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根据全国450个集贸市场调查统计，2004年5月份畜产品价格比较平稳，与上月比有小幅增长，与2003年同期比增幅较大。猪粮比价连续10个月保持在1：5．5以上，5月份为1：5．95，比2003年同期提高0．88个百分点。 相似文献
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根据450个集贸市场调查统计，9月份畜产品价格继续保持增长，仔猪价格涨幅最大，已经超过了猪肉价格。猪粮比价连续14个月保持在1：5．5以上，为1：6．71，比2003年同期提高0．98个百分点。 相似文献
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根据450个集贸市场调查统计，2004年1月份畜产品价格与2003年1月份比有小幅上升，与2003年同期比增幅较大。虽然活猪、玉米同比增长都超过10％，但由于幅度接近，猪粮比价仍保持在1：5．97，比2003年同期提高0．26个百分点，连续6个月保持在1：5．5以上。 相似文献
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根据450个集贸市场调查统计．2004年4月份畜产品价格比上月和2003年同期都有增长，尤其是生猪产品仍处上升通道，与2003年同期比增幅较大。猪粮比价连续9个月保持在1：5．5以上，为1：5．93，比去年同期提高0．68个百分点。 相似文献
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根据450个集贸市场调查统计，2003年11月畜产品和玉米价格继续保持较快增长速度。由于玉米增幅大于活猪，猪粮比价稍有回落，为1：5．98，比10月低0．05％，比2002年同期提高0．2％，已连续4个月保持在1：5．5以上。 相似文献
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根据450个集贸市场调查统计，1月畜产品价格与2003年12月比有小幅上升，与去年同期比增幅较大。虽然活猪、玉米同比增长都超过10％，但由于幅度接近，猪粮比价仍保持在1：5．97，比去年同期提高0．26个百分点，连续6个月保持在1：5．5以上。 相似文献
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据全国畜牧兽医总站根据450个集贸市场调查统计分析，9月畜产品价格继续保持增长，仔猪价格涨幅最大，已经超过了猪肉价格。猪粮比价连续14个月保持在1：5．5以上，为1：6．71，比去年同期提高0．98个百分点。 相似文献
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根据450个集贸市场调查统计，2003年11月份畜产品和玉米价格继续保持较快增长速度。由于玉米增幅大于活猪，猪粮比价稍有回落为1：5．98，比10月份低0．05个百分点，比去年同期提高0．2个百分点，已连续4个月保持在1：5．5以上。 相似文献
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《养殖与饲料．饲料世界》2004,(3):54-54
2003年第三季度末我国牛存栏和出栏分别为1．38亿头和3402．02万头。比2002年同期增加3．93％和5．12％。第三季度末羊存栏和出栏分别为3．56亿只和1．83亿只。比2002年同期增长5．84％和7．57％。在生产效益方面。由于我国肉类结构中牛羊肉比例偏少，牛羊肉市场长期看好，价格较高，即使是在1998年卖猪难。猪肉价格极低的情况下。牛羊肉价格也没有受到太大的影响。2003年肉牛短期育肥每头平均获利350～500元不等。18个月直线育肥的散养户每头净收益在1900元左右。全年牛肉产量约计620万吨，羊肉340万吨，比上年分别增长6．1％、7．4％。 相似文献
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据全国畜牧兽医总站对450个集贸市场调查统计．2004年6月份畜产品价格继续保持增长势头,生猪产品在高位呈较快增势。猪粮比价连续11个月保持在1：5．5以上,为1：6．13,比去年同期提高1个百分点。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制. 相似文献
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Billinghurst RC Brama PA van Weeren PR Knowlton MS McIlwraith CW 《American journal of veterinary research》2004,65(2):143-150
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether serum concentrations of biomarkers of skeletal metabolism can, in conjunction with radiographic evaluation, indicate severity of osteochondrosis in developing horses. ANIMALS: 43 Dutch Warmblood foals with varying severity of osteochondrosis. PROCEDURE: 24 foals were monitored for 5 months and 19 foals were monitored for 11 months. Monthly radiographs of femoropatellar-femorotibial and tibio-tarsal joints were graded for osteochondral abnormalities. Serial blood samples were assayed for 8 cartilage and bone biomarkers. At the end of the monitoring period, foals were examined for macroscopic osteochondrosis lesions. RESULTS: Temporal relationships were evident between certain serum biomarkers and osteochondrosis severity in foals during their first year. Biomarkers of collagen degradation (collagenase-generated neoepitopes of type-II collagen fragments, type-I and -II collagen fragments [COL2-3/4C(short)], and cross-linked telopeptide fragments of type-I collagen) and bone mineralization (osteocalcin) were positive indicators of osteochondrosis severity at 5 months of age. In foals with lesions at 11 months of age, osteochondrosis severity correlated negatively with COL2-3/4C(short) and osteocalcin and positively with C-propeptide of type-II procollagen (CPII), a collagen synthesis marker. Radiographic grading of osteochondrosis lesions significantly correlated with macroscopic osteochondrosis severity score at both ages and was strongest when combined with osteocalcin at 5 months and CPII at 11 months. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The ability of serum biomarkers to indicate osteochondrosis severity appears to depend on stage of disease and is strengthened with radiography. In older foals with more permanent lesions, osteochondrosis severity is significantly related to biomarker concentrations of decreased bone formation and increased cartilage synthesis. 相似文献