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万麻 《青海畜牧兽医杂志》2006,36(6):10-10
旋毛虫病是由旋毛虫形线虫（Trichinella Spiraliz）引起的人畜共患传染病，人的感染主要是摄食了生的或未煮熟的含旋毛虫虫囊的猪肉而引起。该病可致人死亡，所以在肉品卫生检疫检验中有着重要的意义，笔者于2005年4～6月对在同仁县隆务镇市场销售的部分猪肉进行了调查。现报道如下。 相似文献
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据我们对黄南州四县,11个点,326只羊的调查,棘球蚴病对绵羊的平均感染率为38％。有的地区,如泽库县巴滩地区,绵羊的最高感染率竟达94.23％。从80年9月份起,我们对泽库县巴滩地区的牧狗;黄南州和同仁县机关所在地的隆务镇居民养的哈巴狗; 相似文献
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为定量估计我国2000年以来猪旋毛虫感染情况,检索中英文数据库,筛选整理猪旋毛虫流行情况相关文献,并提取数据进行定量分析。共入选28篇文献,涉及全国9个省份。结果显示：采用ELISA法共检测124 088份样品,阳性率为2.54%（95%CI：1.55%~3.57%）;压片镜检法共检测130 267份样品,阳性率为0.17%（95%CI：0.06%~0.34%）。2000年以来猪旋毛虫检出率逐渐降低,华南和西北地区检出率较高,农村饲养生猪检出率略高于商品场,农贸市场猪肉样品中也有检出。结果表明,我国猪群旋毛虫感染率较低,且呈下降趋势,但分布范围仍较广,有感染猪肉进入流通环节的风险,提示该病原对公众尤其是农村地区群众的健康仍造成威胁。建议对现有检测方法进行评价,同时加强对农村地区生猪屠宰的检疫和监管。 相似文献
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目的为调查研究20世纪90年代以来南阳地区旋毛虫发病现状,感染率,流行动态,流行病学特点。方法自2003年1月-2005年12月,应用河南省农科院生物技术研究所研制开发的具有特异、敏感、快速、简单、易存、实惠等优点的旋毛虫快速诊断试纸条,对南阳地区4个平原县(市、区)(宛城区、卧龙区、新野县、邓州市)和1个山区县内乡3 788头猪进行血清学检测和屠宰猪肌肉镜检,对南阳市郊区狗、猫、鼠和食肉昆虫四种动物共计132只分别进行血清学检测和肌肉目测镜检,将旋毛虫阳性的狗、猫、鼠和食肉昆虫分别人工喂猪做感染试验,并进行猪肉泔水、狗肉泔水、牛、羊肉泔水饲喂试验检测泔水中旋毛虫感染程度。结果南阳地区猪旋毛虫血清学阳性率为2.93%,目测镜检的阳性率为2%;狗血清学阳性率为12.5%,镜检阳性率12.5%;猫血清学阳性率50%,镜检阳性率为33.33%;鼠血清学阳性率为10.3%,镜检阳性率为5.88%;食肉昆虫血清学阳性率为4.76%。感染试验中,猪受到感染的情况分别为33.3%、66.7%、100%和0。测定草食兽未发现有旋毛虫感染。泔水试验结果:狗肉泔水感染率为10%,猪肉泔水感染率为50%,牛、羊肉泔水未发生感染。结论市区比县发病率低,猪肉与狗肉泔水喂猪是当地猪感染旋毛虫的主要来源,南阳地区的保虫宿主主要是猪,山区猪旋毛虫超过平原地区,应用旋毛虫快速诊断试纸条检测旋毛虫比传统的目测镜检检测高出近1个百分点。 相似文献
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旋毛虫病是由毛首目、毛形科的旋毛虫(Trichinella Spiralis)引起的人畜共患病。家畜中以猪的感染率最高。人患旋毛虫病主要是食入生的或未煮熟的旋毛虫病猪肉而感染。使生猪肉不具有旋毛虫传染性的一种有前途的方法就是γ辐照,美国已无条件批准γ辐照鲜猪肉,以控制旋毛虫病。~60Coγ射线辐照对旋毛虫影响的研究,其主要目 相似文献
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随着人民生活水平的提高，人们对肉品卫生安全和身体健康甚为关注。猪的旋毛虫病是一种人畜共患寄生虫病，严重危害人畜健康。旋毛虫病的宿主是猪和犬，旋毛虫猪肉是人旋毛虫的重要传染来源。旋毛虫猪肉快速检验是防止旋毛虫病既经济又可靠的办法，现介绍几种检验方法，供参考。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制. 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献