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曹进夫 《北方牧业(奶牛)》2006,(10):23-24
近年来随着奶牛产奶量的提高,奶牛营养及饲草饲料结构的不合理性日见明显,精料喂量偏大,粗料以玉米黄贮为主,不喂或少喂谷草、羊草和苜蓿等粗纤维含量高的饲草,造成奶牛瘤胃功能减退,继发前胃弛缓,从而引发奶牛真胃变位。真胃变位的发病率约占奶牛总数的3.5%。随着奶牛真胃变位病例的增多,真胃变位手术已成为奶牛的常见手术,虽然现在真胃变位手术操作比较成熟,但真胃变位手术成功与否并不完全在手术本身。现就影响奶牛真胃变位手术成功的因素总结如下: 相似文献
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真胃变位也叫真胃移位或皱胃变位,在临床上分为左方变位和右方变位。近几年奶牛真胃左方变位发病率比较高。笔者已接触100例左右。真胃右方变位较少遇到。现就临床诊治真胃左方变位过程中体会总结如下,和广大兽医工作者交流。 相似文献
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奶牛真胃变位是奶牛真胃的解剖位置发生改变引起消化机能严重紊乱、导致营养代谢失调的急性外科病,可分为左方变位和右方变位。临床上以真胃左方变位最常见,随着奶牛集约化饲养规模的扩大,其发病率有逐年增加的趋势。国外早在50年代就有该病的报道,特别是一些奶牛养殖业发达的国家。黑白花奶牛的发病率高达1.5%以上。而我国对本病的研究相对滞后,一方面原因是我国奶牛饲养相对粗放,奶牛真胃变位的发病率不高:另一方面是我国兽医工作者对真胃变位的认识不足。许多真胃变位病例得不到确诊。近几年来,随着我国奶牛饲养量的扩大,集约化程度不断提高,再加上大量饲喂精料,盲目追求高产,奶牛真胃变位的发病率逐年上升,因此,人们对本病的认识也不断深化。尤其是我国大中城市的近郊区,该病的发病率很高。个别地区发病率达8%-10%,其中产后发病的高达85%以上,给奶牛业造成严重的经济损失。尽管国内外学者对该病研究报道很多,但多限于诊断和治疗的研究,有关病因和发病学的研究极少,发病机理尚不完全清楚,每年仍有大量奶牛产奶量下降甚至死亡。部分治愈的奶牛仍可复发本病或者是治愈后产奶量持续低下。基于此点,有必要对该病开展深入研究。本文以真胃左方变位为主,综述其发病原因、发病机制、临床诊断要点和治疗方法,以供兽医工作者和研究人员参考。 相似文献
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奶牛真胃变位发病规律的研究 总被引:13,自引:2,他引:11
为了阐明奶牛真胃变位的发病规律,对263例奶牛患有真胃变位的自然病例进行了研究。结果表明:真胃变位的发生与过食精料和高产奶牛有密切关系,2-4胎次体格健壮的、产后30天内的、11月份到来年的5月份奶牛发病率高。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒R株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离MG,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离MG。结果表明,人工感染48小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,96小时气囊已被感染,120小时输卵管已能分离到MG,卵巢始终分离不到MG。人工感染鸡自144小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出MG。药物治疗能在72小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需24天后逐渐降低蛋内MG分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内MG,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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