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62只28日龄断奶布列塔尼亚兔用按窝配对法分为3组，试1组日粮中添加0．75％饲用复合酶制剂，试2组日粮中添加0．1％饲用复合酶制剂。结果表明试2组的红细胞浓度显著高于对照组(P＜0．05)。试1组与对照组差异不显著(P＞0．05)；红细胞吸附酵母的成环数试2组也显著高于对照组(P＜0．05)，试1组与对照组相比有下降趋势，差异不显著(P＞0．05)；各组成环率差异均不显著(P＞0．05)。 相似文献
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中药鸡球虫散超微粉对鸡球虫病的疗效研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以15日龄817肉杂鸡为试验动物,研究中药鸡球虫散超微粉对人工感染鸡柔嫩艾美耳球虫的疗效。试验共设7个组：中药超微粉2％、1％、0．5％拌料给药组、中药普通粉（2％）拌料给药组、地克珠利组、感染不给药对照组和不感染不给药对照组。结果显示：中药超微粉2％拌料组、超微粉1％拌料组和地克珠利组抗球虫指数（AcI）分别为196．4、184．6、182．8,抗球虫效果优秀;中药普通粉组（2％拌料）和超微粉组（0．5％拌料）的ACl分别为174．2和169．0．抗球虫效果良好。 相似文献
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感染堆形艾美球虫的鸡血清生化指标检测 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
将36只24日龄AA鸡分为3组，I组每只鸡感染堆形艾美球虫（Eimeria acervulina）孢子化卵囊70万个，Ⅱ组每只鸡感染20万个，Ⅲ组为不感染对照组。对3组试验鸡分别在感染前和感染后4d、7d采心血，分离血清后检测10项生化指标。结果，血清葡萄糖含量和天冬氨酸氨基转移酶活性在感染前后没有显著差异（P＞0．05）；血清总蛋白、白蛋白、甘油三酯含量和酸性磷酸酶活性在4d和7d均显著下降（P＜0．05），其中Ⅱ组鸡的甘油三酯含量在4d所降的幅度显著大于I组（P＜0．05）；球蛋白、尿酸含量和碱性磷酸酶活性在4d都显著升高（P＜0．05），7d时I组鸡的碱性磷酸酶活性仍显著高于感染前测定值（P＜0．05），而球蛋白和尿酸含量均出现回落；I组鸡的胆碱酯酶活性在7d显著升高（P＜0．05），II组的胆碱酯酶活性在4d和7d均显著升高（P＜0．05）。 相似文献
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日粮蛋氨酸含量对岭南黄鸡前期生产性能的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
采用单因子试验设计，将400只1日龄岭南黄鸡母雏随机分成5组，研究了5个日粮蛋氨酸水平（0．28％、0．40％、0．50％、0．60％、0．70％）对岭南黄鸡前期（0－4周）生产性能的影响。结果表明，日粮蛋氨酸水平为0．50％、0．60％、0．70％组的增重、耗料量和料肉比等指标间差异均不显著（P＞0．05），但显著高于蛋氨酸水平为0．40％组（P＜0．05）和0．28％组（P＜0．01）。因此，建议岭南黄鸡前期（0－4周）日粮蛋氨酸水平以0．50％为宜。 相似文献
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以抗球虫指数(Anticoccidial Index,ACI)、料肉比及增重为指标,研究了癸氧喹酯抗鸡柔嫩艾美耳球虫洛阳分离株的效果.结果表明,根据54.4 mg/kg、27.2 mg/kg、13.6 mg/kg体重的剂量按饲料比拌料给药,抗球虫指数(ACI)分别达到183.57、145.53和127.80,与感染不给药组相比,料肉比分别降低30.04％、10.60％和3.18％,高剂量组增重与不感染对照组没有显著差异.癸氧喹酯以54.4 mg/kg体重的浓度拌料可以预防洛阳地区鸡球虫病感染,试验结果为临床上有效利用癸氧喹酯控制鸡球虫病提供了重要依据. 相似文献
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鸡血清免疫球蛋白制剂的应用研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
为研究鸡血清免疫球蛋白制剂对肉仔鸡的应用效果，将360只1日龄艾维茵肉仔鸡，随机分成3组，I组于2日龄肌注血清免疫球蛋白制剂1mL/只，20日龄按1mL/只气雾吸入；Ⅱ组于1－49日龄采食含金霉素（50mg/kg)的日粮；Ⅲ组为对照组，饲粮中不添加任何药物。试验结果表明：I组鸡的死亡率比Ⅲ组降低了49．96％，日增重提高了6．21％（P＜0．05），料肉比降低了5．77％（P＜0．05），并与Ⅱ组无显著差异。28日龄时，HI抗体效价分别比Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组显著增加了9．70％和5．60％（P＜0．05），AGP抗体阳性率分别比Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组提高了25．00％和11．11％（P＞0．05）。提示血清免疫球蛋白制剂具有增强肉仔鸡的免疫功能、减少疾病和促进生长的作用。 相似文献
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加拿大圭尔富大学的Lesson博士和他的同事们采用两个试验研究了丁酸对肉鸡生产性能和屠体品质的影响，并探讨了日粮中的丁酸对阻止球虫孢子攻击的作用。试验1中公肉仔鸡分别被饲喂添加0-11mg/kg的维及霉素，0．2％和0．4％两种水平丁酸的日粮。结果显示所有的处理对体增重都没有影响。与未添加药物组相比，0．4％丁酸组的肉鸡育雏期间采食量出现下降（P〈0．01），而饲喂0．2％丁酸的鸡只采食量与对照组相同。试验2中肉鸡被饲喂添加杆菌肽，0．1％和0．2％两种水平丁酸的日粮。0．2％丁酸没有影响肉鸡的生产性能但是屠体重和胸肉率增加了（P〈0．01）。用子孢子对接受球虫免疫的鸡只在21日龄进行攻虫，6天后检查发现饲喂添加丁酸日粮的肉鸡生长速度快于未添加药物的鸡只。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制. 相似文献
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Billinghurst RC Brama PA van Weeren PR Knowlton MS McIlwraith CW 《American journal of veterinary research》2004,65(2):143-150
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether serum concentrations of biomarkers of skeletal metabolism can, in conjunction with radiographic evaluation, indicate severity of osteochondrosis in developing horses. ANIMALS: 43 Dutch Warmblood foals with varying severity of osteochondrosis. PROCEDURE: 24 foals were monitored for 5 months and 19 foals were monitored for 11 months. Monthly radiographs of femoropatellar-femorotibial and tibio-tarsal joints were graded for osteochondral abnormalities. Serial blood samples were assayed for 8 cartilage and bone biomarkers. At the end of the monitoring period, foals were examined for macroscopic osteochondrosis lesions. RESULTS: Temporal relationships were evident between certain serum biomarkers and osteochondrosis severity in foals during their first year. Biomarkers of collagen degradation (collagenase-generated neoepitopes of type-II collagen fragments, type-I and -II collagen fragments [COL2-3/4C(short)], and cross-linked telopeptide fragments of type-I collagen) and bone mineralization (osteocalcin) were positive indicators of osteochondrosis severity at 5 months of age. In foals with lesions at 11 months of age, osteochondrosis severity correlated negatively with COL2-3/4C(short) and osteocalcin and positively with C-propeptide of type-II procollagen (CPII), a collagen synthesis marker. Radiographic grading of osteochondrosis lesions significantly correlated with macroscopic osteochondrosis severity score at both ages and was strongest when combined with osteocalcin at 5 months and CPII at 11 months. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The ability of serum biomarkers to indicate osteochondrosis severity appears to depend on stage of disease and is strengthened with radiography. In older foals with more permanent lesions, osteochondrosis severity is significantly related to biomarker concentrations of decreased bone formation and increased cartilage synthesis. 相似文献