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《中国奶牛》2016,(7)
为了寻找优质的发酵乳制品生产菌种,同时分析云南省迪庆藏族自治州传统发酵乳制品中乳酸菌的多样性分布状况,从云南迪庆藏族自治州传统乳制品制作和食用较多的牧区采集传统发酵乳制品29份,通过选择性分离,采用16S rRNA基因序列测定的方法对分离到的乳酸菌种进行鉴定及同源分析。对分离到的乳酸菌进行产酸性能测定、传代稳定性检测、菌株生长活力检测。结果共得到148株乳酸菌,其中各属型的数量为乳杆菌属53株、肠球菌属48株、明串球菌属37株、乳酸乳球菌属8株、片球菌属2株。这些乳酸菌属型中,乳杆菌是优势菌群(35.8%),其次依次是明串球菌(35%),肠球菌(32.4%),乳酸乳球菌(5.4%),片球菌属(1.4%)。在所有的菌种中,植物乳杆菌是优势菌,占全菌的26.4%。以产酸能力、传代稳定性、生长活力为指标,从分离到的菌株中获得发酵性能较好的乳酸菌9株。本研究初步阐明了云南迪庆藏族自治州地区传统乳制品中的乳酸菌群落的多样性分布,获得9株发酵性能较好的乳酸菌,为发酵剂的生产应用奠定了基础。 相似文献
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为探讨不同乳酸菌互作对苜蓿（Medicago sativa）青贮细菌群落结构的影响，以2种植物乳杆菌、乳酸片球菌、戊糖片球菌及凝结芽孢杆菌形成的6种乳酸菌组合按1.5 mL·kg-1的添加量制作苜蓿青贮，以等量蒸馏水替代添加剂作为对照，45 d后运用高通量测序分析细菌群落结构。结果表明，各苜蓿青贮的优势乳酸菌群均为厚壁菌门（Firmicates）的乳杆菌属（Lactobacillus）和片球菌属（Pediococcus），二者相对丰度之和为65.4%~79.0%，其中含植物乳杆菌处理高于对照和含凝结芽孢杆菌处理；与对照相比，乳酸菌组合处理提高了菌群Chao1和ACE指数但降低了Simpson和Shannon指数；6个乳酸菌组合处理中，含凝结芽孢杆菌处理组与对照相似性较高，对苜蓿青贮细菌群落影响较小；相关分析表明，苜蓿青贮菌群结构和多样性可较好地解释其营养品质的变化。综上，乳酸菌组合在一定程度上改善了苜蓿青贮的细菌群落结构，其中含植物乳杆菌的组合效果较好。 相似文献
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乳酸菌是动物肠道内重要的生理性菌群,本研究以内蒙古锡林郭勒盟牧区自然放养的牛、马、山羊和绵羊为研究对象,对其肠道中的乳酸菌进行分离和16S rRNA鉴定,并对38株罗伊氏乳杆菌进行耐酸性、模拟胃肠液转运和胆盐耐受性试验。乳酸菌分离鉴定结果显示共分离到乳酸菌纯培养物96株,包括双歧杆菌属、肠球菌属、乳杆菌属和链球菌属四个菌属,其中乳杆菌属数量最多,为所有分离株的82.29%;乳杆菌属中罗伊氏乳杆菌所占比例最大,为48.10%。益生特性筛选试验结果显示菌株IMAU10240、IMAU10230和IMAU10256具有良好的耐酸、耐胃肠液和胆盐特性,可作为潜在益生菌进行进一步的益生功能研究。 相似文献
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内蒙古发酵酸乳制品中乳酸菌的分离鉴定 《畜牧与饲料科学》2020,41(3):51-55
以采集自内蒙古锡林郭勒盟正蓝旗的2份发酵酸乳样品为研究对象,采用传统纯化培养技术、16S rDNA基因序列测定并构建系统发育树的方法,对样品中的乳酸菌进行了分离鉴定,以期解析发酵乳中乳酸菌的多样性,积累食品微生物资源。研究结果显示,共分离15株乳酸菌,被鉴定为3个属9个种,3个属分别为乳酸乳球菌属、明串珠菌属和乳杆菌属,9个种分别为乳酸乳球菌叶蝉亚种（Lactococcus lactis subsp. hordniae,3株）、乳酸乳球菌（Lactococcus lactis,1株）、乳酸乳球菌乳脂亚种（Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris,1株）、乳明串珠菌（Leuconostoc lactis,3株）、肠膜明串珠菌肠膜亚种（Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides,1株）、肠膜明串珠菌右旋葡聚糖亚种（Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. dextranicum,1株）、植物乳杆菌（Lactobacillus plantarum,1株）、副干酪乳杆菌（Lactobacillus paracasei,3株）和干酪乳杆菌（Lactobacillus casei,1株）。综上表明,该研究采集的酸乳样品中乳酸菌资源丰富,是内蒙古传统乳制品优良发酵剂的研发和产业化生产的潜在微生物资源。 相似文献
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《中国草地学报》2017,(4)
以含水量60%的紫花苜蓿为材料进行添加剂裹包青贮,分析添加剂青贮紫花苜蓿的发酵品质、营养成分等,并利用Miseq高通量测序技术分析青贮料细菌群落的组成。结果表明:与对照相比,3种乳酸菌复合添加剂和1种防腐剂添加剂紫花苜蓿裹包青贮料的发酵品质和营养品质都有所提高,其中植物乳杆菌复合制剂(A)及甲酸、甲酸铵、丙酸及苯甲酸钠防腐剂(D)添加青贮的综合效果最好。乳酸菌复合添加青贮料中乳酸菌含量较高,群落主要以乳杆菌、魏斯氏菌及片球菌为主;防腐型添加剂(D)青贮料中以乳杆菌为主,乳酸菌总量偏低,组成复杂的其他菌含量偏高,但都不是优势菌群;未添加的对照组青贮效果较差,乳酸菌总量极低。 相似文献
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野外放归大熊猫肠道菌群变化的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
对四川卧龙中国保护大熊猫研究中心的一只野外放归亚成体大熊猫肠道菌群的组成和季节变化规律进行了研究,同时与其圈养双胞胎兄弟的肠道菌群进行了比较。从放归大熊猫粪便中分离出17种肠道菌,优势菌群为肠杆菌、肠球菌和乳杆菌。与圈养大熊猫相比,放归大熊猫肠道菌群中优势菌群的种类未发生改变,但是肠球菌数量增加,肠杆菌和乳杆菌的数量减少。研究发现放归大熊猫肠道菌群中的肠杆菌和肠球菌的数量随季节变化有较大波动,乳杆菌的数量随季节变化波动不大;而圈养大熊猫三种优势菌的数量随季节变化波动都不大。 相似文献
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Devriese LA Hommez J Laevens H Pot B Vandamme P Haesebrouck F 《Veterinary microbiology》1999,70(1-2):87-94
Aesculin-hydrolyzing, catalase-negative, gram-positive cocci isolated from subclinical intramammary infections in dairy cows were identified to species level using growth characteristics and biochemical activity. The results indicated that the aesculin-hydrolyzing cocci associated with this type of infection are a very heterogenic group. S. uberis strains, including inulin- or beta-glucuronidase-negative isolates, accounted for only about one-third of the collection, and Enterococcus faecalis strains for one-fifth. Other species of some importance included (in descending order of isolation frequency) Aerococcus viridans, Streptococcus pluranimalium, Lactococcus garvieae, Streptococcus bovis and Streptococcus gallolyticus. 相似文献
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山竹岩黄芪青贮中优质乳酸菌的分离和鉴定 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
从山竹岩黄芪(Hedysarum fruticosum Pall.)青贮饲料中分离到3株乳酸菌(HF84,HF69,HF49)。经传统鉴定方法及16SrRNA序列分析,菌株HF84为蒙氏肠球菌(Enterococcus mundtii),菌株HF69为乳酸乳球菌乳酸亚种(Lactococcus lactis subsp.Lactis),菌株HF49为植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)。3株乳酸菌均为同型发酵乳酸菌,蒙氏肠球菌在pH 3.0条件下不能生长,乳酸乳球菌乳酸亚种在pH 3.0、温度5℃时及6.5%NaCl溶液中不能生长,植物乳杆菌均可在试验设定条件下生长。通过测定3株乳酸菌的生长曲线和产酸速率,菌株HF49生长速度快、产酸性能好,可作为制备乳酸菌青贮饲料添加剂的优良菌株。 相似文献
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致病性猪源肠球菌16S rDNA-RFLP研究及系统进化分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为探讨分离自河南滑县、武陟等12个地区的猪源肠球菌的亲缘关系,采用对其16SrDNA基因的RFLP分析、序列分析及系统进化树的构建等方法,对12株疑似猪源肠球菌进行了研究;结果显示,12株分离株均与肠球菌同源性最高,同源率达98.1%～100%;而与猪链球菌同源率最高达85.5%,且进化树中12株菌株均位居与猪链球菌并列的肠球菌主干分支中。HandⅢ、XbaⅠ、EcoRⅠ分别对12株球菌的16SrDNA-RFLP分析发现,它们在该片段上有限制性位点,但没有产生限制性片段长度多态性;而HinfⅠ单酶切结果出现了限制性片段长度多态性,且12株分离株可分为两大rDNA图谱类群,与实际测序分析的酶切位点相一致,且找到鉴定肠球菌的350bp的分子标记。说明所分离12株球菌均是肠球菌,且不同地理种群已出现分化。 相似文献
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为了解北京市宠物源细菌的抗菌药物耐药情况,2022年,笔者对北京市四个城区的四家宠物医院的犬、猫共计50份样本的肛拭子进行了研究。试验对样品中的大肠杆菌和肠球菌首先进行了分离培养和质谱鉴定,然后采用微量肉汤稀释法分析分离菌株的耐药表型。结果共分离出大肠杆菌25株、肠球菌25株（屎肠球菌14株、粪肠球菌11株）。大肠杆菌耐药率最高的2种抗菌药为四环素和氨苄西林,多重耐药菌占44%;肠球菌耐药情况较严重,粪肠球菌耐药率最高的抗菌药物为磺胺异噁唑,屎肠球菌耐药率最高的抗菌药物为磺胺异噁唑、头孢西丁和红霉素,二者多重耐药菌占分离株总数的100%。综上,北京地区宠物源大肠杆菌、肠球菌的耐药情况较为严峻,且多重耐药现象突出,需要加强对宠物抗菌药使用的监督与管理。 相似文献
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17 feces samples of yak which were collected in Hongyuan county were measured with Gram staining method and 16S rRNA molecular identification in this study.8 suspected Enterococcus were separate from feces samples by bacteria purification and PCR amplification with 1 500 bp specific band. 6Enterococcus faecalis and 2Enterococcus faecium were identified through 16S rRNA sequencing.The homology analysis of the strains revealed that the homology between Enterococcus faecalis and reference strains sequence were 99.7% to 100%,that of Enterococcus faecium and reference sequence were 98.2% to 99.2%,indicating that the yak Enterococcus was highly conserved in the process of genetic evolution.The drug sensitive test results showed that the isolated strains were highly resistance to aminoglycoside antibiotics.Enterococcus faecium 11-1-2 strain was not only 5 multi-resistant,but also showed resistence to vancomycin.Enterococcus faecalis strains was most 3 multi-resistant.The antibiotics resistance results revealed that the resistance of yak Enterococcus was serious and should be taken seriously. 相似文献
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试验结合革兰氏染色及16S rRNA分子鉴定,对分离自红原县的17份牦牛粪便样中的肠球菌进行鉴定。结果显示,通过细菌分离纯化及PCR扩增,从牦牛粪便样品中分离出8株疑似肠球菌,分离菌的扩增产物经凝胶电泳后均产生1 500 bp特异性条带。16S rRNA测序结果显示,8株疑似肠球菌中,6株为粪肠球菌,2株为屎肠球菌。同源性比对分析显示,粪肠球菌与参考序列同源性为99.7%~100.0%,屎肠球菌与参考序列同源性为98.2%~99.2%,说明牦牛源肠球菌在遗传进化过程中高度保守。运用K-B纸片法进行药敏试验,结果显示,分离株对氨基糖苷类抗生素耐受性较高,2株屎肠球菌中,11-1-2菌株表现为5重耐药,且该菌株耐万古霉素,粪肠球菌主要表现为3重耐药,药敏结果提示牦牛源肠球菌耐药较严重,应引起高度重视。 相似文献
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对上海地区1个规模化养猪场和1个规模化养鸡场分离鉴定的40株粪肠球菌,采用微量肉汤稀释法对12种抗菌药物进行药敏试验,采用Riboprinter®微生物基因指纹鉴定系统检测分离菌株的基因指纹图谱,分别检测分离菌株中的核糖体型和耐药性。结果表明,在40株粪肠球菌中,80%以上为多重耐药菌株,有4株猪源粪肠球菌对万古霉素耐药,其中有2株表现为对万古霉素高度耐药（MIC>64 mg/L）,且对链霉素和庆大霉素同时表现为高度耐药（MIC>2 048 mg/L）。从耐药表型和核糖体分型共同分析粪肠球菌的耐药性,发现多重耐药性严重,同一核糖体型菌株的耐药表型并非完全一致。 相似文献
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This study was to investigate the ribosome genotyping and antimicrobial resistance in Enterococcus faecalis strains isolated from 2 large-scale farms in Shanghai.40 isolates were evaluated for their sensitivity to 12 antimicrobial agents by broth microdilution,and the ribosome genotyping (ribotype) was characterized by the Riboprinter® Microbial Characterization System.The resistance rates of most antimicrobial drug were relatively high and multidrug resistant strains were detected with more than 80%.4 strains of Enterococcus faecalis isolated from pigs were resistant to vancomycin,including 2 strains of vancomycin highly resistant (MIC>64 mg/L) with the same time highly resistant to gentamicin and streptomycin (MIC>2 048 mg/L).The results showed that multidrug resistance of Enterococcus faecalis was a serious issue,and the resistant phenotypes of the same type of ribotype was not entirely consistent. 相似文献
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Ren Z Pan C Jiang L Wu C Liu Y Zhong Z Ran L Ren F Chen X Wang Y Zhu Y Huang K 《Veterinary microbiology》2011,152(3-4):368-373
In this study, lactic acid bacteria in canine feces were isolated and identified, and their oxalate-degrading capacities were evaluated. The oxalate-degrading capacities were determined for 24 of 47 (51.06%) lactic acid bacteria isolates. Of these, 8 isolates [Leuconostoc mesenteroides (RL75), Lactococcus garvieae (CD2), Lactococcus subsp. lactis (CS21), Enterococcus faecium (CL71 and CL72), and Enterococcus faecalis (CD14, CS62, and CD12)] degraded more than 5% of the oxalate present, while the others degraded less than 5% of the oxalate in vitro. Isolates that degraded more than 5% of the oxalate present were selected for further examination. The oxalate-degrading capacities of individual isolates, a mixture of Enterococcus, a mixture of Lactococcus, and a mixture of the eight isolates were evaluated in media containing different concentrations of glucose (sufficient, insufficient, or no glucose). In comparison with the control medium, all of the individual isolates and mixtures of isolates could degrade oxalate in all three groups (P<0.05). In most cases, the isolates growing in medium with 20 g/L of glucose had higher oxalate-degrading capacities than those growing in medium with 2.5 g/L of glucose or no glucose. The mixture of all isolates showed higher oxalate-degrading capacity than the individual isolates and other mixtures. The oxalate-degrading capacities of the isolates were isolate dependent. 相似文献