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1.
本研究建立了一种同时检测大肠杆菌和魏氏梭菌的二重PCR方法，根据兔肠致病性大肠杆菌（REPEC）的eae毒力基因和魏氏梭菌的α—toxin毒力基因的基因文库，设计了两对分别与eae基因和α—toxin基因互补的引物，用这两对引物对同一样品中的REPEC和魏氏梭菌模板进行二重PCR扩增。结果均得到了两条特异性大小与试验设计相符的833bp（REPEC）和324bp（魏氏梭菌）的扩增条带，而对其它3种病原菌的PCR扩增结果均为阴性；敏感性试验结果表明，该二重PCR技术能检出10cfu的REPEC，10cfu的魏氏梭菌。 相似文献
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利用多重PCR检测兔肠致病性大肠杆菌和魏氏梭菌的毒力基因 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
我们建立了一种同时检测兔肠致病性大肠杆菌和魏氏梭菌毒力基因的二重PCR方法。在一次PCR反应中同时扩增兔肠致病性大肠杆菌（REPEC）的eae毒力基因和魏氏梭菌的α-toxin毒力基因，扩增产物经电泳，出现与阳性对照细菌条带大小一致的条带即判断为该标本阳性，本试验还对79份腹泻兔粪便或肠内容物样品进行了检测，结果35.4％（28／79）检出eae＋的REPEC，而魏氏梭茵的检出率为。6．3％。敏感性试验结果表明，该二重PCR能检出10 CFU的REPEC，10 CFU的魏氏梭菌，具有简便、快速、特异、经济等特点，宜于临床应用。 相似文献
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断奶幼兔腹泻肠致病性大肠杆菌LEE毒力岛的分子检测 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
为了了解 L EE毒力岛在山东省兔场的流行情况 ,自 2 0 0 0年 2月到 2 0 0 3年 6月从潍坊、曲阜、恒台、烟台、莱芜、泰安等地兔场的断奶前后腹泻和健康兔肠内容物或粪便中分离的大肠埃希氏菌 ,用 PCR法检测 L EE毒力岛上的 eae A基因。结果发现 ,在 2 0～ 30日龄、30～ 5 5日龄、5 5～ 80日龄的腹泻幼兔中 ,携带 L EE毒力岛的大肠埃希氏菌检出率分别为 0 (0 / 5 )、72 .7%(2 4 / 33)、2 3.5 % (4 / 17) ,而在相同日龄的健康幼兔中检出率为 0 (0 / 2 4 )。从其他肠道致病菌的检出情况来看 ,沙门氏菌和魏氏梭菌检出率极低 ,沙门氏菌在腹泻兔为 9% ,健康兔为 4 .2 % ,魏氏梭菌在健康兔和腹泻兔均为 0。生化试验表明 eae A阳性的大肠杆菌为乳糖发酵试验弱阳性的菌株。结论 eae A阳性的肠致病性大肠杆菌 (EPEC)应是导致上述兔场断奶后幼兔发生腹泻症的主要细菌性病原 ;L EE毒力岛的检测能够作为兔肠致病性大肠杆菌 (REPEC)的诊断和流行分子病学调查的主要手段 相似文献
4.
金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌是引起奶牛乳房炎的主要病原菌。选取金黄色葡萄球菌的Nuc基因和大肠杆菌16S-23SrRNA基因作为扩增靶基因序列,设计两对特异性引物。通过正交试验优化反应条件建立二重PCR检测体系,优化结果表明二重PCR扩增出两条特异性条带,大小与实验设计的249bp(金黄色葡萄球菌)和375bp(大肠杆菌)相符,而对其它奶牛乳房炎主要病原菌的PCR扩增结果均为阴性;敏感性测定结果表明,该二重PCR技术能同时检出14.6pg的金黄色葡萄球菌模板和26.0pg的大肠杆菌模板。使用该二重PCR检测29份临床奶样,发现其中17份携带相关基因,并分离得到相关致病菌。 相似文献
5.
根据GeneBank上发表的A型魏氏梭菌α毒素基因序列,设计合成了一对特异性引物,通过PCR的方法,扩增出了大小为470 bp的α毒素基因的部分片段。应用地高辛标记法来标记该片段,制备了α毒素基因探针,该探针只与魏氏梭菌DNA发生阳性反应,与其它多种细菌DNA不发生反应;该探针在1∶1000的工作浓度下,能检出1~5pg/uL的魏氏梭菌基因组DNA。应用该探针对33株魏氏梭菌进行核酸杂交(Dot-Blotting)检测,结果表明该探针具有良好的特异性和灵敏性,可用于对魏氏梭菌的诊断检测以及流行病学调查。 相似文献
6.
多重PCR方法快速检测3种消化道病原菌 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为建立一种检测和鉴别诊断动物奇异变形杆菌、沙门氏菌和产气荚膜梭菌感染的方法,本研究针对奇异变形杆菌脲酶调节子基因(ureR)、沙门氏菌侵袭蛋白A基因(invA)及产气荚膜梭菌α毒素基因(α-toxin)序列设计引物,建立一种同时检测3种细菌的多重PCR方法,并对扩增体系和条件进行了优化,建立的多重PCR检测方法特异性良好,对3种目的菌最低检出限均在105cfu/mL以上。初步应用该方法检测3种细菌单独人工感染小鼠的病变组织和人工模拟细菌混合感染的临床样品,结果证明该方法可以用于临床样本检测。 相似文献
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根据羊魏氏梭菌A、B、C、D、E型共有的α毒素基因,设计了1对引物,通过对PCR反应条件进行优化,建立了羊魏氏梭菌PCR检测方法。该方法扩增条带大小为255 bp,最低核酸检测量A型为0.39 ng/L、B型为0.62 ng/L、C型为0.52 ng/L、D型为0.87 ng/L、E型为0.92 ng/L,而对羊大肠杆菌、羊链球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、羊多杀性巴氏杆菌的扩增结果均为阴性。应用该PCR方法对54份临床样本进行检测,PCR检测结果高于细菌学和生化检测结果。结果表明,该PCR方法具有很好的特异性和敏感性,可用于临床羊魏氏梭菌病的早期快速诊断。 相似文献
10.
根据GeneBank上发表的A型魏氏梭菌α毒素基因序列，设计合成了一对特异性引物，通过PCR的方法，扩增出了大小为470bp的α毒素基因的部分片段。应用地高辛标记法来标记该片段，制备了α毒素基因探针，该探针只与魏氏梭菌DNA发生阳性反应，与其它多种细菌DNA不发生反应；该探针在1：1000的工作浓度下，能检出1-5pg／uL的魏氏梭菌基因组DNA。应用该探针对33株魏氏梭菌进行核酸杂交（Dot-Blotting）检测，结果表明该探针具有良好的特异性和灵敏性，可用于对魏氏梭菌的诊断检测以及流行病学调查。 相似文献
11.
试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。 相似文献
12.
Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections
of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal
(GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April
2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs
located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming
areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology
laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum
columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying
degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal
abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy
season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different
nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those
observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes.
But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the
results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. 相似文献
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Tropical Animal Health and Production - 相似文献
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Rassnick KM Gieger TL Williams LE Ruslander DM Northrup NC Kristal O Myers NC Moore AS 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2001,15(3):196-199
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks. 相似文献
15.
H Hayashi T Yoshimura J Y Chen 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》1985,8(2):73-87
Our particular attention in this article was given to natural mediators for macrophages isolated from the sites of tissue injury. A number of chemotactic factors, which may satisfy many criteria making them acceptable as inflammatory leucocyte chemotactic factors, has been separated. Among them, our laboratory has isolated three macrophage (monocyte) chemotactic factors (MCF-a, -b and -c). Their purification, characterization and functional specificity are discussed. 相似文献
16.
Davis MS Willard MD Nelson SL Mandsager RE McKiernan BS Mansell JK Lehenbauer TW 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(3):311-314
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large. 相似文献
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B. Cinar Kul N. Bilgen J.A. Lenstra O. Korkmaz Agaoglu B. Akyuz O. Ertugrul 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2015,132(6):449-453
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded. 相似文献
18.
Furosemide continuous rate infusion in the horse: evaluation of enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Johansson AM Gardner SY Levine JF Papich MG LaFevers DH Fuquay LR Reagan VH Atkins CE 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):887-895
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses. 相似文献
19.
Ling GV Thurmond MC Choi YK Franti CE Ruby AL Johnson DL 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):817-823
The objective of this report was to characterize 20-year changes in proportion of calcium oxalate (CaOx) calculi and struvite calculi in dogs, and associations with breed, age, and sex. In this retrospective study, results of analysis of urinary calculi from dogs were reviewed for specimens received between July 1, 1981, and December 31, 2001. Breed, sex, age, year of submission of the specimen, and mineral type(s) were analyzed statistically. CaOx or Struvite or both were contained in 18,966 of 20,884 (91%) specimens. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant increase was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained CaOx. The increase in this proportion was greater in females (1% to 31%) than in males (18% to 82%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions may have plateaued, the odds of specimens containing CaOx were markedly higher in 18 breeds, markedly lower in 5 breeds, and not significantly different in 13 breeds compared with crossbreds. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant decrease was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained struvite. This decrease in proportion was greater for males (79-16%) than for females (97-68%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions plateaued, the odds of calculi containing struvite were markedly lower in 20 breeds, markedly higher in 1 breed, and not significantly different in 15 breeds when compared with crossbreds. Breed, age, and sex were associated statistically with CaOx or struvite urolithiasis. In conclusion, there appears to have been a long-term increase in the proportion of specimens of canine urinary calculi that contain CaOx as well as a long-term decrease in the proportion of specimens of calculi that contain struvite for both male and female dogs. The rate of change appeared to begin leveling off in the period 1998 to 2001. The recent proportion of dogs with either CaOx- or struvite-associated urolithiasis may depend on breed, age, and sex, and on interactions among these 3 factors. 相似文献
20.
<正>1.INTRODUCTION Ensuring transportation network security is one Of the most daunting challenges confronting homeland security agencies today.Significant research has been dedicated.To model and analyze the vulnerability of transportation systems,while notably fewer studies propose specific strategies for deploying defensive technologies to safeguard these systems. 相似文献