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水库网箱不同饵料养殖匙吻鲟试验 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
在水库网箱中进行了3种不同饵料养殖匙吻鲟试验,分别为不投饵但灯光诱饵、投喂鱼块和投配合饲料。初放鱼种平均体长16~18 cm,平均体重20~25g,放养密度为7.5~22.5尾/m2。经过近8个月的饲养,养殖成活率平均94.4%。结果显示,配合饲料组的生长最快,平均体重为1.26 kg;鱼块组的生长次之,平均体重0.78 kg;不投饵组平均体重仅0.42 kg。 相似文献
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长吻鮠网箱养殖试验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
2005年网箱培育长吻鮠冬片鱼种,应用5 m×5 m×3.5 m的网箱,放养规格为3~4 cm/尾的长吻鮠夏花鱼种,放养密度56~790尾/m2,投喂粗蛋白为42%~46%的配合饲料,经7个月养殖,长吻鮠鱼种平均规格达165g/尾,成活率82.5%,单产9 kg/m2,饲料系数1.26,投入产出比1∶2.04;2006年网箱养殖长吻鮠商品鱼,应用5 m×5 m×4.5 m的网箱,放养规格为133 g/尾左右的长吻鮠冬片鱼种,放养密度32~50尾/m2,投喂粗蛋白为42%~43%的配合饲料,经6个半月时间的养殖期,养成个体规格在0.5kg/尾以上的长吻鮠商品鱼比例达86%以上,成活率82.6%~87.0%,饲料系数1.38,单产22.83~26.24 kg/m2,投入产出比1∶1.59。 相似文献
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以褐牙鲆(Paralichthys olivaceus)和大菱鲆(Scophthalmus maximus)为养殖对象,设计了2种新型的鲆鲽类网箱,即新型塑胶环保型单、双层网箱。通过褐牙鲆和大菱鲆网箱养殖实验来验证2种新型的网箱在实际生产中的可行性。结果显示,褐牙鲆传统木箱养殖组的商品鱼成活率为92.73%,单位面积产量为16.42 kg/m~2;塑胶单层网箱养殖组的成活率为96.37%,单位面积产量为17.42 kg/m~2。2个组的成活率、单位面积产量均存在显著差异(P0.05),单位面积产量同比增产6.10%。小规格大菱鲆传统网箱商品鱼成活率为92.50%,单位面积产量为8.09 kg/m~2;塑胶单层网箱组的商品鱼成活率为92.50%,单位面积产量为8.02 kg/m~2;塑胶双层网箱组的商品鱼成活率为92.00%,单位面积产量为10.53 kg/m~2,与传统网箱、单层塑胶网箱存在显著差异(P0.05),且同比增产分别为30.00%、31.00%。大规格大菱鲆单、双层塑胶环保型网箱养殖的成活率达到95.00%以上,单位面积产量均为14.52–16.32 kg/m~2;大规格大菱鲆双层网箱实验组平均尾重与单层网箱示范组差异显著(P0.05),单位养殖面积产量同比单层网箱示范组增产11.00%。研究表明,新型塑胶环保网箱养殖褐牙鲆效果良好。新型网箱相对于传统木制网箱除了具有节能环保、节约资源、操作便利的特点外,双层网箱养殖可提高有效利用面积,增加养殖效益。 相似文献
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2005年11月至2006年1月,分别在传统网箱和室内水泥池投放真蛸(Octopus vulgaris)野生苗种22062头,进行了养殖初步试验。主要结果为,55口传统网箱共放养10912头,平均体重233.6g,经过40d养殖,平均体重达660.9g,生长速度快,日增重率高达2.389%,养殖成活率62.8%,饵料系数为8.08。18口室内水泥池共放养11150头,平均体重220.5g,第一阶段经过33d养殖,平均体重达364.5g,生长速度不如传统网箱,日增重率1.402%,养殖成活率70.9%,饵料系数为6.04;第二阶段进入越冬期,生长更慢,经过53d养殖,平均体重达489.5g,日增重率只有0.552%,死亡较严重,养殖成活率仅44.3%,饵料系数为8.97。传统网箱养殖经济效益高于室内水泥池,投入产出比前者为11.210,后者为11.105。此外,还对影响真蛸生长和成活的各种因素、互残和自残行为等方面内容进行了分析探讨。 相似文献
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花(鱼骨)网箱养殖试验 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
采用人工配合饲料进行网箱养殖花鱼骨商品鱼的试验结果表明: 在水库利用 5m×5m×2. 5m的网箱, 放养规格为 56~60尾 /500g的花鱼骨冬片鱼种, 放养密度在 500~600尾 /m2, 经分养后养殖密度在 80尾/m2左右, 投喂含粗蛋白 40% ~42%的膨化沉性配合饲料, 经一周年养殖, 花鱼骨平均规格 213. 2g/尾, 平均成活率 86. 8%, 平均单产 16. 2kg/m2, 平均饲料系数 1. 34, 单位平均净收入为 226. 8元 /m2。 相似文献
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在水库利用网箱培育脆肉皖所需的大规格鱼种,放养规格150-200g,平均密度3.75kg/m3,收获规格680g,养殖成活率92%,平均单产9.35kg/m3,平均饲料系数为1.79. 相似文献
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试验采用鸡肝在网箱中饲喂野生长吻鮠。放养的6338尾长吻鮠鱼种的平均体长为14cm,平均尾重65g,经过196~204d的饲养,共收获长吻鮠6002尾,总产4513.5kg,平均体重0.752kg/尾,成活率94.7%,饲料系数5.1,投入产出比1∶1.65。 相似文献
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Liping Li Rui Wang Wanwen Liang Xi Gan Ting Huang Yan Huang Jian Li Yunliang Shi Honglin Luo Ming Chen 《广西水产科技》2014,(1)
Previously, we reported 10 PEGE types of 85 tilapia Streptococcus agalactiae(GBS), which shifted from Streptococcus iniae in China, by using PEGE method. Presently, larger and more representative tilapia GBS were isolated, for the ?rst time in China, to characterize their serotypes and genetic diversities more precisely than had done before. 168 GBS strains were distributed in ?ve provinces of China, in which Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan were the major ones, holding36.9%(62/168), 37.5%(63/168) and 19.6%(33/168), respectively. Serotypes, Ia, Ib and III, were observed in these strains and the most predominant one was Ia(95.2%), which mainly distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan. Ia initially occurred in 2009, it shoot up to 32.1% in 2010,but decreased to 16.1% in 2011 before went up to 45.2% in 2012. Ib sporadically occurred during2007–2011, III onlyoccurred in 2012. 14 different PFGE types, including 4 new types(N, O,P and Q), were observed, in which B, D, F and G were the predominant types, holding 83.9%(141/168) of the total GBS strains. Ia corresponded to 11 PFGE types(A–H, N–P), in which type D predominated(51%). Ib represented 3 genotypes(I, J and Q) and III harbored only 2genotypes(N and F). Type N and Fsynchronously presented in Ia and III. In summary, the genetic diversity of tilapia GBS varied by serotypes and changed with geographical locations and years.Although Iastillpredominated, new rareserotypeIII alreadyoccurred in China. 相似文献
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Growth hormone (GH) and reproduction: a review 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
Florence Le Gac Odile Blaise Alex Fostier Pierre-Yves Le Bail Maurice Loir Brigitte Mourot Claudine Weil 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》1993,11(1-6):219-232
Interaction between growth and reproduction occurs in many vertebrates and is particularly obvious at certain stages of the life cycle in fish. Endocrine interactions between the gonadotropic axis and the somatotropic axis are described, the potential role of GH being emphasised. A comparative analysis of these phenomena in mammals, amphibians and fish, suggests a specific role of GH in the physiology of puberty, gametogenesis and fertility. It also shows the original contribution made by studies on the fish model in this field of investigations. 相似文献
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Two gonadotropins (GtH; Qa and Qb) were purified by gel filtration and ion exchange chromatography from the pituitaries of Indian walking catfish (Clarias batrachus). The presence of GtH during purification was assessed by in vitro oocyte maturation and in vivo steroidogenic activity, and their identities were determined by elution profiles, molecular weight, biological activities and yield. The molecular weights of Qa and Qb were 37 and 42 kDa, respectively, and composed of distinct subunits (Qa: 20 and 14 kDa and Qb: 26 and 18 kDa). Polyclonal antibodies raised against Qa immunostained Qa, Qb and pituitary GtH cells. A competitive Qa‐ELISA was developed whose sensitivity was 6.25 ng mL?1 (1.25 ng well?1) with intra‐ (3.5%) and inter‐ (12.4%) assay coefficients of variation. Displacement curves parallel to the standard were obtained with plasma and pituitary extracts of catfish, Qb and carp GtHII. The assay was validated by measuring the plasma Qa levels after LHRH treatment and in relation to ovarian growth in the female catfish during different reproductive phases. Based on the results, Qa and Qb corresponded to fish LH and FSH respectively. The findings will increase the knowledge of the mechanisms controlling fish reproduction and identification of sensitive phases in fish in captivity for hormonal manipulation. 相似文献
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Controlled infection of Poecilia reticulata Peters (guppy) with Tetrahymena by immersion and intraperitoneal injection 
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下载免费PDF全文 G Sharon M Pimenta‐Leibowitz M C L Vilchis N Isakov D Zilberg 《Journal of fish diseases》2015,38(1):67-74
Tetrahymena is a protozoan parasite, which infects guppy, Poecilia reticulata Peters, and causes substantial economical losses in commercial farms worldwide. Studies of guppy infected by Tetrahymena require standardized infection protocols. The LD50 for Tetrahymena infection of guppies by intraperitoneal (IP) injection was calibrated, and the level obtained was 946 parasites per fish. Guppy infection with Tetrahymena by immersion, imitating the natural route of infection via the integument, was studied under normal or stress conditions. Exposure to cold and netting (CNI) and to cold only (CI) followed by immersion exposure to 10 000 Tetrahymena per mL resulted in 22.5% and 19.2% mortality, respectively, as compared to 14.2% and 10% in groups that were netted only (NI) or non‐stressed (I). Histopathology revealed that immersion infection resulted in a systemic infection. Lysozyme levels, measured 3 weeks after infection, were significantly higher in the CNI group (288 μg per mg protein) compared with CI‐, NI‐ and I‐treated groups (94.5, 64 and 62.3 μg mg?1, respectively). There was no evident parasite immobilization activity in body homogenates, suggesting no development of acquired immunity. Re‐infection by IP injection revealed no increase in protection in any of the treatment groups, mortality range of 56.3–75%, higher than in the non‐exposed control (40.6% mortality). 相似文献
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Iciar Martinez Amaya Velasco Ricardo Pérez-Martín Eskil Forås Michiaki Yamashita Carmen G. Sotelo 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2013,22(4):289-297
The purpose of this work was to evaluate the suitability of a method based on the presence of two restriction sites (for Hae III and Hindf I) in the mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5 (mt ND5) gene to identify Scomber species. The evaluation was performed on 144 reference and market samples by sequencing of the entire 505-bp fragment of the mt ND5 gene and of a 464-bp fragment of the Kocher fragment of the cytochrome b gene (mt Cytb). Sequence analysis of any of the two fragments allows the identification of each of the four Scomber species, but S. japonicus and S. colias had the same restriction sites at the ND5 amplicon and would not have been differentiated by this analysis. Similarly, loss of the Hae III site in some S. scombrus individuals would have misidentified them as not being Scomber. All the market products were correctly labeled except one acquired in Spain labeled as originating in the Atlantic and containing S. japonicus. 相似文献
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The endemic, anadromous cyprinidChalcalburnus tarichi is the only fish species known to occur in alkaline Lake Van (Eastern Anatolia, Turkey). EightC. tarichi were maintained individually in Lake Van water (17 – 19°C; pH 9.8; 153 mEq·I–1 total alkalinity; 22 total salinity) and tank water samples analyzed for 24 h in 2 to 4 h intervals. At zero time, < 1µM ammonia was present and urea was undetectable in the tank water; at 24 h, total ammonia and urea made up 114±32 and 35±25µM, respectively. Over the experimental period, ammonia-N and urea-N excretion averaged 1041±494 and 607±169moles·kg–1 fish·h–1, respectively. The extent of urea excretion was highly variable between specimens. Uric acid excretion was not detectable.Urea was present at high concentrations in all tissues and plasma (25 – 35moles·g–1·ml–1) of freshly caughtC. tarichi; total ammonia content of the tissues was by a factor of 1.9 (liver) to 3.0 (brain) lower. High arginase activity (2.4±0.2 U·min–1·g–1) was detected in the liver ofC. tarichi but ornithine carbamoylphosphate transferase, a key enzyme of the ornithine-urea-cycle, was absent. Ureagenesis is likely through degradation of arginine and/or uricolysis. High glutamine synthetase activity (11±0.6 U·min–1·g–1) and low ammonia content in brain suggest that, like other teleosts,C. tarichi has an efficient ammonia detoxification in the brain, but in no other tissue.Nitrogenous waste excretion at alkaline pH is discussed. The ability ofC. tarichi to excrete high levels of ammonia at extremely alkaline pH is unique among teleosts studied so far. The mechanism of ammonia excretion under Lake Van conditions remains to be elucidated. 相似文献
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There has been growing concern about the overuse of antibiotics in the ornamental fish industry and its possible effect on the increasing drug resistance in both commensal and pathogenic organisms in these fish. The aim of this study was to carry out an assessment of the diversity of bacteria, including pathogens, in ornamental fish species imported into North America and to assess their antibiotic resistance. Kidney samples were collected from 32 freshwater ornamental fish of various species, which arrived to an importing facility in Portland, Oregon from Colombia, Singapore and Florida. Sixty‐four unique bacterial colonies were isolated and identified by PCR using bacterial 16S primers and DNA sequencing. Multiple isolates were identified as bacteria with potential to cause disease in both fish and humans. The antibiotic resistance profile of each isolate was performed for nine different antibiotics. Among them, cefotaxime (16% resistance among isolates) was the antibiotic associated with more activity, while the least active was tetracycline (77% resistant). Knowing information about the diversity of bacteria in imported ornamental fish, as well as the resistance profiles for the bacteria will be useful in more effectively treating clinical infected fish, and also potential zoonoses in the future. 相似文献
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Effect of iodophor disinfection of non‐hardened Salmo trutta eggs on their bacterial and fungus load 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Franz Lahnsteiner 《Aquaculture Research》2017,48(7):3901-3909
This study investigated the efficiency of iodophor disinfection (135 ppm active iodine for 15–30 min) of non‐hardened Salmo trutta eggs against different groups of bacteria and against fungus. Egg samples were taken from non‐disinfected and from disinfected eggs, microorganisms were cultured on specific nutrient media and their mass was measured by turbidimetric methods. Bacteria and fungus mass of non‐hardened eggs could be reduced but not eliminated by iodophor disinfection with 135 ppm active iodine for 15 min. The extent of reduction was 47–65% (Experiment 1). The efficiency of disinfection increased with disinfection time as the reduction in bacteria and fungus mass was 40–55% after 15 min and 58–74% after 30 min (Experiment 2). Disinfection efficiency of iodophor solution diluted in water (reduction 49–57%) and of iodophor solution diluted in sodium chloride solution iso‐osmolar to the oocytes (reduction 52–61%) was similar (Experiment 3). The reduction in bacteria and fungus mass was persistent as it was 39–72% lower in embryos deriving from disinfected eggs than in embryos deriving from non‐disinfected ones (Experiment 4). In conclusion, the tested disinfection method is inadequate to eliminate pathogens completely but it could positively influence immune defence of eggs and embryos. 相似文献