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1.
超低温冷冻对日本鳗鲡精子酶活性的影响 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
研究超低温冷冻保存(-196℃)对日本鳗鲡精子内总ATP酶、肌酸激酶(CK)、琥珀酸脱氢酶(SDH)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)等酶活性的影响。运用试剂盒分别测定了冷冻前后日本鳗鲡精子内酶活性的变化。结果表明,经过超低温冷冻保存后,日本鳗鲡精子的活力下降,精子内GR活性显著升高(P<0.05),酶活性从冻前的358.52±45.65 U/L上升到646.30±70.30 U/L;其它几种酶的活性均显著下降(P<0.05),总ATP酶、CK和SDH的活性分别从冻前的3.14±0.61 U/ml、17.10±3.51 U/ml和32±5.94 U/ml下降到1.83±0.43 U/ml、7.33±1.74 U/ml和21±1.41 U/ml,LDH、SOD和CAT活性分别从冻前的2 266.67±313.25 U/L、220.47±32.94 U/ml和48.51±5.94U/ml下降到1 195.91±198.51 U/L、84.16±22.11 U/ml和21.8±4.14 U/ml。超低温冷冻对日本鳗鲡精子酶活性和精子活力均有较大影响。 相似文献
2.
社会等级因素对虎斑乌贼生长、存活及相关酶活的影响 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
为探究虎斑乌贼养殖过程中,社会等级因素存在下优势大个体对劣势小个体的生长是否产生胁迫影响,本实验在室内小网筐(Φ=60 cm,高20 cm)控制条件下,采用单因子实验,研究了不同规格(大规格L:体质量为4~5 g,中规格M:体质量为2.5~3.5 g,小规格S:体质量为1~2 g)的虎斑乌贼单一规格养殖和混合规格养殖(LMS比1∶1∶1)条件下的存活率、特定生长率、耗氧率、排氨率和代谢酶(ATP酶、丙酮酸激酶和己糖激酶)的变化,培养时间40 d。结果显示,单一规格养殖和混合规格养殖条件下L乌贼特定生长率差异不明显,但混合规格养殖组M和S乌贼特定生长率明显低于单一规格养殖组M和S乌贼特定生长率,各组乌贼特定生长率排序:LMS-M(3.12±0.35)%/dM(5.21±0.24)%/d,LMS-S(1.39±0.28)%/dS(4.37±0.42)%/d;养殖10 d,单一规格养殖组和混合规格养殖组乌贼成活率差异不明显,从20 d开始,混合规格养殖组成活率明显低于单一规格养殖组,养殖40 d各组乌贼成活率排序:LMS(41%±5.35%)M(60%±4.58%)L(61%±6.43%)S(63%±5.57%);单一规格养殖和混合规格养殖条件下L乌贼耗氧率差异不明显,但混合规格养殖组M和S乌贼耗氧率明显低于单一规格养殖组M和S乌贼耗氧率,各组乌贼耗氧率排序:LMS-M[(0.48±0.03)mg/(g·h)]M[(0.69±0.02)mg/(g·h)],LMSS[(0.75±0.04)mg/(g·h)]S[(0.94±0.04)mg/(g·h)];单一规格养殖和混合规格养殖条件下L乌贼排氨率差异不明显,但混合规格养殖组M和S乌贼排氨率明显低于单一规格养殖组M和S乌贼排氨率,各组乌贼排氨率排序:LMS-M[(0.057±0.004)mg/(g·h)]M[(0.082±0.007)mg/(g·h)],LMS-S[(0.085±0.007)mg/(g·h)]S[(0.135±0.007)mg/(g·h)];单一规格养殖和混合规格养殖条件下L乌贼ATP酶、丙酮酸酶和己糖激酶活性差异不明显,但混合规格养殖组M和S乌贼3种酶活性明显低于单一规格养殖组M和S乌贼,各组乌贼ATP酶活性LMS-M[(1.25±0.16)U/mg prot]M[(2.74±0.26)U/mg prot],LMS-S[(0.77±0.11)U/mg prot]S[(1.94±0.09)U/mg prot];各组乌贼丙酮酸酶活性HET-M[(51.14±6.24)U/mg prot]M[(78.05±8.38)U/mg prot],LMS-S[(27.94±6.65)U/mg prot]S[(55.92±2.81)U/mg prot];各组乌贼己糖激酶活性LMS-M[(10.71±1.24)U/mg prot]M[(23.59±1.67)U/mg prot],LMSS[(5.91±0.83)U/mg prot]S[(13.82±1.66)U/mg prot]。研究表明,在混合规格养殖条件下L乌贼对M和S乌贼的正常生长产生显著影响,对养殖十分不利,因此在人工养殖虎斑乌贼的过程中,要定期地挑拣分级,保证规格的均一性,以减轻大个体乌贼对小个体乌贼的胁迫作用,进而提高乌贼养殖的生产效率。 相似文献
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研究了超低温冷冻保存(-196℃)对俄罗斯鲟(Acipenser gueldenstaedti)精浆和精子中总三磷酸腺苷酶(AT-Pase)、琥珀酸脱氢酶(SDH)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、肌酸激酶(CK)等酶活性的影响,并分别测定了冷冻前后俄罗斯鲟精浆和精子中酶的活性。结果显示,经过超低温冷冻保存后,俄罗斯鲟精子活力下降,精子内各酶活性均显著降低,添加冷冻保护液组精子中总ATPase、SDH、LDH和CK的活性分别从(198.47±14.43)U/mL、(30.00±2.65)U/mL、(6 982.29±24.32)U/L和(1.94±0.05)U/mL下降至(110.19±2.32)U/mL、(16.33±2.08)U/mL、(5 122.93±195.07)U/L和(1.49±0.14)U/mL。未添加抗冻剂组则分别下降至(2.25±0.33)U/mL、(11.67±0.58)U/mL、(4 488.04±78.33)U/L和(1.16±0.02)U/mL;精浆中酶的活性均显著升高,添加冷冻保护液组精浆总ATPase、SDH、LDH和CK活性分别从(12.70±0.57)U/mL、(7.50±0.71)U/mL、(2017.26±116.81)U/L和(2.93±0.59)U/mL升高至(92.49±5.18)U/mL、(13.33±0.58)U/mL、(3 688.97±172.67)U/L和(4.39±0.24)U/mL,未添加抗冻剂组则分别上升至(200.27±12.97)U/mL、(24.67±3.06)U/mL、(6 124.40±329.14)U/L和(5.20±0.16)U/mL。结果表明,超低温冷冻对俄罗斯鲟精浆和精子中酶活性及精子活力均有较大影响。 相似文献
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研究了超低温冷冻保存(-196℃)对脊尾白虾精子内琥珀酸脱氢酶(SDH)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、Na+/K+-ATP酶、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)与顶体酶活性的影响,以期为提高脊尾白虾精子超低温冷冻效果提供理论依据.设置对照组(未添加抗冻剂)、3个实验组[分别添加DMSO (V/V) 10.0％、12.5％、15.0％],于冷冻0、1、3、5、7、15d取样测定各酶活性.结果表明,经冷冻后,除GR外,其他所测酶活性均出现显著下降(P＜0.05),且以对照组酶活性下降幅度最大.GR活性在冷冻7d内显著升高,且对照组明显高于实验组(P＜0.05),在冷冻15d时又出现下降.添加15.0％ DMSO组所测酶活性均高于同期其它各组,表明15.0％ DMSO对精子内酶的保护作用较好.冷冻15 d后15.0％ DMSO组的SDH、LDH和Na+/K+-ATP酶活性由(28.500±1.453) U/mL、(1290.836±27.603) U/L和(2.605-0.232) μmol/(mg·h)分别降至(15.300±0.950) U/mL、(363.713-13.943) U/L和(0.542-0.186) μmol/(mg.h);SOD和CAT活性由(106.497±7.217) U/mL、(383.632±4.731)U/g分别降至(17.036 ±0.321)U/mL、(166.940±1.910) U/g;顶体酶活性从(3.521±0.010)μIU/106降至(1.212±0.043)μIU/106;而GR活性由(217.042±6.962) U/L上升至(302.787±24.558)U/L.从冷冻后各酶下降幅度来看,超低温冷冻对SOD活性的影响最大,其次是Na+/K+-ATP酶. 相似文献
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解剖成熟的单环刺虫(Urechis uniconctus)成体,直接从肾管中取出新鲜精子进行实验。结果显示,单环刺虫精子为鞭毛型,头部最前端为顶体,呈奶嘴状;细胞核近似杯状,核内有核泡。中段由一个大环状线粒体组成。尾部轴丝为典型的“9+2”型结构。精液的pH值为6.5±0.2;精子密度为(4.2±0.2)×109/mL;新鲜精子经过滤海水(10 cm厚的脱脂棉过滤)的激活率为86.4%±6.3%,涡动时间为(17.0±6.9)min,寿命为(24.4±7.8)min。室温(20±1)℃下,精子保存12 h活力无显著变化,但至24 h活力明显下降;低温(4℃)可明显延长精子活力的保存时间,可保存21 d;盐度和酸碱度对精子的激活率、涡动时间和寿命都有较大的影响,精子适宜的盐度为20~30,最佳盐度为25;适宜的酸碱度为7~9,最佳为8。因此,低温可以较长时间的保存单环刺虫的精子,在盐度稍低或偏碱性的海水中精子活力较高。 相似文献
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超低温保存对罗氏沼虾胚胎几种酶活性的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
研究了超低温冷冻保存(-196℃)对罗氏沼虾胚胎内总三磷酸腺苷酶(ATPase)、肌酸激酶(CK)、琥珀酸脱氢酶(SDH)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、丙二醛(MDA)等酶活性的影响。运用试剂盒分别测定了冷冻前后罗氏沼虾胚胎内酶活性的变化。结果表明,经过超低温冷冻保存后,胚胎内7种酶的活性均显著下降(P0.05),其中总ATPase、CK、LDH和SDH的活性分别从冻前的1.322±0.162 U/mg prot、0.404±0.015 U/mg prot、352.225±23.214 U/gprot和2.067±0.139 U/mg prot下降到0.087±0.003 U/mg prot、0.010±0.002 U/mg prot、5.890±0.658 U/gprot和0.552±0.138 U/mg prot;SOD、CAT和GSH-Px的活性分别从冻前的19.217±0.677 U/mg prot、3.587±0.233 U/mg prot和7.626±1.106 U/(min.mg)下降至3.579±0.234 U/mg prot、1.773±0.227 U/mg prot和1.524±0.096 U/(min.mg);MDA的活性从1.015±0.038 n mol/mg prot上升到20.937±0.320 n mol/mgprot,超低温冷冻对罗氏沼虾胚胎酶活性有显著性影响。 相似文献
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人工诱导花鳗鲡的精巢发育成熟及其精子的生物学特性 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
用肌肉注射HCG的处理方式（剂量为500U/㎏•体重,每周注射1次,注射时间为6周）诱导雄性花鳗鲡性腺发育成熟,成熟率达80.0%。对人工催熟花鳗鲡精子的生物学特性研究结果表明：花鳗鲡精子头部长径为3.81±0.69µm,短径为1.24±0.15µm;尾部长度为24.83±3.05µm;精液pH为7.3~7.5,精子密度为1.02×1010尾/ mL。精子的适宜盐度为15~20,其中盐度为15时,精子激活比率最高,快速运动时间以及精子的寿命最长。精子的pH适宜范围为6.0~8.0,pH值过高或过低都会影响精子的活力与寿命。另外,4 种金属离子(Mg2+、Ca2+、Na+和K+)对花鳗鲡精子活力与寿命的影响趋势基本一致,金属离子浓度过高或过低都会抑制精子的活力、缩短快速运动时间和寿命。而MgCl2、CaCl2、KCl、NaCl溶液浓度为0.4~0.6g/mL时,精子活力最好,最高激活比率为3级（41.0%~60.0%）。 相似文献
8.
研究超低温(-196℃)冷冻保存对大黄鱼(Pseudosiaena crocea)精子内总ATP酶、肌酸激酶(CK)、琥珀酸脱氢酶(SDH)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)等酶活性的影响。运用试剂盒分别测定了冷冻前后大黄鱼精子内酶活性的变化。结果表明,经过超低温冷冻保存后,大黄鱼精子的活力下降,精子内GR活性从(4.42±0.29)U·L-1增加到(58.93±2.26)U·L-1(P<0.05);其它几种酶的活性均显著下降(P<0.05),总ATP酶、CK、SDH的活性分别从冻前的(60.16±5.88)U·mL-1、(11.91±0.76)U·mL-1和(51±2.16)U·mL-1下降到(3.54±0.37)U·mL-1、(10.22±0.32)U·mL-1和(31.5±2.08)U·mL-1;LDH、SOD和CAT活性从冻前的(7 806.44±110.11)U·L-1、(42.65±1.56)U·mL-1和(119.91±8.10)U·mL-1下降到(2 654.13±70.06)U·L-1、(31.99±1.57)U·mL-1和(55.87±2.32)U·mL-1。超低温冷冻保存对大黄鱼精子活力和精子酶活性均有显著影响。 相似文献
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为研究盐度对大鳞副泥鳅（Paramisgurnusdabryanus）Na+-K+-ATP酶（NKA）、抗氧化酶活性及组织结构的影响,试验设置4、8、12共3个盐度组和一个淡水组（对照）,以全长（17.60±0.69）cm,体质量（35.51±5.30）g的大鳞副泥鳅进行14 d胁迫试验。结果表明：盐度升高使鳃Na+-K+-ATP酶活力上升,第7 d 时3个试验组Na+-K+-ATP酶活性均达到峰值且盐度8和12组显著高于淡水组（P<0.05）。肝脏SOD和CAT活性均表现为先上升后下降的趋势,且分别于胁迫12 h和2 d时达到最大值;3个盐度组的GSH-PX酶活性在6 h和12 h均有所升高,且盐度12组显著高于淡水组（P<0.05）。盐度4、8和12组肝脏MDA含量分别在第1 d和7 d达到最大值且显著高于淡水组（P<0.05）。组织切片结果显示,盐度12组的鳃小片变窄,鳃小片间距变大,泌氯细胞数量增多;肝细胞空泡化严重,血窦扩张范围增大,并出现细胞轮廓模糊、细胞核偏移、细胞核溶解。上述结果表明,盐度胁迫对大鳞副泥鳅的Na+-K+-ATP酶、抗氧化酶活性具有显著的诱导作用,并对其鳃和肝组织造成损伤。 相似文献
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以刺参的存活率、增重率、特定生长率和肠道蛋白酶、淀粉酶、纤维素酶及肠道组织结构变化为评价指标,通过42 d的养殖实验,研究了在基础饲料(空白组)中添加20%生物胶为粘合剂制备粘性饲料(粘性饲料对照组),通过添加浒苔干粉(浒苔组)、微生态制剂(微生态制剂组)、中草药(中草药组) 3种投入品对浅海筏式网箱养殖刺参生理及生长的影响。结果显示,在散失率方面,粘性饲料比空白组饲料散失率降低33.42%,添加浒苔干粉、微生态制剂、中草药对饲料散失率的影响差异不显著(P>0.05);在生长方面,中草药组的增重率和特定生长率均为最高,分别达到(41.50±1.39)%和(0.82±0.02)%/d,显著高于其他4个实验组;在存活率方面,微生态制剂组和中草药组的存活率显著高于空白组和粘性饲料对照组。其中,中草药组存活率最高,达到(94.03±2.28)%;在消化酶活性方面,浒苔组、微生态制剂组和中草药组的淀粉酶活性分别在第10、20、30天达到峰值,峰值分别为(1.70±0.05)、(1.60±0.04)、(1.77±0.04) U/mg prot;粘性饲料对照组的蛋白酶活性波动最大,其活性在第10天达到峰值为(1.78±0.09) U/mg prot;空白组、粘性饲料对照组和浒苔组的纤维素酶活性均呈现先升高后降低的趋势,在实验周期内中草药组的纤维素酶活性表现为持续上升,而微生态制剂组刺参的纤维素酶活性表现出先下降后上升的趋势,最低值为(0.14±0.01) μg/g·min;肠道组织结构方面,粘性饲料对照组的肠道黏膜上皮层厚度显著增加(P<0.05),浒苔组的肌肉层厚度显著增加(P<0.05),中草药组和微生态制剂组刺参肠道组织结构完整,上皮细胞分泌旺盛。研究表明,通过添加生物胶所制作的粘性饲料可显著降低饲料散失率,添加微生态制剂和中草药可显著提高网箱养殖刺参的成活率,并显著提高刺参个体的消化酶活力和增重率,添加浒苔对刺参生长影响不显著。 相似文献
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Association between the interannual variation in the oceanic environment and catch rates of bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus) in the Atlantic Ocean 
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下载免费PDF全文 The environmental processes associated with variability in the catch rates of bigeye tuna in the Atlantic Ocean are largely unexplored. This study used generalized additive models (GAMs) fitted to Taiwanese longline fishery data from 1990 to 2009 and investigated the association between environmental variables and catch rates to identify the processes influencing bigeye tuna distribution in the Atlantic Ocean. The present findings reveal that the year (temporal factor), latitude and longitude (spatial factors), and major regular longline target species of albacore catches are significant for the standardization of bigeye tuna catch rates in the Atlantic Ocean. The standardized catch rates and distribution of bigeye tuna were found to be related to environmental and climatic variation. The model selection processes showed that the selected GAMs explained 70% of the cumulative deviance in the entire Atlantic Ocean. Regarding environmental factors, the depth of the 20 degree isotherm (D20) substantially contributed to the explained deviance; other important factors were sea surface temperature (SST) and sea surface height deviation (SSHD). The potential fishing grounds were observed with SSTs of 22–28°C, a D20 shallower than 150 m and negative SSHDs in the Atlantic Ocean. The higher predicted catch rates were increased in the positive northern tropical Atlantic and negative North Atlantic Oscillation events with a higher SST and shallow D20, suggesting that climatic oscillations affect the population abundance and distribution of bigeye tuna. 相似文献
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Liping Li Rui Wang Wanwen Liang Xi Gan Ting Huang Yan Huang Jian Li Yunliang Shi Honglin Luo Ming Chen 《广西水产科技》2014,(1)
Previously, we reported 10 PEGE types of 85 tilapia Streptococcus agalactiae(GBS), which shifted from Streptococcus iniae in China, by using PEGE method. Presently, larger and more representative tilapia GBS were isolated, for the ?rst time in China, to characterize their serotypes and genetic diversities more precisely than had done before. 168 GBS strains were distributed in ?ve provinces of China, in which Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan were the major ones, holding36.9%(62/168), 37.5%(63/168) and 19.6%(33/168), respectively. Serotypes, Ia, Ib and III, were observed in these strains and the most predominant one was Ia(95.2%), which mainly distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan. Ia initially occurred in 2009, it shoot up to 32.1% in 2010,but decreased to 16.1% in 2011 before went up to 45.2% in 2012. Ib sporadically occurred during2007–2011, III onlyoccurred in 2012. 14 different PFGE types, including 4 new types(N, O,P and Q), were observed, in which B, D, F and G were the predominant types, holding 83.9%(141/168) of the total GBS strains. Ia corresponded to 11 PFGE types(A–H, N–P), in which type D predominated(51%). Ib represented 3 genotypes(I, J and Q) and III harbored only 2genotypes(N and F). Type N and Fsynchronously presented in Ia and III. In summary, the genetic diversity of tilapia GBS varied by serotypes and changed with geographical locations and years.Although Iastillpredominated, new rareserotypeIII alreadyoccurred in China. 相似文献
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Iciar Martinez Amaya Velasco Ricardo Pérez-Martín Eskil Forås Michiaki Yamashita Carmen G. Sotelo 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2013,22(4):289-297
The purpose of this work was to evaluate the suitability of a method based on the presence of two restriction sites (for Hae III and Hindf I) in the mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5 (mt ND5) gene to identify Scomber species. The evaluation was performed on 144 reference and market samples by sequencing of the entire 505-bp fragment of the mt ND5 gene and of a 464-bp fragment of the Kocher fragment of the cytochrome b gene (mt Cytb). Sequence analysis of any of the two fragments allows the identification of each of the four Scomber species, but S. japonicus and S. colias had the same restriction sites at the ND5 amplicon and would not have been differentiated by this analysis. Similarly, loss of the Hae III site in some S. scombrus individuals would have misidentified them as not being Scomber. All the market products were correctly labeled except one acquired in Spain labeled as originating in the Atlantic and containing S. japonicus. 相似文献
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In this experiment, a feeding trial was performed to determine the effects of fructooligosaccharide (FOS) on growth performance, digestive enzyme activity and immune response of Japanese sea bass, Lateolabrax japonicus juveniles (initial weight 38.3 ± 0.5 g), and the fish were examined following feeding with six levels of FOS (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 6 g/kg) for 28 days. Significant enhancement of weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) was found in fish fed 1 g/kg FOS incorporated diets (p < .05), while the feed conversion ratio (FCR) in the 1, 2 g/kg FOS groups reduced significantly compared with the control (p < .05). Besides, the crude lipid in the 4, 6 g/kg FOS groups increased significantly compared with the control (p < .05). On the other hand, the erepsin and lipase activities significantly elevated in intestine of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS (p < .05) and the lysozyme activity in serum of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than that in the control (p < .05). Moreover, the alkaline phosphatase activities in serum of fish fed 0.5, 1, 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than in control (p < .05). Regression analysis showed that the relationships between dietary FOS levels and either SGR, FCR, erepsin or lysozyme activities were best expressed by regression equations, and the optimal inclusion levels are 1.37, 1.80, 3.06, 3.11, 1.93 and 1.80 g/kg for SGR, FCR, erepsin, lipase, lysozyme and total superoxide dismutase activities, respectively. Overall, this study revealed that FOS incorporated diets could beneficial for L. japonicus culture in terms of increasing the growth, digestion and immune activities. Under the present experimental condition, the optimal supplementary level of FOS in the diet of L. japonicus is 1–3 g/kg. 相似文献
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Growth hormone (GH) and reproduction: a review 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
Florence Le Gac Odile Blaise Alex Fostier Pierre-Yves Le Bail Maurice Loir Brigitte Mourot Claudine Weil 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》1993,11(1-6):219-232
Interaction between growth and reproduction occurs in many vertebrates and is particularly obvious at certain stages of the life cycle in fish. Endocrine interactions between the gonadotropic axis and the somatotropic axis are described, the potential role of GH being emphasised. A comparative analysis of these phenomena in mammals, amphibians and fish, suggests a specific role of GH in the physiology of puberty, gametogenesis and fertility. It also shows the original contribution made by studies on the fish model in this field of investigations. 相似文献
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Two gonadotropins (GtH; Qa and Qb) were purified by gel filtration and ion exchange chromatography from the pituitaries of Indian walking catfish (Clarias batrachus). The presence of GtH during purification was assessed by in vitro oocyte maturation and in vivo steroidogenic activity, and their identities were determined by elution profiles, molecular weight, biological activities and yield. The molecular weights of Qa and Qb were 37 and 42 kDa, respectively, and composed of distinct subunits (Qa: 20 and 14 kDa and Qb: 26 and 18 kDa). Polyclonal antibodies raised against Qa immunostained Qa, Qb and pituitary GtH cells. A competitive Qa‐ELISA was developed whose sensitivity was 6.25 ng mL?1 (1.25 ng well?1) with intra‐ (3.5%) and inter‐ (12.4%) assay coefficients of variation. Displacement curves parallel to the standard were obtained with plasma and pituitary extracts of catfish, Qb and carp GtHII. The assay was validated by measuring the plasma Qa levels after LHRH treatment and in relation to ovarian growth in the female catfish during different reproductive phases. Based on the results, Qa and Qb corresponded to fish LH and FSH respectively. The findings will increase the knowledge of the mechanisms controlling fish reproduction and identification of sensitive phases in fish in captivity for hormonal manipulation. 相似文献
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Controlled infection of Poecilia reticulata Peters (guppy) with Tetrahymena by immersion and intraperitoneal injection 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 G Sharon M Pimenta‐Leibowitz M C L Vilchis N Isakov D Zilberg 《Journal of fish diseases》2015,38(1):67-74
Tetrahymena is a protozoan parasite, which infects guppy, Poecilia reticulata Peters, and causes substantial economical losses in commercial farms worldwide. Studies of guppy infected by Tetrahymena require standardized infection protocols. The LD50 for Tetrahymena infection of guppies by intraperitoneal (IP) injection was calibrated, and the level obtained was 946 parasites per fish. Guppy infection with Tetrahymena by immersion, imitating the natural route of infection via the integument, was studied under normal or stress conditions. Exposure to cold and netting (CNI) and to cold only (CI) followed by immersion exposure to 10 000 Tetrahymena per mL resulted in 22.5% and 19.2% mortality, respectively, as compared to 14.2% and 10% in groups that were netted only (NI) or non‐stressed (I). Histopathology revealed that immersion infection resulted in a systemic infection. Lysozyme levels, measured 3 weeks after infection, were significantly higher in the CNI group (288 μg per mg protein) compared with CI‐, NI‐ and I‐treated groups (94.5, 64 and 62.3 μg mg?1, respectively). There was no evident parasite immobilization activity in body homogenates, suggesting no development of acquired immunity. Re‐infection by IP injection revealed no increase in protection in any of the treatment groups, mortality range of 56.3–75%, higher than in the non‐exposed control (40.6% mortality). 相似文献
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