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柴达木绒山羊主要物理性质分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
测定了柴达木山羊绒的细度、伸直长度、伸度和强度;并与辽宁绒山羊、内蒙古白绒山羊所产绒进行比较分析。结果:柴达木山羊绒纤维细度为13·36μm±0·93μm,极显著的低于辽宁绒山羊和内蒙古白绒山羊的细度(P<0·01);伸直长度5·66cm±1·05cm;强度6·46CN±1·16CN;伸度(35·60±4·71)%。 相似文献
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柴达木绒山羊绒毛纤维物理性能分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
柴达木绒山羊绒毛纤维物理性能的测定结果羊绒细度公、母羊为(14.25±2.67)μm和(14.36±2.57)μm,公、母羊绒伸直长为(8.00士2.01)cm和(8.22±1.42)cm,强度5.00～6.41cN,伸度39.33%～40.87%,绒毛比3763～4357,1 cm2皮肤面积上绒和毛纤维根数分别为1 895～2 278根和381～413根.表明柴达木绒山羊绒毛品质良好,可做为优等毛纺原料. 相似文献
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藏羚羊绒纤维特性的研究 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
本次研究测定了藏羚羊5个部位绒的细度、伸直长度、伸度和强度;观察了绒纤维的皮质细胞和鳞片层的结构;并将藏羚羊绒与辽宁绒山羊、西藏山羊和山东绒山羊所产羊绒进行了比较.藏羚羊体表各部位的绒毛细度、伸度和强度差异显著(P＜0.05);绒纤维的伸直长度在背、肩、体侧和股部差异不显著(P＞0.05),腹部绒的伸直长度与背部、肩部、股部和体侧部差异显著(P＜0.05);绒纤维皮质层细胞呈梭状,纤维的鳞片层呈环形.藏羚羊绒细度极显著低于西藏、四川、辽宁和山东绒山羊(P＜0.01),伸直长度和相对强度与西藏、四川、辽宁、山东和内蒙古绒山羊的绒相比差异显著(P＜0.05);藏羚羊绒伸度显著高于西藏、辽宁、山东绒山羊所产绒(P＜0.05). 相似文献
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为了揭示内蒙古绒山羊不同部位羊绒品质的差异性以及羊绒长度、羊绒细度的相关性,试验收集内蒙古白绒山羊种羊场30只周岁绒山羊31个部位的羊绒长度和细度数据进行品质差异性和羊绒长度、细度的相关性分析。结果表明:不同部位的羊绒长度在5～10 cm之间,羊绒细度在13～15μm之间;其中部位R2C1的羊绒长度最长(9. 95 cm),部位R5C3的羊绒长度最短(5. 96 cm);部位R3C3的羊绒细度最细(13. 42μm),部位R1C1的羊绒细度最粗(14. 70μm)。内蒙古绒山羊羊绒长度、羊绒细度、羊绒细度标准差不论是横轴(Ri)间还是纵轴(Cj)间均存在显著(0. 01P≤0. 05)或极显著(P≤0. 01)差异。羊绒长度和细度均表现为体侧部优于背部和腹部;各横轴羊绒长度自前向后表现为由长变短的变化规律,羊绒细度表现为体躯中间部位优于体躯前后两端;细度标准差表现为腹下和腹侧低于其他部位,且各横轴羊绒细度标准差低于各纵轴羊绒细度标准差。体侧部羊绒长度和细度间呈显著(0. 01P≤0. 05)或极显著(P≤0. 01)负相关,其他部位间呈或正或负相关,但相关性不显著(P0. 05),整体上呈负相关。说明可将内蒙古绒山羊体侧部作为羊绒品质选择部位,同时通过选育提高腹部和后躯的羊绒长度、降低背部和后躯的羊绒细度来改善绒山羊个体绒品质的同质性。 相似文献
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本次研究测定了陕西省榆林市榆阳区陕北白绒山羊绒纤维的细度、自然长度等7项物理指标,并将各项数据指标与区内外的进行比较.结果表明陕北白绒山羊绒纤维的细度为15.65±0.98μm,与2001年相比,有所提高,比辽宁绒山羊的低,比内蒙古绒山羊的高;伸直长度为9.75±2.41cm,自然长度为7.7±1.32cm,伸度为50.84%±4.70%,强度为15.65±0.98CN,洗净率为84.18%±7.1%. 相似文献
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本试验研究舍饲条件下 ,同一营养水平 (1.2倍维持需要 )、不同光照处理对绒山羊生产性能的影响。试验选用 12只 1.5岁体重和产绒性能相近的内蒙古白绒山羊羯羊 ,随机分成 3组 ,每组 4个重复 ,分别为自然光照组(NL)、长光照组 (LL ,16h)和短光照组 (SL ,8h)。结果表明 :NL、LL和SL的产绒量分别为 5 17± 4 6 .32 (g)、4 92± 6 5 .4 8(g)和 6 0 7± 2 3.34(g) ;绒纤维长度分别为 7.5 2± 0 .4 8(cm)、7.2 9± 0 .33(cm)和 8.95± 0 .2 3(cm) ;绒纤维直径分别为13.38± 0 .5 6 (μm)、14 .5 0± 0 .2 0 (μm)和 15 .70± 0 .2 4 (μm)。短光照可以显著提高产绒量、绒纤维长度和直径增加 (P<0 .0 5 ) ;绒毛强度、伸度和粗毛长度无显著差异 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,自然光照组与短光照组绒山羊体重无显著差异 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,但长光照组体重明显低于自然光照组 (P <0 .0 5 )。 相似文献
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罕山白绒山羊成年公羊平均产绒量达 81 5± 56g,成年母羊平均产绒量 482±1 2 9g,罕山羊绒 (扎鲁特羊绒 )呈白色 ,细度 1 3～ 1 6um,净绒率 65%,断裂强力 5.8g,净绒含脂率 3.3%,伸直长度 7.3cm以上 ,是高档毛纺工业原料。扎鲁特旗已创自己的绒毛名优品牌 ,产品还打入了国际市场 ,在绒毛市场占据重要位置。据此急待于实施“种子工程”普及推广良种、促进白绒山羊选育与开发 ,充分发挥名牌效应 相似文献
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测定了5岁林芝牦牛20头公牛和25头母牛背部、腹部毛绒纤维的物理特性.结果表明:背、腹部粗毛伸直长度在公、母牦牛分别为(8.82±3.40) cm、(23.23±8.20) cm、(5.62±1.19) cm、(18.95±4.84) cm,母牛腹部绒毛的伸直长度为(4.74±0.72) cm,背、腹部粗毛的细度在公、母牦牛分别为(52.99±10.72) μm、(73.32±7.20) μm、(54.63±10.02) μm、(65.96±6.78) μm,母牛腹部绒毛的细度为(17.35±2.22) μm,背部、腹部粗毛的强度在公、母牛分别为(41.16±9.32) g、(38.82±3.28) g、(31.19±7.87) g、(33.88±5.84) g;母牛腹部绒毛的强度为(15.28±2.96) g;背部、腹部粗毛的伸度在公、母牦牛分别为(41.84±4.58)%、(46.73±2.52)%、(41.21±3.32)%、(45.76±2.35)%;母牛腹部绒毛的伸度为(43.91±4.66)%. 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制. 相似文献
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Billinghurst RC Brama PA van Weeren PR Knowlton MS McIlwraith CW 《American journal of veterinary research》2004,65(2):143-150
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether serum concentrations of biomarkers of skeletal metabolism can, in conjunction with radiographic evaluation, indicate severity of osteochondrosis in developing horses. ANIMALS: 43 Dutch Warmblood foals with varying severity of osteochondrosis. PROCEDURE: 24 foals were monitored for 5 months and 19 foals were monitored for 11 months. Monthly radiographs of femoropatellar-femorotibial and tibio-tarsal joints were graded for osteochondral abnormalities. Serial blood samples were assayed for 8 cartilage and bone biomarkers. At the end of the monitoring period, foals were examined for macroscopic osteochondrosis lesions. RESULTS: Temporal relationships were evident between certain serum biomarkers and osteochondrosis severity in foals during their first year. Biomarkers of collagen degradation (collagenase-generated neoepitopes of type-II collagen fragments, type-I and -II collagen fragments [COL2-3/4C(short)], and cross-linked telopeptide fragments of type-I collagen) and bone mineralization (osteocalcin) were positive indicators of osteochondrosis severity at 5 months of age. In foals with lesions at 11 months of age, osteochondrosis severity correlated negatively with COL2-3/4C(short) and osteocalcin and positively with C-propeptide of type-II procollagen (CPII), a collagen synthesis marker. Radiographic grading of osteochondrosis lesions significantly correlated with macroscopic osteochondrosis severity score at both ages and was strongest when combined with osteocalcin at 5 months and CPII at 11 months. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The ability of serum biomarkers to indicate osteochondrosis severity appears to depend on stage of disease and is strengthened with radiography. In older foals with more permanent lesions, osteochondrosis severity is significantly related to biomarker concentrations of decreased bone formation and increased cartilage synthesis. 相似文献