其进行生化鉴定。结果成功从鸡小肠中分离出6株细菌。通过革兰氏染色和生化鉴定,发现这6株细菌分别是微小乳酸菌(L.minor)、约氏乳杆菌(L.johnsonii)、弯曲乳杆菌(L.curvatus)、肠乳杆菌(L.intestinalis)、嗜酸乳杆菌(L.acidlophilus)、植物乳杆菌(L.plantarum)。对分离到的6株乳酸菌进行体外抑菌试验,结果表明肠乳杆菌(L.intestinalis)对大肠杆菌有一定的抑菌作用。该研究为后期开发益生菌制剂奠定了一定的基础。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制. 相似文献
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Billinghurst RC Brama PA van Weeren PR Knowlton MS McIlwraith CW 《American journal of veterinary research》2004,65(2):143-150
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether serum concentrations of biomarkers of skeletal metabolism can, in conjunction with radiographic evaluation, indicate severity of osteochondrosis in developing horses. ANIMALS: 43 Dutch Warmblood foals with varying severity of osteochondrosis. PROCEDURE: 24 foals were monitored for 5 months and 19 foals were monitored for 11 months. Monthly radiographs of femoropatellar-femorotibial and tibio-tarsal joints were graded for osteochondral abnormalities. Serial blood samples were assayed for 8 cartilage and bone biomarkers. At the end of the monitoring period, foals were examined for macroscopic osteochondrosis lesions. RESULTS: Temporal relationships were evident between certain serum biomarkers and osteochondrosis severity in foals during their first year. Biomarkers of collagen degradation (collagenase-generated neoepitopes of type-II collagen fragments, type-I and -II collagen fragments [COL2-3/4C(short)], and cross-linked telopeptide fragments of type-I collagen) and bone mineralization (osteocalcin) were positive indicators of osteochondrosis severity at 5 months of age. In foals with lesions at 11 months of age, osteochondrosis severity correlated negatively with COL2-3/4C(short) and osteocalcin and positively with C-propeptide of type-II procollagen (CPII), a collagen synthesis marker. Radiographic grading of osteochondrosis lesions significantly correlated with macroscopic osteochondrosis severity score at both ages and was strongest when combined with osteocalcin at 5 months and CPII at 11 months. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The ability of serum biomarkers to indicate osteochondrosis severity appears to depend on stage of disease and is strengthened with radiography. In older foals with more permanent lesions, osteochondrosis severity is significantly related to biomarker concentrations of decreased bone formation and increased cartilage synthesis. 相似文献