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1.
包被酸化剂对黄羽肉鸡生长性能、消化道内环境及血清生化指标的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《动物营养学报》2016,(2)
本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加不同剂量包被酸化剂对黄羽肉鸡生长性能、消化道内环境及血清生化指标的影响。选取1日龄体重相近的健康黄羽肉鸡300只,随机分为4个组,每组5个重复,每个重复15只。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加0.1%、0.3%、0.5%包被酸化剂的试验饲粮。试验期63 d。结果表明:1)0.1%、0.3%、0.5%包被酸化剂组的末重、体增重均极显著高于对照组(P0.01)。2)0.3%包被酸化剂组胸肌率、腿肌率均显著高于对照组(P0.05);0.3%包被酸化剂组十二指肠及0.5%包被酸化剂组腺胃p H显著低于对照组(P0.05);0.3%包被酸化剂组十二指肠胰蛋白酶、淀粉酶活性及盲肠乳酸菌数量显著高于对照组(P0.05),大肠杆菌数量显著低于对照组(P0.05)。3)0.1%包被酸化剂组碱性磷酸酶(AKP)活性显著高于对照组(P0.05),尿素氮含量则显著低于对照组(P0.05);0.3%包被酸化剂组AKP、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性及总抗氧化能力显著高于对照组(P0.05)。由此可见,饲粮中添加包被酸化剂能够改善黄羽肉鸡生长性能,降低肠道p H,提高消化酶活性,改善微生物区系组成及血清生化指标,适宜添加量为0.3%。 相似文献
2.
《动物营养学报》2021,33(3)
本试验旨在研究苯甲酸对球虫攻毒肉鸡生长性能、免疫功能及血清抗氧化能力的影响。试验采用2×3双因子设计,选用540只1日龄健康爱拔益加(AA)白羽肉公鸡,2种攻毒处理(灌服无菌生理盐水或30倍球虫疫苗),3种苯甲酸源[饲粮中不添加苯甲酸(N-B)、添加0.05%肠溶型缓释苯甲酸(ES-B)或0.10%未包被苯甲酸(NC-B)],共计6个组,每组6个重复,每个重复15只鸡。试验期42 d。结果表明:1)饲粮中添加苯甲酸有提高肉鸡42日龄时体重(BW)和1～42日龄时体增重(BWG)的趋势(P=0.058,P=0.057);球虫攻毒显著降低BW(除14日龄时外)、BWG和平均采食量(AFI)(除1～14日龄时外)(P0.05),显著提高15～21日龄时的料重比(F/G)(P0.05),且N-B组的生长性能下降幅度大于ES-B和NC-B组。2)饲粮中添加苯甲酸显著提高肉鸡21日龄时的血清免疫球蛋白M(IgM)含量、胸腺指数和42日龄时的血清免疫球蛋白A(IgA)含量(P0.05),有降低42日龄时血清一氧化氮(NO)含量的趋势(P=0.068);球虫攻毒显著提高42日龄时的血清白蛋白(ALB)含量,显著降低21日龄时的血清碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性和42日龄时的血清IgM含量(P0.05);饲粮中添加苯甲酸与球虫攻毒对21日龄时的血清IgM含量有显著交互作用(P0.05),表现为在球虫攻毒条件下,饲粮中添加苯甲酸提高血清IgM含量,且以ES-B组效果最佳。3)饲粮中添加苯甲酸显著提高肉鸡21日龄时的血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性(P0.05),显著降低血清丙二醛(MDA)含量(P0.05);饲粮中添加苯甲酸与球虫攻毒对42日龄时的血清MDA含量和GSH-Px活性有显著交互作用(P0.05),表现为在球虫攻毒条件下,饲粮中添加苯甲酸提高血清GSH-Px活性及降低血清MDA含量,且以NC-B组效果最佳。由此得出,饲粮中添加苯甲酸可提高肉鸡的生长性能;在球虫攻毒条件下,饲粮中添加苯甲酸可通过改善机体健康和免疫功能,从而缓解球虫攻毒造成的生长性能下降,且以添加0.05%ES-B的改善效果较好。 相似文献
3.
《中国饲料》2014,(16)
为研究不同饲养密度和日粮生物素添加水平对肉鸡生产性能、脏器指数和福利状态的影响,本试验采用2×3双因子完全随机设计,选用Ross 308商品肉仔鸡公雏1872只,随机分成6个处理,每个处理6个重复。试验设高、低两个饲养密度,分别为16只/m2和10只/m2。日粮分阶段配制,设600、300、150μg/kg 3个生物素添加水平,分别为NRC推荐标准的4倍、2倍和1倍。结果表明,高饲养密度降低了肉鸡采食量、日增重(P0.05)和胸肌率(P=0.01),提高了料重比,垫料潮湿度(P0.05)以及步态、脚垫、跗关节和腹部羽毛损伤评分(P0.01)。高生物素日粮降低肉鸡腹脂率以及步态、脚垫、跗关节和腹部羽毛损伤评分(P0.05),改善了肉鸡在高饲养密度条件下的福利状态(P0.01)。由此可见,日粮添加2~4倍NRC(1994)推荐水平的生物素可以缓解高饲养密度对肉鸡福利状态的不利影响,但对生产性能的促进作用不大。 相似文献
4.
本试验目的是研究玉米型和高粱型饲粮添加胍基乙酸对肉鸡生长性能、屠宰性能、胴体品质、肉品质和和胸肌病变的影响。试验采用2×2二因子完全随机设计,分别设置2个饲粮类型(玉米型和高粱型)和2个胍基乙酸添加水平(0和600 g/吨),共4个处理组,每个处理10个重复,每个重复20只1日龄公雏鸡(品种Ross 708),统计1-14、14-35和35-50日龄各个阶段肉鸡日增重和肉料比;并于51日龄和55日龄,每个重复屠宰4只肉鸡,测定屠宰性能、胴体品质、肉品质和和胸肌病变指标。饲粮添加胍基乙酸显著提高50日龄肉鸡肉料比(P0.05);特别是玉米型日粮添加胍基乙酸显著提高55日龄肉鸡胸肌率(P0.05)。饲粮添加胍基乙酸对51和55日龄肉鸡胸肌滴水损失和剪切力均无影响,但降低了其p H(P0.05)。此外,饲粮添加胍基乙酸可双倍降低51日龄肉鸡胸肉木质硬度缺陷损伤程度(木质肉)。结果表明,饲粮添加胍基乙酸均可改善生长后期(50日龄-上市)肉鸡生产性能和降低木质肉发生,且不受饲粮类型影响;特别是在玉米型饲粮中添加胍基乙酸显著提高其胸肌率。 相似文献
5.
为探讨丁酸钠对黄羽肉鸡生产性能、免疫器官指数和福利状况的影响,选用336只21日龄苏禽黄鸡(公雏),随机分成2组(分别饲喂基础饲粮和基础饲粮添加500 mg/kg微囊丁酸钠的试验饲粮),每组6个重复,每个重复28只鸡,饲养密度为19只/m2,试验期为35 d。结果表明:丁酸钠对高密度饲养黄羽肉鸡21~56日龄期间的平均日增重、平均日采食量、死亡率影响显著(P0.05),对免疫器官指数无显著性影响(P0.05);丁酸钠可显著改善高密度饲养黄羽肉鸡羽毛污染、肘关节肿大(P0.05)。由此可知,在饲粮中添加500 mg/kg微囊丁酸钠可以降低肉鸡死亡率并改善肉鸡的福利状况。 相似文献
6.
《动物营养学报》2015,(11)
本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加不同种类的酸化剂对肉鸡肠道发育、消化酶活性以及微生物数量的影响。试验选用1日龄的爱拔益加肉公鸡840只,随机分为7个处理,每个处理6个重复,每个重复20只鸡。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,其余6组饲喂在基础饲粮中分别添加吸附磷酸(PA)、微囊化磷酸(CPA)、吸附磷酸乳酸(PLA)、富马酸(FUA)、甲酸(FA)和柠檬酸(CA)的试验饲粮,氢离子(H+)浓度均为9.18 mmol/kg。试验期为42 d。结果表明:1)饲粮中添加PA显著提高了42日龄肉鸡小肠胰蛋白酶和糜蛋白酶活性(P0.05)。2)饲粮中添加CPA显著增加了21和42日龄肉鸡小肠糜蛋白酶活性(P0.05)。3)饲粮中添加PLA显著提高了42日龄肉鸡小肠胰蛋白酶活性(P0.05)。4)饲粮中添加FUA显著增加了42日龄肉鸡小肠胰蛋白酶和糜蛋白酶活性(P0.05),显著降低了42日龄肉鸡盲肠大肠杆菌数量(P0.05)。5)饲粮中添加FA显著增加了21和42日龄肉鸡小肠胰蛋白酶活性(P0.05),显著降低了42日龄肉鸡盲肠大肠杆菌数量(P0.05)。6)饲粮中添加CA显著增加了21和42日龄肉鸡小肠胰蛋白酶和糜蛋白酶活性(P0.05),显著降低了42日龄肉鸡盲肠大肠杆菌数量(P0.05)。由此可见,PA、CPA和PLA均可不同程度增强肉鸡小肠消化酶活性,而FUA、FA和CA则均具有改善肉鸡肠道消化酶活性和降低有害微生物数量的功能。 相似文献
7.
本试验旨在研究饲养密度与高蛋白质(前期23%,后期21%)饲粮代谢能水平对公母分饲肉鸡生长性能和腿部健康的影响。试验采用2(性别)×2(饲养密度)×3(饲粮代谢能水平)三因子完全随机设计,选用1日龄罗斯308(Ross 308)肉鸡公雏1 872只和母雏2 160只,随机分成12个组,每组8个重复。试验设高、低2个饲养密度,以出栏体重计,分别为42[高饲养密度(HSD),16公/m2或18母/m2]和26 kg/m2[低饲养密度(LSD),10公/m2或12母/m2]。试验饲粮分前期(1~21日龄)和后期(22~35日龄)2个阶段配制,饲粮代谢能设高、中、低3个水平,其中,高代谢能(HME)水平饲粮前期和后期的代谢能水平分别为12.81和13.23 MJ/kg,中代谢能(MME)水平饲粮前期和后期的代谢能水平分别为12.18和12.60 MJ/kg,低代谢能(HME)水平饲粮前期和后期的代谢能水平分别为11.55和11.97 MJ/kg。结果表明:1)饲养密度与饲粮代谢能水平对肉鸡的平均日增重和料重比有显著交互作用(P0.05)。1~21日龄时,随着饲粮代谢能水平增加,HSD组平均日增重的增加幅度和料重比的降低幅度均小于LSD组;22~35日龄时结果正好相反。性别与饲养密度对肉鸡的平均日采食量有显著交互作用(P0.05)。随着饲养密度增加,公鸡平均日采食量的降低幅度大于母鸡。2)HSD极显著降低肉鸡的胸肌率(P0.01),母鸡的胸肌率和腹脂率显著高于公鸡(P0.05)。饲粮代谢能水平和饲养密度对肉鸡的腿肌率有显著交互作用(P0.05)。随着饲粮代谢能水平增加,LSD组肉鸡的腿肌率降低,而HSD组基本不变。3)高饲粮代谢能水平极显著降低肉鸡的脚垫损伤评分(P0.01),公鸡的步态评分和脚垫损伤评分显著高于母鸡(P0.05),垫料水分含量显著低于母鸡(P0.05)。饲粮代谢能水平与饲养密度对肉鸡的脚垫损伤评分有显著交互作用(P0.05)。随着饲粮代谢能水平增加,HSD组脚垫损伤评分的降低幅度大于LSD组。以上结果表明,高饲养密度降低肉鸡的平均日增重,增加料重比;35日龄前,公鸡比母鸡的空间需求更高;提高高蛋白质饲粮的代谢能水平可以缓解HSD对肉鸡生长性能和脚垫健康的不利影响。 相似文献
8.
《中国家禽》2016,(4)
试验旨在研究日粮添加不同剂量磷酸对肉鸡消化道p H值、消化酶活性及蛋白消化率的影响,以确定肉鸡日粮适宜磷酸添加量。将720只1日龄AA肉公鸡分成6组(1个对照组和5个处理组),每组6个重复,每个重复20只鸡,对照组饲喂基础饲粮,处理组分别在基础日粮中添加0.05%、0.10%、0.15%、0.20%、0.25%磷酸。结果表明:磷酸浓度显著影响肉鸡42日龄嗉囊、肌胃+腺胃和回肠的p H(P0.05),且呈显著二次曲线关系(P0.05);显著影响肉鸡42日龄腺胃和肌胃胃蛋白酶的总酶、酶原、酶活和激活度(P0.05),除了肌胃酶原呈一次线性关系(P0.05),其他均呈显著二次曲线关系(P0.05);显著影响肉鸡42日龄十二指肠、空肠和回肠内胰蛋白酶及十二指肠糜蛋白酶的活性(P0.05),且十二指肠、空肠胰蛋白酶与磷酸浓度呈一次线性关系(P0.05),回肠胰蛋白酶和十二指肠糜蛋白酶与磷酸浓度呈显著二次曲线关系(P0.05);显著影响肉鸡蛋白质和干物质消化率(P0.05),且呈显著一次线性关系(P0.05)。由此可知,日粮添加不同剂量磷酸对肉鸡消化道p H值、消化酶活性及蛋白消化率都有显著影响,达到最佳消化道p H值、消化酶活性及蛋白消化率的磷酸浓度为0.15%。 相似文献
9.
本试验旨在研究苯甲酸对白羽肉鸡生长性能、肠道形态及盲肠微生物的影响。试验采用单因子试验设计,选取360只1日龄的罗斯308(Ross308)白羽肉鸡,随机分为3组,每组6个重复,每个重复20只。饲粮中苯甲酸的添加水平为0(对照组)、0.7%和1.4%。试验期为21d。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,添加苯甲酸对1~21日龄肉鸡的平均增重(AWG)有提高趋势(P=0.066);添加0.7%苯甲酸显著提高了1~21日龄肉鸡的平均采食量(AFI)(P<0.05)。2)与对照组相比,添加苯甲酸显著提高空肠绒毛高度和绒隐比(P<0.05),对隐窝深度无显著影响(P>0.05)。3)与对照组相比,添加苯甲酸对21日龄肉鸡空肠酶活性无显著影响(P>0.05),但从数值上看,添加0.7%苯甲酸提高了空肠酶活性。4)与对照组相比,添加苯甲酸对肉鸡盲肠微生物菌群无显著影响(P>0.05);从数值上看,添加苯甲酸降低了肉鸡21日龄大肠杆菌数量。由此得出,苯甲酸能够提高肉鸡空肠绒毛高度和绒隐比,进而在一定程度上提高1~21日龄肉鸡的生长性能,但对盲肠微生物数量没有显著影响;1~21日龄肉鸡饲粮苯甲酸的添加水平以0.7%效果较好。 相似文献
10.
本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加不同水平包被蛋氨酸对肉鸡生长性能、血液生化指标和氨基酸表观回肠消化率的影响.选用18日龄科宝500肉鸡3 780只,按试验要求随机分为7组,每组设3个重复,每个重复180只鸡.对照组(A组)饲粮添加0.16％的消旋蛋氨酸(DL-Met),试验组饲粮添加含量为50％的包被蛋氨酸,添加量分别为饲粮的0.32％(B组)、0.29％(C组)、0.26％(D组)、0.22％(E组)、0.19％(F组)、0.16％(G组).饲喂至42日龄结束.结果表明:B组和C组末重、平均日增重和平均日采食量均显著高于对照组(P＜0.05),B组死亡率显著低于对照组(P＜0.05),其他组与对照组均差异不显著(P＞0.05);各试验组(除G组外)血浆谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性均显著高于对照组(P＜0.05),B组和C组血浆总超氧化物歧化酶活性均显著高于G组(P＜0.05),其他生化指标各组间均差异不显著(P＞0.05);各试验组干物质和粗蛋白质表观回肠消化率均与对照组差异不显著(P＞0.05),除G组多种氨基酸表观回肠消化率显著低于对照组(P＜0.05)外,其他试验组的各种氨基酸表观回肠消化率均与对照组差异不显著(P＞0.05)或显著高于对照组(P＜0.05).结果提示,随着包被蛋氨酸添加量的增加,肉鸡生长性能逐渐改善,氨基酸回肠消化率逐渐提高.饲粮添加0.19％包被蛋氨酸(替代对照组60％的蛋氨酸)即可满足肉鸡需要,即采用包被方式后,蛋氨酸最多可节约40％. 相似文献
11.
Alip Kumar Abdolreza Hosseindoust MinJu Kim KwangYeol Kim YoHan Choi SeokHee Lee SongYi Lee JunHyung Lee HyunJong Cho Wei Soo Kang ByungJo Chae 《The Journal of Poultry Science》2021,58(1):21
The effects of dietary supplementation of zinc (Zn) sources and concentrations were investigated on growth performance, absorption into tissues, fecal excretion, nutrient retention, and intestinal morphology in broilers fed a corn-soybean meal basal diet. A total of 525 one-day-old chicks (Ross 308) were assigned based on body weight to seven dietary treatments. There were five replicate pens for each treatment and 15 broilers per replicate pen. The dietary treatments included a basal diet (control, without supplementing Zn), and basal diet supplemented with Zn, as inorganic zinc sulfate (ZnS; 110 mg/kg); organic Zn-methionine (ZnM; 110 mg/kg); hot-melt extruded (HME) 25 zinc sulfate (27.5 mg/kg); HME50 zinc sulfate (55 mg/kg); HME75 zinc sulfate (82.5 mg/kg); or HME100 zinc sulfate (110 mg/kg) for 35 days in two phases (d 1–21, phase I and d 22–35, phase II). Bodyweight and feed efficiency of broiler chicks fed diets supplemented with increasing dietary concentrations of HME-Zn improved linearly during the study period (P<0.05). Compared to the control treatment, the ZnS, ZnM, and HME diets increased Zn concentrations in the serum and liver. Inorganic ZnS supply resulted in the highest Zn concentration in excreta. Increasing supplemented Zn content in diets as HME linearly increased Zn concentration in the excreta, serum, liver, and tibia. Broiler chicks fed diets supplemented with increasing concentrations of HME increased villus height (VH; linear and quadratic) of the jejunum and VH of the ileum (linear). Increasing concentrations of dietary Zn supplied as HME resulted in linearly enhanced dry matter, gross energy, and nitrogen retention of broilers on day 21. These results suggest that dietary HME-Zn at a lower level (55 ppm) shows the same growth performance as common ZnSO4 at 110 ppm. 相似文献
12.
The objective of this study was to eval- uate the effects of inorganic phosphorus source and phytase addition on performance, nutrient digestibility and bone mineralization in broiler chickens. In Exp. 1,150 two-day old, male broiler chicks were fed a corn-soybean meal basal diet supplemented with phos- phorus provided by dicalcium phosphate, tricalcium phosphate or defluorinated rock phosphate. Five cages containing 10 birds were allotted to each of the three treatments. In Exp. 2,120 three-day old, male broiler chicks were fed the basal diet from Exp. 1 supplemen- ted with 0,250,500 ,or 1,000 P-＇rU phytase per kg of diet. Six cages containing five chicks were allotted to each of the four treatments. In Exp. 1, there was no difference in weight gain, feed intake or feed conver- sion as a result of feeding the different sources of in- organic phosphorus. The digestibility of phosphorus was significantly lower （P =0.01 ） for chicks fed di- ets supplemented with tricalcium phosphate than for chicks fed the other two diets. However, despite the lower digestibility, serum phosphorus levels did not differ among the three treatments. For Exp. 2, feedconversion showed a linear improvement （P = 0.03 ） with increasing levels of phytase inclusion （ days 0 to 33 ）. Phytase supplementation resulted in linear increa- ses in the digestibility of dry matter （P = 0.02 ）, crude protein （ P --- 0.04 ） and energy （ P 〈 0.01 ）. Chicks fed 1,000 FTU/kg phytase had significantly higher bone calcium （ P = 0.05 ） and bone breaking strength （P = 0.04 ） than chicks fed the basal diet on day 33. In conclusion, the results of the current study indicated that the performance of birds fed diets sup- plemented with dicalcium phosphate, tricalcium phos- phate or defluorinated phosphate was similar and therefore production costs could be lowered by choo- sing the cheapest inorganic phosphorus source when formulating diets for poultry. When diets were formu- lated to meet dietary phosphorus requirements, the growth of broilers was not enhanced with phytase sup- plementation. However, increases in feed conversion and bone breaking strength and its potential to impact culling and mortality in broiler operations may be suf- ficient justification for the routine inclusion of phytase in diets fed to broilers. 相似文献
13.
《动物营养（英文）》2019,5(2):156-162
This experiment was designed to investigate the effects of a dietary organic acid (OA) mixture and 2 fiber sources on performance, intestinal morphology, immune responses and gut microflora in broilers. A total of 390 one-day-old broiler chicks (Ross 308) were allocated to 6 dietary treatments with 5 replicate pens and 13 chicks each based on a factorial arrangement (2 × 3) in a completely randomized design. The experiment lasted 42 d. The following experimental diets and as well as their interaction were considered: a basal diet supplemented with or without OA (0 or 1 g/kg) and 2 fiber sources (sugar beet pulp [soluble fiber] or rice hull [insoluble fiber]; 0 or 30 g/kg). Dietary supplementation of OA increased daily weight gains of broilers across the entire rearing period (P < 0.05). The dietary fibrous materials did not affect the performance of broilers. Antibody titer against influenza disease virus was higher in birds fed diets containing rice hull compared with other experimental groups (P < 0.05). The population of Lactobacillus bacteria was greater in birds fed OA-added diets without or with 30 g/kg rice hull supplementation compared with other experimental groups (P < 0.05). In conclusion, dietary supplemental OA improved performance of broilers, and dietary supplemental OA with rice hull enhanced humoral immune responses. 相似文献
14.
本试验旨在研究饲粮添加万寿菊提取物对肉鸡血清生化指标、抗氧化能力和免疫性能的影响。选取1日龄爱拔益加(AA)肉鸡192只,随机分为3组,每组8个重复,每个重复8只鸡。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组在基础饲粮中分别添加0.15%和0.60%的万寿菊提取物,即有效成分叶黄素含量分别为30和120 mg/kg,试验期42 d。结果表明:与对照组相比,1)饲粮添加0.60%万寿菊提取物使肉鸡血清甘油三酯和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平显著降低(P0.05),高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平显著升高(P0.05);2)0.15%和0.60%万寿菊提取物添加组肉鸡21和42日龄血清总抗氧化能力和超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和过氧化氢酶活性显著提高(P0.05);3)0.60%万寿菊提取物添加组肉鸡21日龄胸腺、脾脏和法氏囊指数显著升高(P0.05),饲粮添加万寿菊提取物使肉鸡血清免疫球蛋白M、免疫球蛋白G和白细胞介素2水平显著升高(P0.05),万寿菊提取物未对肉鸡42日龄免疫器官指数造成显著影响(P0.05)。综上,肉鸡饲粮中添加万寿菊提取物可以提高肉鸡机体的抗氧化能力和免疫性能,且对机体脂代谢有调节作用。 相似文献
15.
选用336只1日龄AA肉仔鸡,随机分为2个处理,每个处理4个重复,每重复42只(14只/笼)。处理1是三阶段饲喂(A)组,处理2是七阶段饲喂(WF)组,两组互为对照,考察周龄饲喂对肉仔鸡理化指标的影响。试验期内每周每重复分别抽取4只试鸡抽血并屠宰,测定血清尿酸、总蛋白、血糖含量及肝脏匀浆中黄嘌呤氧化酶(XOD)活性。试验结果表明:WF组,肉仔鸡血糖含量显著升高(P<0.05)、血清尿酸含量明显降低(P<0.01)、肝脏黄嘌呤氧化酶活性降低(P<0.05),而血清总蛋白含量没有明显变化(P>0.05)。通过周龄饲喂法,各阶段肉仔鸡血液中各项生理生化指标的绝对变化值减小。 相似文献
16.
试验旨在研究日粮中添加蛋氨酸铬对肉鸡生长、脏器指数及血清生化指标的影响,为确定日粮中蛋氨酸铬的适宜添加量提供科学依据。试验选用1日龄AA肉鸡528只,设4个处理,每个处理4个重复,每个重复33只。对照组饲喂玉米-豆粕型基础日粮,其它处理组饲喂分别在基础日粮中添加蛋氨酸铬0.1 mg/kg(Ⅰ组)、0.2 mg/kg(Ⅱ组)、0.6 mg/kg(Ⅲ组)的日粮(以Cr3+计),试验期49 d。结果表明:蛋氨酸铬能显著降低饲料消耗(P<0.05),但对肉鸡各日龄段平均体重、料重比和成活率影响差异均不显著(P>0.05)。除能显著降低心脏相对重量(P<0.05)外,日粮中添加蛋氨酸铬对肉鸡其它脏器相对重量影响差异均不显著(P>0.05)。日粮中添加蛋氨酸铬对血液生化指标影响显著(P<0.05)。因此,日粮中补充蛋氨酸铬对肉鸡生产性能、脏器指数影响不明显;但对血液生化指标影响显著,建议日粮中蛋氨酸铬添加量以0.2 mg/kg为宜。 相似文献
17.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of inorganic phosphorus source and phytase addition on performance, nutrient digestibility and bone mineralization in broiler chickens. In Exp. 1, 150 two-day old, male broiler chicks were fed a corn-soybean meal basal diet supplemented with phosphorus provided by dicalcium phosphate, tricalcium phosphate or defluorinated rock phosphate. Five cages containing 10 birds were allotted to each of the three treatments. In Exp. 2, 120 three-day old, male broiler chicks were fed the basal diet from Exp. 1 supplemented with 0, 250, 500, or 1,000 FTU phytase per kg of diet. Six cages containing five chicks were allotted to each of the four treatments. In Exp. 1, there was no difference in weight gain, feed intake or feed conversion as a result of feeding the different sources of inorganic phosphorus. The digestibility of phosphorus was significantly lower (P = 0.01) for chicks fed diets supplemented with tricalcium phosphate than for chicks fed the other two diets. However, despite the lower digestibility, serum phosphorus levels did not differ among the three treatments. For Exp. 2, feed conversion showed a linear improvement (P = 0.03) with increasing levels of phytase inclusion (days 0 to 33). Phytase supplementation resulted in linear increases in the digestibility of dry matter (P = 0.02), crude protein (P = 0.04) and energy (P < 0.01). Chicks fed 1,000 FTU/kg phytase had significantly higher bone calcium (P = 0.05) and bone breaking strength (P = 0.04) than chicks fed the basal diet on day 33. In conclusion, the results of the current study indicated that the performance of birds fed diets supplemented with dicalcium phosphate, tricalcium phosphate or defluorinated phosphate was similar and therefore production costs could be lowered by choosing the cheapest inorganic phosphorus source when formulating diets for poultry. When diets were formulated to meet dietary phosphorus requirements, the growth of broilers was not enhanced with phytase supplementation. However, increases in feed conversion and bone breaking strength and its potential to impact culling and mortality in broiler operations may be sufficient justification for the routine inclusion of phytase in diets fed to broilers. 相似文献
18.
S. Smulikowska J. Czerwiński A. Mieczkowska 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2010,94(1):15-23
The experiment was carried out on 96 female broilers, allocated to eight groups of 12 birds kept in individual cages. Two basal wheat‐ and soyabean meal‐based diets containing 150 g/kg of rapeseed expeller cake were formulated, differing in the level of P: 7.1 g/kg in diet H or 5.9 g/kg in diet L. Rapeseed cake supplied 3.15 μmol alkenyl glucosinolates per gram of diet. The eight treatments were: basal diets only, basal diets + phytase (1000 U/kg), basal diets + organic acid blend (OA, 6 g/kg), or basal diets + both additives. Diets were fed from day 8 to 28 of life. The results showed that the lower dietary P content and OA supplementation did not significantly affect feed intake or BWG, while both increased (p < 0.001) after phytase supplementation. Tibia ash content as well as tibia ultimate strength were lower (p < 0.001) in birds fed diets L compared with diets H, and increased (p < 0.01) with phytase supplementation of diet L, while OA had no influence on either parameter. Dietary P levels and OA supplementation had no influence on the pH of gut digesta, but the pH of jejunal digesta increased following phytase supplementation (p < 0.01). Morphological measurements of the small intestinal mucosa of chicks indicated that OA added to diet L depressed villi height (p < 0.001) and crypt depth (p < 0.001); both parameters increased after phytase supplementation (p < 0.01). The lower total SCFA as well as acetic, propionic and butyric acid concentrations in caecal digesta indicated lower activity of caecal microflora in birds fed diets L compared with H. OA supplementation had no influence, while phytase supplementation increased the concentration of acetic acid in caecal digesta. Supplementation of diets with either phytase or OA increased thyroid weight by 16% (p < 0.01) and 11% (p < 0.05) respectively. The increase in thyroid weight because of phytase supplementation was greater at the lower dietary P level, and the greatest when both phytase and OA were added to the diet. 相似文献
19.
20.
《The Journal of Applied Poultry Research》2017,26(2):209-218
Zinc (Zn) supplementation source and particle size of feed ingredients are two factors that can affect poultry performance and should be considered for proper feeding of poultry. The objective of the current study was to assess the effects of Zn supplementation source and corn particle size on broiler performance, breast yield, and tibia Zn concentration. Treatments were arranged in a 5 × 2 factorial randomized complete block design with the main effects Zn treatment and corn particle size (550 micron vs. 1,050 micron). Zinc treatments included a basal diet (no added Zn), 80 mg/kg Zn sulfate, and 3 diets with 40 mg/kg Zn sulfate + 40 mg/kg of either Zn-glycine amino acid (AA) chelate (Zn-gly), Zn-AA complex (Zn-AA), or Zn bis(-2-hydroxy-4-methylthio)butanoic acid (Zn-HMTBA). A total of 8 replications per treatment were fed to 23 broilers per pen from d one to 40. A Zn treatment x corn particle size interaction was observed for ending bird weight (EBW; P < 0.05) demonstrating that feeding small particle corn produced larger broilers except when supplemental Zn was not included. Broilers fed small particle corn or diets supplemented with Zn consumed the most feed (P < 0.05); however, FCR was decreased (P < 0.05) by 1.9 points for broilers fed large particle corn diets. Tibia Zn concentration was higher (P < 0.0001) for Zn supplemented diets, but no other treatment effects were observed. In conclusion, Zn supplement source had little effect on broiler performance; however, Zn supplementation per se optimized performance. 相似文献