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《畜牧与兽医》2016,(8):76-79
为了解我国规模化猪场猪伪狂犬病毒(PRV)野毒感染情况,对2012年1月—2015年8月送检的16个省(直辖市)包括240个规模化猪场的7 443份血清样品进行PRV gp I(gE)抗体的检测。结果显示:送检样品中PRVgp I(g E)抗体阳性率在2012年、2013年、2014年和2015年8月份前分别为39.4%,39.6%,43.8%和50.8%。对不同生长阶段的猪群检测结果分析表明,不同生长阶段猪群PRV野毒抗体阳性率差异明显,后备母猪和公猪的PRV gpI(gE)的阳性率偏高;不同季度送检的血清PRV野毒抗体阳性率也有差异。送检样品的规模化养猪场使用的猪伪狂犬疫苗均是gE基因缺失的活疫苗,因此,gE抗体阳性的猪场可以判定为PRV野毒感染阳性场。 相似文献
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为了解南京市猪伪狂犬病野毒感染情况,2015年对南京市40个猪场660份猪血清进行了伪狂犬病毒gE抗体监测和分析。结果显示,全市共发现7个抗体阳性猪场,场阳性率为17.50%;共检出gE抗体阳性血清31份,抗体阳性率为4.69%。经产母猪gE抗体场阳性率最高,达28.57%,血清gE抗体阳性数占总数的8.57%;而8个后备母猪场均没有检测到gE阳性抗体;断奶前仔猪的gE抗体阳性也相对较低。结果表明,南京市猪场仍有伪狂犬野毒感染或因母本感染野毒导致母源抗体的存在。 相似文献
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2016年江苏省部分猪场猪伪狂犬病血清流行病学调查 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
2011年底,我国再次暴发猪伪狂犬病疫情,并造成严重经济损失。本研究采集2016年江苏省13个地市56个规模猪场的1 741份猪血清,采用伪狂犬病病毒（PRV）gE-ELISA、gB-ELISA抗体检测试剂盒进行血清学流行病学调查。调查结果显示：猪场PRV野毒抗体阳性率为94.6%（53/56）,血清gE抗体阳性率为43.2%,其中苏北地区显著高于苏中和苏南地区;公猪野毒感染阳性率为55%,后备母猪野毒感染阳性率高达69.4%;经产母猪野毒感染阳性率为44%,gE抗体阳性率与母猪胎次密切相关。结果表明：猪伪狂犬病在江苏省流行依然广泛,野毒感染较为严重,尤其是苏北地区;应重点关注种猪群,并加强伪狂犬病的疫苗免疫和抗体检测,从而更好地防控该病。 相似文献
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采集衡阳某猪场119份血清样品进行伪狂犬病gE-ELISA（酶联免疫吸附试验）与gBELISA抗体检测。gE抗体检测结果表明,该猪场所检测猪群除公猪外都有伪狂犬病野毒阳性,是伪狂犬病阳性场,总阳性率为47%。公猪伪狂犬病野毒抗体阳性率为0,说明公猪暂时还没有感染伪狂犬病野毒,属于阴性猪;母猪群伪狂犬病野毒（gE）阳性率达50%~60%;30~40日龄及60日龄阶段猪群gE抗体阳性率分别为30%和55%,加上可疑的数量达到40%~65%,这阶段野毒抗体阳性估计主要受母源gE抗体的影响,且与母猪阳性背景基本一致,但也不能排除个别仔猪阳性抗体来自病毒感染;90~120日龄阶段gE阳性率不降反升,达到100%,说明90~120日龄阶段猪群是在保育转至肥育舍后被伪狂犬病野毒再次感染,gE抗体S/N值显著下降,抗体水平较高。gB抗体结果表明,该猪场伪狂犬病gB抗体阳性率为98%,公猪伪狂犬病gB抗体阳性率为100%,且公猪的gE抗体阴性,说明公猪gB抗体来源于疫苗免疫;母猪群伪狂犬病gB抗体水平高且整齐,可能是野毒感染和疫苗免疫综合作用的结果;30~40日龄阶段gB抗体水平整齐,这是由于母猪群gB抗体水平高且均匀整齐,其仔猪母源抗体相应较好;60日龄阶段gB抗体水平不整齐,这与母源抗体消退有关;90~120日龄阶段gB抗体水平显著提升,这可能是后期野毒感染所致,因为其gE抗体不降反升。综合该猪场gE和gB抗体检测结果分析表明,该猪场伪狂犬病在种猪群得到了有效控制,生产比较稳定,但种猪带毒且散毒,肥育猪的感染压力加大,造成病毒不断循环,肥育猪伪狂犬病野毒感染的控制成了稳定伪狂犬病阳性场的关键。目前,猪伪狂犬病阳性场应定时监测gE和gB抗体,根据猪场血清学检测结果,结合临床实际情况实时调整免疫程序,以便稳定生产和预防伪狂犬病的暴发。 相似文献
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广西猪伪狂犬病毒感染状况调查报告 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为了解广西猪伪狂犬病毒的感染状况,应用PCR技术对来自广西46个种猪场的1940份公猪精液进行了猪伪狂犬病毒(PRV)的检测,阳性率为0;同时对广西25个已使用猪伪狂犬病病毒gE基因缺失疫苗猪场的1455份送检血清,采用了猪伪狂犬病基因缺失鉴别ELISA方法进行了血清学抗体监测,结果检出猪伪狂犬gE抗体阳性11份,阳性率为0.76%。结果表明,广西猪群中存在猪伪狂犬病野毒感染,但感染率较低。 相似文献
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《中国兽医杂志》2017,(11)
为了解龙岩市猪伪狂犬病野毒感染和流行情况,采用ELISA方法对2011-2015年龙岩市6个区县猪场共21 840份商品猪血清进行gE抗体检测及分析。结果显示,龙岩地区5年来伪狂犬病野毒感染血清阳性的猪场占55.4%,血清阳性率为19.9%。新罗区、永定区、漳平市的野毒阳性猪场和血清阳性率高于平均值,这3个区县伪狂犬病流行较严重。上杭县、长汀县、武平县的野毒阳性猪场和血清阳性率均低于平均值。2012-2013年龙岩地区野毒阳性猪场少于其他年份、血清阳性率均低于其他年份,2014-2015年龙岩地区野毒阳性猪场、血清阳性率持续上升。综上所述,2011-2015年间,猪伪狂犬病野毒在龙岩市各区县间流行。 相似文献
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为了解湖南省规模化猪场猪伪狂犬病免疫状况及猪伪狂犬病毒感染情况,2018年在湖南省14个市州208个规模猪场采集4288份猪血清,采用ELISA方法检测血清中的伪狂犬病毒抗体。结果显示,免疫猪PRV gB抗体个体阳性率为78.1%,PRV gE抗体个体阳性率为21.0%,场阳性率为38.9%;从不同养殖规模来看,存栏量在1000头以上的大型猪场PRV gE抗体阳性率最高,为22.9%;在季节分布上,夏季猪群的PRV gE抗体阳性率最高,为25.1%;在不同的年龄阶段中,以种母猪PRV gE抗体阳性率最高,为36.2%。表明猪伪狂犬病在湖南地区仍广泛流行,野毒感染情况较为普遍。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制. 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献