共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
《中国畜牧兽医文摘》2015,(9)
目的探讨奶牛真胃左方变位的诊治方法,促进奶牛业的健康发展。方法本病主要用手术疗法和对症治疗,本手术采取了左右腹部同时切口的方法。结果在实习过程中收治了2例真胃变位的奶牛,其中,1例是真胃左方变位因按时紧急手术治疗后完全康复。1例因病程较长,手术治疗无效;淘汰处理。结论手术时间越早,治愈率越高,复发以及淘汰率也低。一旦确诊后,立即进行手术,治愈率高,所以,治愈率的高低必须建立在早期诊断的基础上。 相似文献
2.
曹进夫 《北方牧业(奶牛)》2006,(10):23-24
近年来随着奶牛产奶量的提高，奶牛营养及饲草饲料结构的不合理性日见明显，精料喂量偏大，粗料以玉米黄贮为主，不喂或少喂谷草、羊草和苜蓿等粗纤维含量高的饲草，造成奶牛瘤胃功能减退，继发前胃弛缓，从而引发奶牛真胃变位。真胃变位的发病率约占奶牛总数的3．5％。随着奶牛真胃变位病例的增多，真胃变位手术已成为奶牛的常见手术，虽然现在真胃变位手术操作比较成熟，但真胃变位手术成功与否并不完全在手术本身。现就影响奶牛真胃变位手术成功的因素总结如下： 相似文献
3.
4.
5.
奶牛真胃移位可分为左方变位，右方变位和后方变位三种。其中左方变位是最为常见的。左方变位就是真胃通过瘤胃下方移行到左侧腹腔，嵌留在瘤胃与左侧腹壁之间。此病多由精粗饲料比例不合理引起真胃驰缓或体位骤然变化所致。笔者曾治疗真胃移位奶牛52例，其中用保守疗法治疗5例，治愈2例，治愈率40％；用手术整复疗法治疗47例，治愈47例，治愈率100％。最近，在本公司的河北大曹庄服务点，笔者为当地奶农一头真胃移位的奶牛成功施行了手术，术后结合抗感染治疗和精心护理，拆线后奶牛精神食欲正常，产奶量逐渐增加，受到当地奶农的称赞。下面结合工作中的体会，介绍真胃移位手术整复疗法的具体操作方法，以供同行参考。 相似文献
6.
7.
8.
吴琴 《养殖与饲料．饲料世界》2010,(9):30-31
奶牛真胃变位是指真胃的解剖位置发生变化,引起消化机能障碍,导致营养不良的一种内科疾病.以前奶牛真胃变位在兽医临床上比较少见,但最近几年发病率较高.笔者自2007～2009年在临床实践中共参与9例奶牛真胃变位的诊治工作,治愈率为90%.现将奶牛真胃变位的诊方法阐述如下： 相似文献
9.
10.
<正>奶牛真胃变位发病高峰是产后30天内;肥胖高产牛多发;冬季发病率高。真胃的正常位置是在瘤胃和网胃的右侧腹底,正中线偏右。奶牛真胃变位病的治疗主要以手术为主。笔者所在牛场做了6例真胃左方变位手术,成功4例,治愈率达到66%,收到了较满意的效果。1发病原因1.1牛场饲喂的谷物饲料包括玉米和玉米青贮,因此从瘤胃进入真胃的流动量增多,引起挥发性脂肪酸浓度增高,抑制真胃的运动,真胃产生了大量的气体。由于真胃内含有大量的气体,胃大弯向上扩张,真胃就容易向上移到瘤胃前囊和网胃之间,最 相似文献
11.
12.
魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
13.
14.
本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
15.
REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
16.
17.
18.
Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
19.
乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制. 相似文献
20.
Billinghurst RC Brama PA van Weeren PR Knowlton MS McIlwraith CW 《American journal of veterinary research》2004,65(2):143-150
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether serum concentrations of biomarkers of skeletal metabolism can, in conjunction with radiographic evaluation, indicate severity of osteochondrosis in developing horses. ANIMALS: 43 Dutch Warmblood foals with varying severity of osteochondrosis. PROCEDURE: 24 foals were monitored for 5 months and 19 foals were monitored for 11 months. Monthly radiographs of femoropatellar-femorotibial and tibio-tarsal joints were graded for osteochondral abnormalities. Serial blood samples were assayed for 8 cartilage and bone biomarkers. At the end of the monitoring period, foals were examined for macroscopic osteochondrosis lesions. RESULTS: Temporal relationships were evident between certain serum biomarkers and osteochondrosis severity in foals during their first year. Biomarkers of collagen degradation (collagenase-generated neoepitopes of type-II collagen fragments, type-I and -II collagen fragments [COL2-3/4C(short)], and cross-linked telopeptide fragments of type-I collagen) and bone mineralization (osteocalcin) were positive indicators of osteochondrosis severity at 5 months of age. In foals with lesions at 11 months of age, osteochondrosis severity correlated negatively with COL2-3/4C(short) and osteocalcin and positively with C-propeptide of type-II procollagen (CPII), a collagen synthesis marker. Radiographic grading of osteochondrosis lesions significantly correlated with macroscopic osteochondrosis severity score at both ages and was strongest when combined with osteocalcin at 5 months and CPII at 11 months. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The ability of serum biomarkers to indicate osteochondrosis severity appears to depend on stage of disease and is strengthened with radiography. In older foals with more permanent lesions, osteochondrosis severity is significantly related to biomarker concentrations of decreased bone formation and increased cartilage synthesis. 相似文献