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1.
以10型鸭疫里默氏杆菌GN52株为菌种,采用改进的液体培养工艺进行增菌后,制备油乳剂灭活疫苗,经无菌和安全检验合格后,进行免疫原性研究。结果表明,对3日龄雏鸭颈部皮下注射0.3 ml/羽即可产生良好的免疫应答,免疫后7 d用同源菌株攻击保护率可达70%,14 d达100%,至56 d免疫保护率仍可达80%。于10日龄进行第2次免疫,二免后3 d免疫保护率达100%。疫苗免疫雏鸭后能够显著（P〈0.05）或极显著（P〈0.01）地增强其T细胞的免疫力,时间达2周。疫苗在4-8℃可保存1年,保存6个月和1年的保护率分别达95%和85%。该疫苗经田间试验,效果良好。  相似文献   

2.
鸭传染性浆膜炎铝胶疫苗研究   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  
将鸭疫里氏杆菌通过改良酵母肉汤培养，得菌数在500－2000亿／ml的菌液：甲醛灭活，与氢氧化铝液（含量1.4%)2:1混合搅匀，制成铝胶疫苗，经无菌检验，安全检验合格，免疫5日龄雏鸭，分别于7d,10d,20d后攻毒（攻毒剂量：0.25ml），攻毒保护率为50％，50％，75％，5日龄，12日龄两次免疫，10日后攻毒保护率为10％。  相似文献   

3.
用新城疫病毒（克隆H88株。）、传染性支气管炎病毒（JP株和H52株）和减蛋综合征病毒（H91株）分别接种于鸡胚和鸭胚,并收取其含毒鸡、鸭胚尿囊液,用一定浓度甲醛溶液灭活,按一定比例混匀,以7号白油为佐剂制成鸡新城疫（ND）－传染性支气管炎（IB）－减蛋综合征（EDS76）三联油乳剂灭活苗（三联苗）。三联苗免疫30日龄雏鸡,免疫后7天产生免疫应答,免疫后21天保护率达100％。疫苗在4℃～8℃保存期为12个月,10℃～25℃保存期为6月,该疫苗在全省不同地区鸡群应用400余万羽份,取得满意效果。  相似文献   

4.
本研究选取鸭致病性大肠埃希菌（E．coli）常见血清型O1、O2、O18、O78和3株分离自发病鸭场、毒力强、免疫原性好的巴氏杆菌（Pasteurella multocida,P砌）D22、D23、D157作为制苗菌株,分别以鲜血琼脂和马丁琼脂进行固体表面培养制备的抗原与蜂胶佐剂高速乳化,制备鸭多杀性巴氏杆菌-大肠埃希菌二联多价蜂胶灭活疫苗。结果表明,疫苗安全可靠,雏鸭一免后第14天对同源E．coli、Pm攻击免疫保护率为100％和90％;雏鸭二次免疫后第14天的免疫保护率均为100％。用间接ELISA对免疫鸭进行抗体消长规律检测,7日龄商品麻鸭首免后20d抗体达到高峰,抗体维持时间在54d以上;首免7d后进行二免,可产生显著高于一免的抗体水平。疫苗免疫雏鸭能够显著（P〈0．05）或极显著（P〈0．01）地增强T细胞的免疫力,可维持3周左右。疫苗在4℃可保存12个月以上。  相似文献   

5.
猪传染性胃肠炎与猪流行性腹泻二联弱毒疫苗的研究   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10  
用TGE及PED克隆化弱毒株以1：1配比制成TGE、PED二联弱毒疫苗，毒价为107.0-7.5TCID50／0.3ml，主动免疫与被动免疫的保护率为97.7％及98％。弱毒株毒力稳定，符合制苗标准。免疫期7个月，疫苗保存期一年，疫苗接种猪对同圈饲养的非免疫猪有低效价（16～32倍）的水平感染。6个猪场的田间试验保护率为95％-98％，对紧急预防接种的防制效果更为明显。  相似文献   

6.
鸭传染性浆膜炎蜂胶疫苗研制   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  
从重庆疫鸭中分离到2株细菌，经细菌形态学、生理生化指标鉴定，证明为鸭疫里氏杆菌（Riemerella anatipestifer,RA)。用改良的血清酵母肉汤进行培菌培养，将2菌株菌液混合（1：1，体积比），经甲醛灭活后加入蜂胶左剂，制成蜂胶灭活疫苗。用其免疫5－7日龄雏鸭，一免后7、10、15d皮下注射RA混合菌液攻毒（0．2mL/只）,平均保护率达66．67％；10d后二免，二免后7、10d攻毒（0．2mL／只）,平均保护率达94．47％。  相似文献   

7.
用鸭肝炎A_(66)弱毒疫苗,经不同途径免疫1日龄雏鸭。结果,皮下注射组在免疫后2天即对ATCC强毒攻击达100％的保护率;口服组和滴鼻组在免疫后5天才能全部保护;一次饮水免疫组和二次饮水免疫组在6日龄时对强毒攻击的保护率分别为60％和90％。用该弱毒苗免疫1日龄雏鸭和成年鸭,免疫期分别至少达45天及6个月。  相似文献   

8.
对研制的兔出血症、巴氏杆菌二联灭活苗分别与二种单苗进行了免疫力、免疫产生期、免疫持续保护效果、保存期的比较。结果表明：二联灭活苗对兔出血症RHD、巴氏杆菌病（Pm）的保护率分别100％（15／15）,86．7％（13／15）。而二种单苗的免疫效果分别是100％（12／12）和88．8％（8／9）,经统计学检验差异不显著（P〉0．05）。二联苗和单苗对RHD均100％保护,对于Pm二联苗和单苗第7天都能产生保护力,第10天可产生较坚强的免疫效果。疫苗免疫持续6个月后免疫对RHD、Pm的保护率分别为100％（8／8）、83．3％（10／12）,单苗免疫后对RHD、Pm的保护率分别为100％（6／6）,85．7％（12／14）,免疫效果无显著性差异（P〉0．05）。二联苗和二种单苗在4～8℃和室温条件下保存6个月,对兔病毒性出血症的保护率达100％,对巴氏杆菌病也具有良好的免疫效果。二种组分制苗无干扰现象发生。  相似文献   

9.
从河北省某肉鸭场的鸭疫里氏杆菌病发病鸭中分离出鸭疫里氏杆菌（Riemerella anatipestifer,RA)菌株。对该菌株采用液体、固体两种方法增菌培养后制成油乳剂灭活疫苗，以0.5mL/只剂量经皮下免疫7日龄雏鸭，并在河北省某发病肉鸭场进行了田间试验，表明该疫苗免疫效果良好，保护率达90％以上。  相似文献   

10.
鸭病毒性肝炎A66弱毒苗免疫产生期及免疫持续期试验   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
用鸭肝炎A66弱毒疫苗，经不同途径免疫1日龄雏鸭。结果，皮下注射组在免疫后2天即对ATCC强毒攻击达100％的保护率，口服组和滴鼻组在免疫后5天才能全部保护；一次饮水兔疫组和二次饮水免疫组在6日龄时对强毒攻击的保护率分别为60％和90％，用该弱毒苗免疫1日龄雏鸭和成年鸭，免疫期分别至少达45天及6个月。  相似文献   

11.
试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。  相似文献   

12.
Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal (GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April 2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes. But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia.  相似文献   

13.
Tropical Animal Health and Production -  相似文献   

14.
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.  相似文献   

15.
Our particular attention in this article was given to natural mediators for macrophages isolated from the sites of tissue injury. A number of chemotactic factors, which may satisfy many criteria making them acceptable as inflammatory leucocyte chemotactic factors, has been separated. Among them, our laboratory has isolated three macrophage (monocyte) chemotactic factors (MCF-a, -b and -c). Their purification, characterization and functional specificity are discussed.  相似文献   

16.
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large.  相似文献   

17.
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.  相似文献   

18.
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded.  相似文献   

19.
The objective of this report was to characterize 20-year changes in proportion of calcium oxalate (CaOx) calculi and struvite calculi in dogs, and associations with breed, age, and sex. In this retrospective study, results of analysis of urinary calculi from dogs were reviewed for specimens received between July 1, 1981, and December 31, 2001. Breed, sex, age, year of submission of the specimen, and mineral type(s) were analyzed statistically. CaOx or Struvite or both were contained in 18,966 of 20,884 (91%) specimens. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant increase was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained CaOx. The increase in this proportion was greater in females (1% to 31%) than in males (18% to 82%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions may have plateaued, the odds of specimens containing CaOx were markedly higher in 18 breeds, markedly lower in 5 breeds, and not significantly different in 13 breeds compared with crossbreds. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant decrease was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained struvite. This decrease in proportion was greater for males (79-16%) than for females (97-68%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions plateaued, the odds of calculi containing struvite were markedly lower in 20 breeds, markedly higher in 1 breed, and not significantly different in 15 breeds when compared with crossbreds. Breed, age, and sex were associated statistically with CaOx or struvite urolithiasis. In conclusion, there appears to have been a long-term increase in the proportion of specimens of canine urinary calculi that contain CaOx as well as a long-term decrease in the proportion of specimens of calculi that contain struvite for both male and female dogs. The rate of change appeared to begin leveling off in the period 1998 to 2001. The recent proportion of dogs with either CaOx- or struvite-associated urolithiasis may depend on breed, age, and sex, and on interactions among these 3 factors.  相似文献   

20.
<正>1.INTRODUCTION Ensuring transportation network security is one Of the most daunting challenges confronting homeland security agencies today.Significant research has been dedicated.To model and analyze the vulnerability of transportation systems,while notably fewer studies propose specific strategies for deploying defensive technologies to safeguard these systems.  相似文献   

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