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本研究通过田间试验评价进口烯丙孕素内服溶液对性成熟后备母猪同期发情的诱导效果和其对母猪产仔的影响。先后筛选210日龄以上的120头健康后备母猪,随机分为药物受试组和空白对照组,每组60头。药物受试组和空白对照组分别按20 mg/（头·d）口服5 mL进口烯丙孕素内服溶液和饮用水,连续给药18 d。试验中记录各组动物发情时间、妊娠时长、分娩结果（窝产总仔数、窝产活仔数、窝产健仔数）等,计算各组母猪的发情率、同期发情率、妊娠率、分娩率等指标,采用SPSS21.0进行显著性差异分析。结果显示：药物受试组和空白对照组的母猪发情率分别为95.00%和81.67%(P<0.05),其中药物受试组猪在给药结束后第3天开始出现发情,24 h同期发情率为35.00%,48 h同期发情率为68.33%,而空白对照组试验猪发情时间离散,无集中发情规律;2组母猪平均妊娠时长、断奶后平均发情时长、平均窝总仔、窝产活仔和窝产健仔数、仔猪断奶后平均窝重无显著差异。由此可见,烯丙孕素内服溶液可有效诱导母猪同期发情,且对母猪生产无不良影响。 相似文献
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比较国产和进口烯丙孕素口服液在健康母猪体内的药物代谢动力学。将16头健康苏姜商品母猪随机分为2组,分别单剂量灌服国产烯丙孕素口服液和进口烯丙孕素口服液,按体重给药量均为1.0 mg/kg,进行药动学比较研究。给药后按预定时间采集血样,采用液相色谱-串联四级杆质谱法测定血浆中烯丙孕素含量,实测血药浓度-时间数据采用WINNONLIN 6.3版药动学分析软件处理。国产制剂和进口制剂的达峰时间(Tmax)分别为(0.81±0.14)h、(1.59±0.80)h;达峰浓度(Cmax)分别为(175.19±58.12)ng/m L、(100.47±19.64)ng/m L;消除半哀期(t1/2)分别为(3.89±0.75)h、(3.14±0.24)h;平均滞留时间(MRT0~t)分别为(5.05±0.36)h、(5.06±0.71)h;药时曲线下面积(AUC0-t)分别为(729.82±179.76)ng·h·m L-1、(554.56±156.55)ng·h·m L-1。国产烯丙孕素口服液的相对生物利用度为131.60%。国产烯丙孕素口服液Cmax显著高于进口烯丙孕素口服液,而其它参数t1/2、Tmax、AUC0-t、MRT0~t无显著性差异。研究表明,国产烯丙孕素口服液在母猪体内具有吸收好、消除快、生物利用度高等优点。 相似文献
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张贤群 《国外畜牧学(猪与禽)》2008,28(1):41-44
为研究烯丙孕素、马绒毛膜促性腺激素(eCG)和人绒毛膜促性腺激素(hCG)或促性腺激素释放激素类似物(GnRH-A)D-Phe6-LHRH在促使诊断为未孕的高胎龄母猪同步发情同步排卵以使其重返预定的人工授精方案中的作用,特进行了一项现场研究。试验选用531头在人工授精后第21～35天期间经超声波检查确诊为未孕的母猪,并随机分入3个试验组:⑴试验Ⅰ组(EGⅠ):每头母猪按16mg/d的剂量连续15d口服烯丙孕素以阻止滤泡的生长,停服24h后肌肉注射1000IU马绒毛膜促性腺激素以刺激卵泡生长,78～80h后再肌肉注射500IU人绒毛膜促性腺激素以诱导排卵;⑵试验Ⅱ组(EGⅡ):除将烯丙孕素的剂量由16mg改为20mg和马绒毛膜促性腺激素剂量由1000IU改为800IU以外,其它与试验Ⅰ组相似;⑶试验Ⅲ组(EGⅢ):除用50μg促性腺激素释放激素类似物D-Phe6-LHRH替代500IU人绒毛膜促性腺激素来诱导排卵外,其它均与试验Ⅱ组相似。试验母猪分别在注射eCG/D-Phe6-LHRH后16h和40h各进行一次人工授精,并利用超声波扫描仪检查卵巢情况以确诊激素处理是否获得成功。记录母猪的受孕率、分娩率、总产仔数和活产仔数,并与同步发情首次配种的母猪比较。试验母猪在激素处理前卵巢结构各不相同,烯丙孕素的两种口服剂量都能使80%以上的母猪卵巢卵泡生长得到阻止,不过口服16mg/d的烯丙孕素会提高多囊卵巢变性的发生率。4%～18%的母猪经烯丙孕素处理后其卵巢中仍存在黄体,大多数母猪在2次人工授精之间或第2次人工授精之后排卵(P<0.05)。注射促性腺激素释放激素类似物(GnRH-A)D-Phe6-LHRH的母猪排卵往往早于注射人绒毛膜促性腺激素的母猪。被诊断为未怀孕的母猪受孕率和分娩率比初次交配母猪低25%(P<0.05)。在诊断为未孕的母猪中,注射促性腺激素释放激素类似物(GnRH-A)D-Phe6-LHRH的母猪受孕率较高(P<0.05),但在总产仔数和活产仔数上各试验组间无显著差异。总之,给诊断为未孕的母猪口服20mg烯丙孕素,然后肌注800IU马绒毛膜促性腺激素和50μg促性腺激素释放激素类似物D-Phe6-LHRH是诱使其同步发情和同步排卵的最佳方法,至于母猪口服烯丙孕素的时间是否一个较长的18d间隔还有待进一步的研究。 相似文献
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本研究综合应用烯丙孕素、孕马血清促性腺激素等对某商品猪场8~9月龄的400头长大二元杂后备母猪进行同期发情试验,以进一步研究外源激素产品对后备母猪同期发情和繁殖性能等方面的影响。结果表明烯丙孕素+低剂量的孕马血清促性腺激素组合配种利用率最佳。 相似文献
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为研究烯丙孕素对乏情后备母猪繁殖成绩的影响,将566头225日龄前未发情的长大二元杂种后备母猪分为2组,试验组饲喂烯丙孕素口服液5 m L,连喂18 d;对照组按猪场精液诱情、舍外运动场运动、限饲等流程处理。结果表明,与对照组相比,试验组后备母猪9月龄利用率提高33个百分点(P0.01),配种分娩率提高11.41个百分点(P0.01),胎均活仔数提高0.77头(P0.01),胎均健仔数提高0.97头(P0.01)。说明烯丙孕素能够显著提高225日龄未发情后备母猪的繁殖成绩。 相似文献
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为探讨有无初情期和不同定时输精程序处理对后备母猪发情及妊娠的影响,随机选择182头有初情期和193头无初情期的后备母猪,其中将182头有初情期后备母猪分为3组,对照组(C1组,62头)、烯丙孕素组(A1组,60头)、烯丙孕素+孕马血清促性腺激素(PMSG)+促性腺激素释放激素(GnRH)组(APG1组,60头);193头无初情期后备母猪分为对照组(C2组,63头)、烯丙孕素组(A2组,65头)、烯丙孕素+PMSG+GnRH组(APG2组,65头),并且比较不同组间后备母猪的发情集中度、发情率、妊娠率等。结果显示:无初情期A2、APG2组经程序处理后分别于停药后第5～9天、第6天集中发情,有初情期A1组、APG1组母猪于停药后第6～9天、5～6天集中发情;烯丙孕素可显著提高有初情期后备母猪A1组发情率与妊娠率(P0.05),APG1与APG2组的发情率与妊娠率极显著高于C1组、C2组(P0.01),且APG1、APG2组间差异极显著(P0.01);隐性发情后备母猪妊娠率APG1、APG2组间无显著差异(P0.05)。结果表明:有无初情期显著影响后备母猪定时输精处理的效果,利用定时输精程序处理后可使母猪发情集中度、发情率、妊娠率均显著提高。 相似文献
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Krizsan SJ Nyholm L Nousiainen J Südekum KH Huhtanen P 《Journal of animal science》2012,90(9):3162-3173
The objective of this study was to compare the application of different in vitro and in situ methods in empirical and mechanistic predictions of in vivo OM digestibility (OMD) and their associations to near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy spectra for a variety of forages. Apparent in vivo OMD of silages made from alfalfa (n = 2), corn (n = 9), corn stover (n = 2), grass (n = 11), whole crops of wheat and barley (n = 8) and red clover (n = 7), and fresh alfalfa (n = 1), grass hays (n = 5), and wheat straws (n = 5) had previously been determined in sheep. Concentrations of indigestible NDF (iNDF) in all forage samples were determined by a 288-h ruminal in situ incubation. Gas production of isolated forage NDF was measured by in vitro incubations for 72 h. In vitro pepsin-cellulase OM solubility (OMS) of the forages was determined by a 2-step gravimetric digestion method. Samples were also subjected to a 2-step determination of in vitro OMD based on buffered rumen fluid and pepsin. Further, rumen fluid digestible OM was determined from a single 96-h incubation at 38°C. Digestibility of OM from the in situ and the in vitro incubations was calculated according to published empirical equations, which were either forage specific or general (1 equation for all forages) within method. Indigestible NDF was also used in a mechanistic model to predict OMD. Predictions of OMD were evaluated by residual analysis using the GLM procedure in SAS. In vitro OMS in a general prediction equation of OMD did not display a significant forage-type effect on the residuals (observed - predicted OMD; P = 0.10). Predictions of OMD within forage types were consistent between iNDF and the 2-step in vitro method based on rumen fluid. Root mean square error of OMD was least (0.032) when the prediction was based on a general forage equation of OMS. However, regenerating a simple regression for iNDF by omitting alfalfa and wheat straw reduced the root mean square error of OMD to 0.025. Indigestible NDF in a general forage equation predicted OMD without any bias (P ≥ 0.16), and root mean square error of prediction was smallest among all methods when alfalfa and wheat straw samples were excluded. Our study suggests that compared with the in vitro laboratory methods, iNDF used in forage-specific equations will improve overall predictions of forage in vivo OMD. The in vitro and in situ methods performed equally well in calibrations of iNDF or OMD by near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy. 相似文献
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大庆市羊东毕吸虫病流行病学调查 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对大庆市羊东毕吸虫病的流行病学进行了调查研究。结果表明，大庆有3种东毕吸虫，即程氏东毕吸虫（O.cheni)、土耳其斯坦东毕吸虫（O.turkestanica)和土耳斯坦东毕吸虫结节变种（O.turkestanican var.thuberculata)；中间宿主螺类有1种，即卵萝卜螺；东毕吸虫病在大庆分布很广，所调查的4区2县均有发生，羊东毕吸虫平均感染率分别为50．33％，平均死亡率为21．12％，大庆羊急性病例发病时间为8月上旬至10月下旬，慢性病例为11月上旬至翌年2月中旬。 相似文献
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中国圈养野生动物疫苗使用调查 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
2005年对中国动物园协会单位中的18家动物园饲养野生动物疫苗免疫情况进行调查。受调查动物园在野生动物疫苗使用和动物种类方面具有一定的代表性。调查结果显示动物园动物现共使用18类36种疫苗,预防31种疫病。其中哺乳动物使用14类24种疫苗,预防24种疫病;禽类使用4类12种疫苗,预防7种疫病。使用范围最广的有禽流感、犬瘟热疫苗等、新城疫疫苗、猫瘟热疫苗等。共有24目58科动物接种疫苗,其中食肉动物类1目8科,食草动物类3目9科,杂食动物类2目3科,禽类18目38科。研究结果提示应加强动物园之间疫病信息交流、防疫资源的利用、疫病监测和研究,加大对动物园动物疫病的研究投入,逐步建立动物园动物统一的防疫规程。 相似文献
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Information gathered from cases of fowl cholera (FC) in commercial turkey flocks through case records, flock records, and telephone and mail surveys was used to estimate disease costs. The cost to the Georgia commercial turkey industry in 1986 from preventive measures, treatment of outbreaks, and production losses from the disease was estimated at $634,545. The cost of FC per kg of live production was estimated to be $0.015. 相似文献
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猪伪狂犬病是由伪狂病病毒(Pseudorabies virus PRV)引起的急性传染病。其特征是成年猪常为隐性感染，可有流产、死胎、呼吸系统症状，新生仔猪除神经症状外还可侵害消化系统，并伴大批死亡。本病已经给全世界的养猪业造成严重的损失，我国许多地区已报道该病。为进一步探讨该病的控制、净化措施，我们对12个养猪场共856分血清采用美国嗍公司的ELISA试剂盒进行了抗体检测。 相似文献
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W A Vestre 《Modern veterinary practice》1984,65(2):93-97
In 5 cases of glaucoma (2 from trauma, 2 from narrowed drainage angles, 1 secondary to lens extraction), cyclocryotherapy was used to control intraocular pressure. In all cases the intraocular pressure decreased, with the usual result being a cosmetic and painless but blind eye. 相似文献
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Occurrence of MRSA in pigs and in humans involved in pig production--preliminary results of a study in the northwest of Germany 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Meemken D Cuny C Witte W Eichler U Staudt R Blaha T 《DTW. Deutsche tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》2008,115(4):132-139
In 2007, 678 pigs of all age groups out of 347 different farms from Lower Saxony and Northrhine-Westphalia and 86 persons occupationally exposed to pigs were investigated for their nasal colonisation with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus areus (MRSA) by the Field Station for Epidemiology of the University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover and the Robert Koch-Institute. At the individual animal level, a frequency of positive results of 13% (n = 85 positive animals) and at the herd level, a frequency of positive results of 18% (n = 62 positive herds) were found. All isolates were assigned to the Multilocus Sequence Typing Type ST398. Within MRSA-positive herds, there were more MRSA-negative than MRSA-positive animals. Among the occupationally exposed persons (veterinarians, laboratory personnel and meat inspection personnel), 20 persons (23%) showed a nasal colonisation with MRSA ST398. A quite strong association between the intensity of the contact to pigs with the frequency of nasal colonisation in the occupationally exposed persons was detected. None of the animals or the humans nasally colonised by MRSA ST398 showed any clinical symptoms of a staphylococcal infection. Conclusions are drawn on the herd and intra-herd prevalence of the nasal colonisation of pigs with MRSA ST398 in pigs, but especially on which questions need to be addressed by further research. 相似文献
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为了解西藏拉萨市家禽禽流感抗体水平,2017年8月随机选择免疫过H5禽流感疫苗的8个规模养殖场、2个散养户、3个活禽交易市场,共13个群体,采集1 041份家禽血清样品进行H5、H7、H9亚型禽流感HI抗体检测。结果显示：H5亚型禽流感免疫抗体合格率为45.73%,H7、H9亚型抗体阳性率分别为21.13%、52.64%;养殖场、散养户和活禽交易市场的不同亚型抗体水平存在较大差异,规模化养殖场的H7亚型抗体阳性率最高（29.92%）,活禽市场的H5、H9亚型阳性率最高（78.16%、79.31%）,散养户的所有亚型抗体阳性率均最低。结果表明,拉萨市H5亚型禽流感疫苗免疫效果较差,特别是散养户,疫病发生风险较高,H7、H9亚型疑似自然感染率较高,应进一步查明原因,及时采取相应的措施,防止疫情发生。 相似文献