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红茶色素及其分光光度法 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
红茶色素是从红茶茶汤中萃取分离的一类色素物质,是多酚类及其衍生物氧化聚合缩合产物,主要在发酵过程中形成的,是影响红茶品质最为重要的因素。Roberts E.A.H.等(1957)将红茶茶汤中溶于乙酸乙酯呈橙黄色的物质称为茶黄素,不溶于乙酸乙酯呈褐红色的物质称茶红素。随着生化技术的进步与应用,红茶色素化学有重大进展,尤其是茶黄素化学研究的成就使茶黄素的提取、分离、纯化和在制茶中的形成机制及其与红茶品质的关系等均已明晰。茶黄素是一类苯并(?)酚酮的衍生物,主要组分有茶黄素、茶黄素单没食子酸酯和茶黄素双没食子酸酯。茶红素化 相似文献
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红茶色素的系统分析法 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
红茶色素是指茶多酚在红茶制造过程中所形成的有色氧化产物,这些氧化产物归纳起来可分为三大类:茶黄素类、茶红素类、茶褐素类。茶黄素是一类呈橙黄色的物质,它是构成茶汤明亮度和滋味鲜爽度的主要组成成分;茶红素呈红色,是红茶汤色的主体物质;茶褐素是一类呈棕褐色的物质,是形成暗汤的基本因素。优良品质的红茶含有较多的茶黄素和茶红 相似文献
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红茶品质影响因素的研究进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
正红茶属于全发酵茶,在加工中利用酶促氧化作用,使茶叶中的多酚类物质等内含物氧化、聚合、缩合生成茶黄素、茶红素等有色物质,形成红茶"红汤红叶"、香气甜香、滋味甜醇的品质特征。近年国内红茶发展迅速,关于红茶品质的研究引起关注。本文就产地环境、茶树的品种、加工工艺和外源酶等对红茶品质的影响等方面的研究进行综述,以期探讨红 相似文献
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萎凋技术对工夫红茶品质影响研究进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
工夫红茶的加工工艺中,萎凋是第一道丁序,是形成红茶品质的基础工序。茶鲜叶经过萎凋,既有物理方面的失水,也有化学方面的物质转化。影响萎凋品质的因素主要有萎凋方式、萎凋时间、萎凋温度及萎凋程度等,萎凋效果对红茶最后品质的形成影响较大。因此,本文通过综述萎凋方式、萎凋时间、萎凋温度及萎凋程度对工夫红茶品质的影响,并提出建议,以期生产企业能在实际生产中对萎凋工序及萎凋各因子对红茶品质的影响有足够的认识,为生产优质红茶和新工艺产品开发提供一些帮助。 相似文献
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中国是红茶的创始国,红茶在世界上拥有广泛的爱好者。随着红茶受到越来越多茶叶爱好者的喜爱,如何进一步提升红茶品质,生产出满足市场消费需求的红茶也日益成为人们普遍关注的问题。本文拟从红茶品质的形成机理为切入点,探讨影响红茶品质的因素,并以此探讨改进与提升红茶品质的相关措施,旨在为茶叶生产技术人员以及科研人员提供一些参考。 相似文献
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《Journal of Cereal Science》2007,45(3):236-251
Sorghum is a good source of phenolic compounds with a variety of genetically dependent types and levels including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and condensed tannins. Most sorghums do not contain condensed tannins, but all contain phenolic acids. Pigmented sorghums contain unique anthocyanins that could be potential food colorants. Some sorghums have a prominent pigmented testa that contains condensed tannins composed of flavan-3-ols with variable length. Flavan-3-ols of up to 8–10 units have been separated and quantitatively analyzed. These tannin sorghums are excellent antioxidants, which slow hydrolysis in foods, produce naturally dark-colored products and increase the dietary fiber levels of food products. Sorghums have high concentration of 3-deoxyanthocyanins (i.e. luteolinidin and apigenidin) that give stable pigments at high pH. Pigmented and tannin sorghum varieties have high antioxidant levels that are comparable to fruits and vegetables. Finger millet has tannins in some varieties that contain a red testa. There are limited data on the phenolic compounds in millets; only phenolic acids and flavones have been identified. 相似文献
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Sorghum and millet phenols and antioxidants 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：5
Sorghum is a good source of phenolic compounds with a variety of genetically dependent types and levels including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and condensed tannins. Most sorghums do not contain condensed tannins, but all contain phenolic acids. Pigmented sorghums contain unique anthocyanins that could be potential food colorants. Some sorghums have a prominent pigmented testa that contains condensed tannins composed of flavan-3-ols with variable length. Flavan-3-ols of up to 8–10 units have been separated and quantitatively analyzed. These tannin sorghums are excellent antioxidants, which slow hydrolysis in foods, produce naturally dark-colored products and increase the dietary fiber levels of food products. Sorghums have high concentration of 3-deoxyanthocyanins (i.e. luteolinidin and apigenidin) that give stable pigments at high pH. Pigmented and tannin sorghum varieties have high antioxidant levels that are comparable to fruits and vegetables. Finger millet has tannins in some varieties that contain a red testa. There are limited data on the phenolic compounds in millets; only phenolic acids and flavones have been identified. 相似文献
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概述了海峡两岸农业交流与合作的现状,提出了应该共同呼吁尽快实现两岸“三通”,开放农业生物技术图书期刊资料交流以及开放生物学科方面网络的思路,以便为农业交流与合作的顺畅开展打好基础,并寄希望能够就糖蔗、果蔗以及甘蔗笋等方面的研究与开发到台湾学习取经,开展学术交流或与台湾同行共同开展研究,为我省甘蔗业的发展作出贡献。 相似文献
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种子加工、检验理论与技术现状及思考 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
种子加工及检验是种子向市场流通的关键，是商业化育种中赋予种子商品属性不可或缺的环节。种子加工、检验理论与技术的研究是完善种业产业链、实现规模化商业育种、夯实“育繁推一体化”种业科学的重要一环。中国的种业科学技术体系正在形成与完善之中，受制于行业发展水平，种子加工及检验理论与技术相对薄弱。本文回顾了种子加工及检验理论与技术研究发展历程，提出了完善中国种业科学发展的策略与建议。围绕种业发展的需要，在做好品种优质化繁育的基础上，分析种子加工及检验理论与技术的新方向和新需求，加强种业应用性研究，建立先进的种子质量检验体系，研制适合现代种业发展需求的种子加工设备，打造种子加工产业标准化生产体系，完善种业科学技术学科建设，促进种业产业持续健康发展。 相似文献
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Summary Between 1993 and 1998 205 different potato cultivars and 1220 accessions/genotypes of wild and cultivated potato species from
the IPK Genebank Gatersleben were evaluated. Parameters interesting for starch isolation and especially for the use of starch
were determined. Altogether, there was a higher variability in wild potato species than in cultivated potatoes for all characteristics
investigated: dry matter content, starch content, protein content, amylose content and mean particle diameter of starch granules. 相似文献
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In field experiments conducted over 2 years in Mediterranean conditions, five winter and five spring triticales were evaluated for forage and grain production in the same cropping season. The experiments had two treatments, namely harvesting for grain only, and dual-purpose forage and grain production. In the latter treatment, forage was cut when the first node was detectable (Zadoks' stage 31), without removing the apical meristems. Grain was harvested when ripe (Zadoks' stage 92) in both cut and uncut plots.
Environmental conditions affected grain production and protein content more than forage yield and quality. Winter triticales yielded about 43% more forage than spring types, but after forage removal the spring types yielded about 36% more grain than winter triticales.
Reductions in grain yield after clipping were more pronounced in winter (32%) than in spring (19%) types. Forage crude protein content was significantly higher in the spring types studied (24.6%) than in the winter types (23.5%), the opposite being true for fibre content (20.7 and 21.6% respectively). Grain crude protein content did not differ between grain and dual-purpose treatments, but was higher in the spring triticales (12.8%) than in the winter types (11.9%). There was more variability for the measured traits within the winter triticales studied than within the spring types. 相似文献
Environmental conditions affected grain production and protein content more than forage yield and quality. Winter triticales yielded about 43% more forage than spring types, but after forage removal the spring types yielded about 36% more grain than winter triticales.
Reductions in grain yield after clipping were more pronounced in winter (32%) than in spring (19%) types. Forage crude protein content was significantly higher in the spring types studied (24.6%) than in the winter types (23.5%), the opposite being true for fibre content (20.7 and 21.6% respectively). Grain crude protein content did not differ between grain and dual-purpose treatments, but was higher in the spring triticales (12.8%) than in the winter types (11.9%). There was more variability for the measured traits within the winter triticales studied than within the spring types. 相似文献
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种子加工及检验是种子向市场流通的关键,是商业化育种中赋予种子商品属性不可或缺的环节。种子加工、检验理论与技术的研究是完善种业产业链、实现规模化商业育种、夯实"育繁推一体化"种业科学的重要一环。中国的种业科学技术体系正在形成与完善之中,受制于行业发展水平,种子加工及检验理论与技术相对薄弱。本文回顾了种子加工及检验理论与技术研究发展历程,提出了完善中国种业科学发展的策略与建议。围绕种业发展的需要,在做好品种优质化繁育的基础上,分析种子加工及检验理论与技术的新方向和新需求,加强种业应用性研究,建立先进的种子质量检验体系,研制适合现代种业发展需求的种子加工设备,打造种子加工产业标准化生产体系,完善种业科学技术学科建设,促进种业产业持续健康发展。 相似文献
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ZHU Mingdong WEI Xiangjin XIE Hongjun TANG Guohua ZENG Xiaoshan WANG Jianlong HU Peisong YU Yinghong 《中国水稻科学》2019,33(5):401-406
Seed processing and testing hold the key to the market circulation of seeds, and are an indispensable link in commercial breeding to endow seeds with commodity attributes. The research of seed processing and testing theory and technology is an important link in improving the seed industry chain, realizing large-scale commercial breeding and consolidating the seed industry science of ‘integration of breeding, propagation and promotion’. The scientific and technological system of seed industry in China is being formed and perfected, which is subject to the development level of the industry. The theory and technology of seed processing and testing are relatively weak. We reviewed the development of seed processing and testing theory and technology, and put forward strategies and suggestions to improve the sound development of China’s seed industry. In order to meet the needs of seed industry development and on the basis of high quality breeding of varieties, the new directions and demands of seed processing and testing theory and technology were analyzed. We will work to strengthen the applied research of seed industry, establish advanced seed quality inspection system, improve seed processing equipment suitable for the development needs of modern seed industry, establish standardized production system of seed processing industry, develop the scientific and technological disciplines of seed industry, and promote the sustainable and healthy development of seed industry. 相似文献