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水库网箱投饵养殖匙吻鲟试验 总被引：9，自引：1，他引：8
在面积 2 15hm2 水库中设置面积为 2 0m2 投饵网箱 ,放养体长 2 4～ 2 5cm匙吻鲟 30 0尾 ,经过 7个月的饲养 ,成活率 96 % ,体重平均 1 89kg/尾 ,收获匙吻鲟 5 4 5 2 5kg ,单产 2 7 2 6kg/m2 ,产值为4 90 71 6元 ,获利 2 930 8 4元 ,平均 14 6 5 4元 /m2 ,饵料系数为 1 6 ,饵料成本占生产成本的 2 1 5 % ;投入产出比 1∶2 5。 相似文献
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水库不投饵网箱养殖匙吻鲟生产性试验 总被引：9，自引：1，他引：9
2002年6月在隔河岩水库进行不投饵网箱养殖匙吻鲟生产性试验，结果表明：面积为360m^2的不投饵网箱，放养10cm左右的匙吻鲟鱼种l500尾，经1年养殖平均达到576．4g，成活率达90．5％，产匙吻鲟782．75kg，单产达2．17kg/m^2，产值共计75144元，折合亩产值139156元，生产性试验开支共计27820元，创利润47324元，单位网箱利润131．5元／m^2，每养殖l尾匙吻鲟创利润34．85元，折合亩利润8397l元。投入产出比1：2．70。水库不投饵网箱养匙吻鲟已显示出良好的经济效益、生态效益和社会效益，具有广阔的推广应用前景。 相似文献
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匙吻鲟是世界性名贵鱼类,原产美国,以其营养丰富、肉味鲜美以及诸多的食疗功效闻名全球．素有黑金块之称．有重要的科研和经济价值。匙吻鲟是的一种大型淡水经济鱼类,2007年行唐县口头水库放流7000尾匙吻鲟苗种。经过一年的放养,2008年底开始围网捕捞作业．渔船随机捕捞到8尾匙吻鲟。其中最大体重2．5kg．体长60cm。最小体重1．5kg．体长28cm,平均每尾2妇。 相似文献
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匙吻鲟 ,属鲟形目 ,匙吻鲟科 ,是美国特有的大型经济鱼类。其形状奇特 ,可作为名贵的观赏鱼。成鱼的卵和肉皆为席上珍品 ,尤其是用匙吻鲟卵加工的鱼籽酱 ,味道鲜美 ,营养丰富 ,价格昂贵 ,在国际市场上供不应求 ,每公斤 5 0 0美元以上。在我国长江流域放养二年半 ,体重可达 1 1 kg,四年可达 2 0 kg左右。怀卵量大 ,占鱼体重的 1 5 %～2 5 %。易人工养殖 ,摄食水体中的有机碎屑和浮游生物 ,与花、白鲢的食性相似。我国于 1 991年从美国引进匙吻鲟鱼苗 ,在湖北省试养成功。之后又多次引进匙吻鲟受精卵、鱼苗 ,但由于运输时间过长 ,中转环节太多… 相似文献
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为了掌握匙吻鲟(Polyodon spathula)仔稚鱼摄食前后的生长规律及其能量代谢情况,研究了孵化后第3、5、7、13、19、25天匙吻鲟仔稚鱼生长特征与体脂肪酸组成变化。结果表明,摄食前匙吻鲟仔鱼全长(L_1)生长方程为:L_1=0.1288t_1+0.7134(3≤t_1≤7),R~2=0.9993;摄食后匙吻鲟仔稚鱼全长(L_2)生长方程为:L_2=0.9133e~(0.0785t_2)(7t_2≤25),R~2=0.9913;2个阶段全长(L)生长方程为:L=0.8948e~(0.0796t)(3≤t≤25),R~2=0.9950。摄食前匙吻鲟仔鱼体重(W_1)生长方程为:W_1=0.0035t_1-0.0032(3≤t_1≤7),R~2=0.9932;摄食后仔稚鱼体重(W_2)生长方程为:W_2=0.0061e~(0.1893t_2)(7t_2≤25),R~2=0.9948;2个阶段体重(W)生长方程为:W=0.0049 e~(0.2004t)(3≤t≤25),R~2=0.9911。2个阶段匙吻鲟仔稚鱼体重(W)与全长(L)的幂函数关系为:W=0.007L~(2.513)。前仔鱼期,随着孵化天数的增加,匙吻鲟饱和脂肪酸(SFA)比例显著升高(P0.05);单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA)比例显著下降(P0.05);多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)比例无显著变化;其中,亚油酸(C_(18)∶2 n-6)、α-亚麻酸(C_(18)∶3 n-3)、n-6 PUFA比例显著下降(P0.05),EPA(C_(20)∶5 n-3)、DHA(C_(22)∶6 n-3)、n-3 PUFA比例显著升高(P0.05);摄食生物饵料后,随着孵化天数的增加,匙吻鲟SFA比例先升高后下降(P0.05);MUFA比例先下降后升高再下降(P0.05);PUFA比例先升高后下降再升高(P0.05);其中C_(18)∶2 n-6先升高后下降,EPA、DHA呈相反趋势(P0.05),C_(18)∶3 n-3先升高后下降再升高(P0.05)。研究表明,随着孵化时间的延长,摄食前匙吻鲟仔鱼全长和体重均呈线性增长,摄食后均呈指数增长,2个阶段匙吻鲟仔稚鱼全长和体重均呈指数增长,体重与全长呈幂函数关系;前仔鱼期,匙吻鲟仔鱼对体内不同脂肪酸利用顺序为MUFAn-6 PUFAn-3 PUFA和SFA;摄食后,生物饵料脂肪酸组成对匙吻鲟仔稚鱼脂肪酸组成的影响日益显著。 相似文献
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An analysis of the food of 274 specimens of Tilapia aurea (Steindachner), which had been collected in Lake Kinneret, showed that this species is mainly a zooplankton consumer.A study of the quantitative dynamics of the food components in the course of a year has proved that the species in question feeds more intensely in spring, this being the time when zooplankton forms are more abundant in the water of the lake. Vegetable detritus, mixed with plankton and benthos forms, served as additional and alternative food.The lack of clearly positive degree of food component selectivity, as well as the low values of the intestine repletion index and of the condition coefficient, account for the slowness in growth of Tilapia aurea in Lake Kinneret.The low values of the growth and feeding indices are due, according to the authors, to the pressure brought to bear by the other local fish species, which are competitors for the same food. 相似文献
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Pepietta Spataru 《Aquaculture (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》1978,14(4):327-338
Analysis of the gut content of 329 specimens of T. zillii (Cichlidae) collected from Lake Kinneret, has shown great variation in the sorts of food.A study of seasonal dynamics has proved the prevalence in the food of Chironomida pupae (Diptera) in winter and spring and of zooplankton forms in summer and autumn. The additional food consisted of the various groups of algae, the most frequently found being Cyanophyta (100%) and Pyrrophyta (64.16%). An extremely voraceous species, it consumes — while searching for its preferred food — anything that comes its way in the water: algae, scraps of macrophytes, autochthonous and allochthonous insects, and forms of benthic origin, such as Nematoda, Ostracoda, Porifera and Chironomida (larvae).The satiation index is high (between 4.08 and 5.63), in contradiction to the low values of the coefficient of condition (between 3.05 and 3.51), and with the slow rate of growth in Lake Kinneret. The main food of Tilapia zillii, consists of arthropod species with a chitin content (which is eliminated unchanged) of more than 50% of the total weight, and this may account for the poor exploitation of the trophic base.This species of fish may be considered as being detrimental to others (i.e. commercially important species) because of its successful competition for food, and not, as is often incorrectly assumed, because it is an aggressive consumer of their spawn and fry. 相似文献
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不同品系尼罗罗非鱼致死低温的研究 总被引：25，自引：1，他引：25
在室内自然降温条件下，研究了三个品系尼罗罗非鱼（吉富品系，“７８”品系，“８８”品系）对低温的耐受力，计算得出每个品系的半致死低温，并对降温过程中尼罗罗非鱼行为活动的变化进行了观察。试验结果表明，在上海地区，当温度降低到１１℃时，罗非鱼开始死亡，到７．４℃时，全部死亡。吉富罗非鱼死亡温度范围是１１℃￣８．４℃，“７８”品系是９．８￣７．４℃，“８８”品系是１１℃￣７．４℃。对三个品系半致死低温的研 相似文献
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Irena Pípalová 《Aquaculture International》2003,11(4):325-336
The aims of this experiment were (1) toquantify the ability of grass carp to processduckweed and (2) to assess indirect changes inwater chemistry and phytoplankton community,caused by grass carp feeding. Yearling grass carp sized 126 ± 7.7 mm (TL) and19.6 g in weight were kept in 9 laminate tanksof 1 m3 for 14 days. Two stockingdensities (2 and 6 fish per m3) anda control without fish were used. Standard growthrate (SGR) of grass carp fed exclusively onduckweed was 0.70% body weight (BW) d–1and food conversion ratio (FCR) reached 2.0(average water temperature =21.1 ± 3.8 °C). Daily food intakewas 0.2 g of duckweed dry weight (DW), i.e.,1% of average BW of grass carp. SGR ofduckweed growing in 20 × 20 cm floatingenclosures, differed significantly[F(6,2) = 417.9; p = 0.002] between the twostocking densities of grass carp and thecontrol tanks (without fish). Mean SGR ofduckweed was 0.02 g g–1 day–1 and thehighest SGR was recorded in the control tanks.Both decrease in NH4-N and increase inNO2-N concentrations differedsignificantly between the treatments[F(2,2) = 45.3; p = 0.02 and F(2,2) = 19.2; p = 0.04 respectively]. Changes in other nitrogenand phosphorus components (NO3-N, TN, TPand PO4-P) caused by stocking of grasscarp were not significant. Biomass ofphytoplankton, dominated by filamentous algaeand blue-greens, increased proportionately tostocking density of grass carp. Althoughduckweed has a large potential for nutrientremoval, the most common pathway for thenutrients released through grass carp grazingif duckweed cover is loose is theirincorporation into phytoplankton biomass. 相似文献
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Moshe Gophen 《Aquaculture (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》1979,16(1):67-71
Daphnia lumholtzi (Sars) was found in Lake Kinneret until the late nineteen-fifties. Lake Kinneret was the northern-most limit of the distribution of this species. It is suggested that fingerlings of grey mullets and Sarotherodon aureus that were introduced into Lake Kinneret caused the extinction of D. lumholtzi. 相似文献
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褐牙鲆(♀)×犬齿牙鲆(♂)杂交F1及其亲本肌肉营养成分分析与比较 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
褐牙鲆(Paralichthys olivaceus)为东亚地区重要的海水养殖鱼类,在中国、日本和韩国海水养殖业中占有重要的地位.目前,褐牙鲆经过连续多代缺乏选择的人工繁育和养殖,造成养殖群体种质发生退化,生长速度和抗逆性下降,极大制约了牙鲆养殖业发展.以选育生长迅速、抗逆性强、饵料转化率高的牙鲆类养殖新品种为目的,作者对褐牙鲆(♀)×犬齿牙鲆(Paralichthys dentatus)(♂)的杂交育种进行了研究.本实验对褐牙鲆(♀)×犬齿牙鲆(♂)杂交F1及其亲本肌肉营养成分进行测定.结果显示,杂交F1含水率显著低于双亲(P＜0.05),粗蛋白含量显著高于双亲(P＜0.05),粗脂肪含量介于二者之间;杂交F1的氨基酸总量、必需氨基酸、非必需氨基酸、半必需氨基酸与鲜味氨基酸总量都显著高于褐牙鲆与犬齿牙鲆(P＜0.05);脂肪酸含量方面,脂肪酸总量、不饱和脂肪酸总量3种鱼由高到低排列顺序为褐牙鲆、犬齿牙鲆、杂交F1,三者饱和脂肪酸总量差异不显著(P＜0.05).对3种鱼肌肉的营养品质进行了评价,杂交F1的必需氨基酸指数EAAI(90.30)明显高于褐牙鲆(77.75)与犬齿牙鲆(79.34),在蛋白质品质上表现出一定杂种优势.上述结果表明,杂交F1的肌肉具有蛋白和氨基酸含量较高、脂肪酸含量较低的特点. 相似文献
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叶尔羌高原鳅胚胎发育与胚后发育观察 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用形态学和生态学方法,对叶尔羌高原鳅[Triplophysa(Hedinichthys)yarkandensis(Day)]胚胎发育和胚后发育阶段全过程进行观察、拍照并测量。结果显示:叶尔羌高原鳅,卵微黏性,略有沉性,受精卵呈卵圆形,卵径为(0.60±0.052)mm,在水温(20.0±1.0)℃下,历时65 h 34 min完成整个胚胎发育分为7个生理阶段过程;胚后发育主要根据卵黄囊、体色、鼓鳔和须的变化分为仔鱼期、稚鱼期、幼鱼期。初孵卵黄囊仔鱼全长(2.0±0.65)mm,出膜后7 d,卵黄囊吸收完毕,完全消失;初孵仔鱼继续培育至16日龄,仔鱼鳃盖后缘鼓鳔明显长出,须清晰可辨,体色加深,心脏红色素明显,体色与成体相似,标志后期仔鱼发育完全进入稚鱼期,此时鱼苗全长(8.0±0.45)mm;培育至30日龄,仔鱼鼓鳔完全,鳃盖张合明显,身体透明特征消失,稚鱼阶段完成发育进入幼鱼期,此时全长达(13.0±0.55)mm,其外部形态和生态习性均与成鱼相似。试验中,卵黄囊长度(LY)和出膜天数(D)的关系式:LY=0.0286D2–0.0636D+3.1196(R2=0.9050);用直线方程拟合卵黄囊长度(LY)和卵黄囊仔鱼全长(LT)的关系式:LY=–1.315LT+5.368(R2=0.8199);拟合卵黄囊仔鱼全长(LT)和出膜后仔稚鱼天数(D)的关系式:LT=–0.0263D2+0.5113D+1.6169(R2=0.9890)。本研究旨在通过了解叶尔羌高原鳅的早期发育特征为该物种的保护和增殖对策提供科学依据,并对其苗种生产提供理论指导。 相似文献
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Transmission of white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) from Dendronereis spp. (Peters) (Nereididae) to penaeid shrimp 
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下载免费PDF全文 Dendronereis spp. (Peters) (Nereididae) is a common polychaete in shrimp ponds built on intertidal land and is natural food for shrimp in traditionally managed ponds in Indonesia. White spot syndrome virus (WSSV), an important viral pathogen of the shrimp, can replicate in this polychaete (Desrina et al. 2013); therefore, it is a potential propagative vector for virus transmission. The major aim of this study was to determine whether WSSV can be transmitted from naturally infected Dendronereis spp. to specific pathogen‐free (SPF) Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone) through feeding. WSSV was detected in naturally infected Dendronereis spp. and Penaeus monodon Fabricius from a traditional shrimp pond, and the positive animals were used in the current experiment. WSSV‐infected Dendronereis spp. and P. monodon in a pond had a point prevalence of 90% and 80%, respectively, as measured by PCR. WSSV was detected in the head, gills, blood and mid‐body of Dendronereis spp. WSSV from naturally infected Dendronereis spp was transmitted to SPF L. vannamei and subsequently from this shrimp to new naïve‐SPF L. vannamei to cause transient infection. Our findings support the contention that Dendronereis spp, upon feeding, can be a source of WSSV infection of shrimp in ponds. 相似文献
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In this study, the embryonic development of the eggs in the Mastacembelus mastacembelus (Bank & Solender, 1794) was examined. At the same time, possibilities of artificial breeding through artificial insemination were investigated. Artificial insemination was achieved by mixing the eggs of the mature female and sperm of the mature male samples caught with gill nets (22 × 22) in Ataturk Dam Lake in Turkey. To this end, first in a Petri dish (100 × 20), the testes were cut into small pieces with a lancet and the mixture of sperm–testes‐tissue was obtained. The fertilization rate of the eggs was found to be 80%. The diameter of the eggs ranged from 2.015to 1.147 mm. The perivitelline space formed 0.5 h after insemination. The first cleavage occurred at the animal pool 4 h after insemination. The oil droplets had fused to a single droplet 19 h after insemination. The blastoderm became an embryonic shield 30 h after insemination. The blastoderm covered almost half the egg 40 h after insemination and embryonic body was formed. The blastoderm covered almost the whole egg 50 h after insemination. Some somites were discernible 59 h after insemination. The embryonic body reached two‐third of the circumference of the egg 70 h after insemination. The tail bud began to separate from the yolk 77 h after insemination. A newly hatched larva was observed at 85 h after insemination. 相似文献