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动物源粪肠球菌对7种抗生素耐药表型及耐药基因检测 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
为查明动物源(牛、羊、猪、鸡)粪肠球菌分离株对7种常见抗生素的耐药情况(包括耐药表型及相关的耐药基因),采用药敏纸片法、浓度稀释法和VITEK-AMS全自动药敏法3种不同的方法,根据CLSI(2007)判定标准,检测40株分离株的耐药表型;采用聚合酶链反应(PCR)方法,检测分离株中β-内酰胺类抗生素耐药相关基因(TEM)、氨基糖苷类抗生素耐药相关基因(aac(6’)/aph2’’,aph(3’)-Ⅲ,ant(6)-I)、四环素耐药相关基因(tetM)、红霉素耐药相关基因(ermB,mefA)和万古霉素耐药相关基因(vanA,vanB,vanC)。结果表明,分离株对庆大霉素、链霉素、四环素、红霉素、青霉素、阿莫西林表型耐药率分别为:60.0%(24/40),57.5%(23/40),52.5%(21/40),67.5%(27/40),60.0%(24/40),55.0%(22/40),本试验中未发现耐万古霉素粪肠球菌。耐药基因aac(6’)/aph2’’,ant(6)-Ⅰ,aph(3’)-Ⅲ,tetM,ermB,TEM的检出率分别为:55%(22/40),55%(22/40),25.0%(10/40),42.5%(17/40),50.0%(20/40),45.0%(18/40);未检测到mefA,vanA,vanB,vanC基因的菌株。动物源性粪肠球菌多重耐药现象严重,携带抗生素相关耐药基因是导致分离株对抗生素产生耐药的主要原因,从耐药表型和基因型的角度均可证实分离株粪肠球菌具有多重耐药性。 相似文献
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猪源粪肠球菌的基因型及耐药性分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了解上海地区规模化猪场中粪肠球菌的耐药性和基因型,2013年3月-2014年5月从上海地区10个规模化养猪场收集到分离鉴定的粪肠球菌133株,采用微量肉汤稀释法对12种抗菌药物进行药敏试验,采用PCR技术分别检测分离株中β-内酰胺类抗生素耐药相关基因(TEM)、氨基糖苷类抗生素耐药相关基因[aac(6’)/aph(2")和aph(3’)-Ⅲ和ant(6)-Ⅰ]、四环素耐药相关基因(tetM)、红霉素耐药相关基因(ermB和mefA)和万古霉素耐药相关基因(vanA和vanB)。结果显示,在133株粪肠球菌中,耐药基因ermB、tetM、TEM、ant(6)-Ⅰ、aac(6’)/aph2"、aph(3’)-Ⅲ、vanA的检出率分别为:95.5%(127/133)、91.0%(121/133)、63.2%(84/133)、45.9%(61/133)、42.1%(56/133)、24.1%(32/133)、3.0%(4/133);未检出mefA和vanB基因的菌株。分离菌株对12种抗菌药物的耐药性较为严重,且以6~9耐为主要耐药株,占81.2%。试验表明,上海地区猪源粪肠球菌多重耐药现象严重,携带抗菌药物相关耐药基因是导致分离株耐药的主要原因。 相似文献
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试验结合革兰氏染色及16S rRNA分子鉴定,对分离自红原县的17份牦牛粪便样中的肠球菌进行鉴定。结果显示,通过细菌分离纯化及PCR扩增,从牦牛粪便样品中分离出8株疑似肠球菌,分离菌的扩增产物经凝胶电泳后均产生1 500 bp特异性条带。16S rRNA测序结果显示,8株疑似肠球菌中,6株为粪肠球菌,2株为屎肠球菌。同源性比对分析显示,粪肠球菌与参考序列同源性为99.7%~100.0%,屎肠球菌与参考序列同源性为98.2%~99.2%,说明牦牛源肠球菌在遗传进化过程中高度保守。运用K-B纸片法进行药敏试验,结果显示,分离株对氨基糖苷类抗生素耐受性较高,2株屎肠球菌中,11-1-2菌株表现为5重耐药,且该菌株耐万古霉素,粪肠球菌主要表现为3重耐药,药敏结果提示牦牛源肠球菌耐药较严重,应引起高度重视。 相似文献
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《中国动物传染病学报》2015,(2)
为了解湖南省猪源粪肠球菌临床分离株的耐药性及各耐药基因的分布情况,使用K-B法检测了42株猪源粪肠球菌对11种抗生素的敏感性,采用PCR方法检测了粪肠球菌中8种耐药基因的分布情况。结果显示,湖南省临床分离的42株粪肠球菌对大部分的抗生素高度耐药,对四环素、氯霉素、苯唑青霉素、红霉素、米诺霉素、左氧氟沙星、高浓度庆大霉、高浓度链霉素、环丙沙星、万古霉素、青霉素G的耐药率依次为100%、92.9%、88.1%、83.3%、81%、57.1%、52.4%、47.6%、45.2%、31%、11.9%;耐药基因的检出率为Aac(6)'/aph(2')97.6%、ant(6)'-Ⅰ90%、aph(3)'-Ⅲ76.2%、tet M 90.5%、erm B 73.8%、Van A 4.8%、Van B 54.8%、Van C 88.1%。从表型与基因型共同分析粪肠球菌的耐药性,发现粪肠球菌的多耐药性严重,其耐药表型与耐药基因并不完全一致。 相似文献
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《畜牧与兽医》2021,(10)
通过检测猪源粪肠球菌对临床常用抗菌药物的耐药表型及其酰胺醇类耐药基因的携带率,了解猪源粪肠球菌耐药性流行特点,进而为抗菌药物的合理使用提供参考。2016—2017年间在江苏部分猪场分离的230株粪肠球菌对四环素(100%)、红霉素(98.3%)和氟苯尼考(97.0%)的耐药率最高(达95%以上),其次为庆大霉素(78.7%)、链霉素(75.2%)、麻保沙星(70.9%)、利奈唑胺(54.8%)、利福平(30.4%)、氨苄西林(1.7%)和青霉素G(0.4%),未发现万古霉素耐药菌株。多重耐药分析显示大多数菌株同时对5～8种药物耐药,有1株菌同时对10种药物耐药。进一步对223株氟苯尼考耐药菌株进行了酰胺醇类相关耐药基因fexA、fexB、floR、cfr和optrA的PCR检测,其检出率由高到低分别为fexA(91.9%,205株)、floR(66.4%,148株)、optrA(21.5%,48株)、fexB(1.8%,4株)和cfr(1.4%,3株),且大部分菌株同时携带多种耐药基因。结果表明:猪源粪肠球菌对抗菌药物的耐药情况严重,尤其对兽医专用抗菌药物氟苯尼考产生较高的耐药性值得重视,临床兽医应结合具体药敏结果合理使用抗菌药物,并加强对肠球菌耐药性的监测。 相似文献
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旨在调查和分析广东省养禽场肠球菌的亚型屎肠球菌和粪肠球菌耐药性及其毒力因子流行分布特征,为控制禽源肠球菌耐药性传播、保障公共卫生安全提供理论依据。作者于2018年从广东省4个养禽场采集肠道样品493份,进行屎肠球菌和粪肠球菌的分离鉴定;采用琼脂二倍稀释法测定肠球菌的最小抑菌浓度（MIC）;PCR方法检测肠球菌的耐药基因和毒力基因。结果显示：1）共分离到125株肠球菌,其中粪肠球菌84株（鸡源66株,鸭源18株）;屎肠球菌41株,均来自鸡肠道样本。2）菌株对四环素、多西环素、红霉素几乎全部耐药,对氟苯尼考和氯霉素的耐药率高达89.60%和74.40%。屎肠球菌耐药率普遍高于粪肠球菌,而粪肠球菌对环丙沙星和利奈唑胺的耐药率高于屎肠球菌;鸭源粪肠球菌对利奈唑胺的耐药率（94%）显著高于鸡源粪肠球菌（39.4%）,屎肠球菌对利奈唑胺均敏感。从鸡分离的1株粪肠球菌对万古霉素耐药。3）耐药基因在屎肠球菌中的检出率高于粪肠球菌,鸭源分离株检出率高于鸡源。耐药基因tetL、fexA、ermB最为流行,检出率均高于90%。其次是optrA基因,检出率为73.60%,poxtA和fexB的检出率均低于20%。在3株鸭源粪肠球菌中检测出cfr基因。4）已检测的毒力基因中efaA的携带率最高,为63.04%（58/92）,其他依次为gelE（54.35%,50/92）、ace（47.83%,44/92）、asa1（44.57%,41/92）。对环丙沙星及高浓度氨基糖苷类耐药的菌株及携带cfr基因的菌株,大多携带agg、asal、gelE或ace。本研究显示养殖场禽源肠球菌耐药严重,鸭源肠球菌对利奈唑胺耐药率高,耐药基因和毒力基因流行且多样,且检测出人医临床重要抗生素耐药基因,应加强对养禽场肠球菌耐药性监测。 相似文献
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This study was to investigate the ribosome genotyping and antimicrobial resistance in Enterococcus faecalis strains isolated from 2 large-scale farms in Shanghai.40 isolates were evaluated for their sensitivity to 12 antimicrobial agents by broth microdilution,and the ribosome genotyping (ribotype) was characterized by the Riboprinter® Microbial Characterization System.The resistance rates of most antimicrobial drug were relatively high and multidrug resistant strains were detected with more than 80%.4 strains of Enterococcus faecalis isolated from pigs were resistant to vancomycin,including 2 strains of vancomycin highly resistant (MIC>64 mg/L) with the same time highly resistant to gentamicin and streptomycin (MIC>2 048 mg/L).The results showed that multidrug resistance of Enterococcus faecalis was a serious issue,and the resistant phenotypes of the same type of ribotype was not entirely consistent. 相似文献
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为了解北京市宠物源细菌的抗菌药物耐药情况,2022年,笔者对北京市四个城区的四家宠物医院的犬、猫共计50份样本的肛拭子进行了研究。试验对样品中的大肠杆菌和肠球菌首先进行了分离培养和质谱鉴定,然后采用微量肉汤稀释法分析分离菌株的耐药表型。结果共分离出大肠杆菌25株、肠球菌25株（屎肠球菌14株、粪肠球菌11株）。大肠杆菌耐药率最高的2种抗菌药为四环素和氨苄西林,多重耐药菌占44%;肠球菌耐药情况较严重,粪肠球菌耐药率最高的抗菌药物为磺胺异噁唑,屎肠球菌耐药率最高的抗菌药物为磺胺异噁唑、头孢西丁和红霉素,二者多重耐药菌占分离株总数的100%。综上,北京地区宠物源大肠杆菌、肠球菌的耐药情况较为严峻,且多重耐药现象突出,需要加强对宠物抗菌药使用的监督与管理。 相似文献
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17 feces samples of yak which were collected in Hongyuan county were measured with Gram staining method and 16S rRNA molecular identification in this study.8 suspected Enterococcus were separate from feces samples by bacteria purification and PCR amplification with 1 500 bp specific band. 6Enterococcus faecalis and 2Enterococcus faecium were identified through 16S rRNA sequencing.The homology analysis of the strains revealed that the homology between Enterococcus faecalis and reference strains sequence were 99.7% to 100%,that of Enterococcus faecium and reference sequence were 98.2% to 99.2%,indicating that the yak Enterococcus was highly conserved in the process of genetic evolution.The drug sensitive test results showed that the isolated strains were highly resistance to aminoglycoside antibiotics.Enterococcus faecium 11-1-2 strain was not only 5 multi-resistant,but also showed resistence to vancomycin.Enterococcus faecalis strains was most 3 multi-resistant.The antibiotics resistance results revealed that the resistance of yak Enterococcus was serious and should be taken seriously. 相似文献
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为了解上海地区动物源粪肠球菌、屎肠球菌对常见抗菌药物的耐药及其最小抑菌浓度(minimal inhibitory concentration,MIC)变迁情况,采用微量肉汤稀释法对近五年采集的粪肠球菌、屎肠球菌进行10种常见抗菌药物敏感性测试。结果表明,458株粪肠球菌及283株屎肠球菌对头孢西丁、头孢噻呋及氧氟沙星耐药率较高(均高于60%),对青霉素、阿莫西林/克拉维酸及万古霉素的耐药率较低(均低于11%),粪肠球菌耐药率整体高于屎肠球菌,两者对氧氟沙星、头孢噻呋、氟苯尼考、庆大霉素、利奈唑胺、恩诺沙星的耐药率存在较大差异（耐药率差异为15%~44%）。五年间,粪肠球菌对阿莫西林/克拉维酸、氧氟沙星的MIC50及MIC90均呈下降趋势;屎肠球菌对阿莫西林/克拉维酸、头孢西丁及氟苯尼考的MIC50及MIC90均呈下降趋势。研究表明,近年来上海地区动物源粪肠球菌、屎肠球菌的耐药情况有好转趋势,仍需继续加强肠球菌耐药性监测。 相似文献
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Antibiotic resistance in animal isolates of enterococci is of public health concern because of the risk of transfer of antibiotic resistance isolates or resistance determinants to consumers via the food chain. In this study, phenotypic and genotypic resistance in 192 pig isolates of enterococci to ampicillin, avilamycin, avoparcin, bacitracin, flavophospholipol, gentamicin, narasin, tetracycline, tiamulin, tylosin, vancomycin, virginiamycin, copper and zinc were investigated by susceptibility test and molecular methods. Resistance rates varied between the species but all isolates were susceptible to ampicillin, avilamycin, avoparcin, gentamicin and narasin but resistant to tetracycline and tylosin and intermediately resistant to copper. Only Enterococcus gallinarum and Enterococcus casseliflavus were resistant to vancomycin and virginiamycin resistance was present in less than half the Enterococcus faecium isolates. Zinc resistance was largely confined to Enterococcus faecalis but bacitracin resistance was uncommon in E. faecalis in comparison with the other species. Tiamulin resistance was common in all species except E. casseliflavus. Resistance to flavophospholipol was detected in most E. faecium isolates and in a high proportion of E. gallinarum, E. casseliflavus and E. hirae/durans but was only found in one isolate of E. faecalis. No tetO, rplC, rplD, vanA, vanB, vatA and vatD genes were found. The presence of ermB, tetL, tetM, tcrB, aac6-aph2, tetK, tetS, vanC1, vanC2, lsaA, lsaB and vatE varied between the species and largely corresponded to the susceptibility phenotype. The findings show that resistance to antibiotics of high clinical significance for nosocomial Enterococcus infections is absent, whereas antimicrobial resistance was detected for some other antibiotics including bacitracin, flavophospholipol, tetracycline, tiamulin, tylosin and virginiamycin. 相似文献
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Schlegelová J Babák V Klímová E Lukásová J Navrátilová P Sustácková A Sedivá I Rysánek D 《Journal of veterinary medicine. B, Infectious diseases and veterinary public health》2002,49(5):216-225
The prevalence of strains of Staphylococcus aureus, coagulase-negative (CN) staphylococci, Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, E. faecium and Bacillus cereus, was investigated in 111 bulk milk samples. Staphylococcus aureus was isolated from 38 samples, CN staphylococci from 63 samples, E. coli from 49 samples, E. faecalis or E. faecium from 107 samples, and L. monocytogenes from two samples. Bacillus cereus was not found in any of the samples and three samples were free of any of the selected species. Sensitivity to the anti-microbial drugs amikacin, ampicillin, ampicillin + sulbactam, cephalothin (CLT), cephotaxime, clindamycin, chloramphenicol (CMP), co-trimoxazole, erythromycin (ERY), gentamicin, neomycin, norfloxacin, oxacillin, penicillin, streptomycin (STR), tetracycline (TTC) and vancomycin was tested using the standard dilution technique. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) characteristics (MIC50, MIC90, MIC range) were determined for each microbial species. Resistance against one or more anti-microbial drugs was found in 93% of S. aureus, 40% of CN staphylococci, 73% of E. coli, 88% of E.faecalis, 55% of E.faecium, and one L. monocytogenes strain. Most of the strains, particularly enterococci, were resistant to STR, TTC, and ERY (MIC50 4 microg/ml). A high percentage of staphylococci were resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics. High resistance to CLT was found in 11 strains of E. coli (MIC 256 microg/ml) and strains resistant to CMP (MIC90 16 microg/ml) were detected. The highest numbers of resistance phenotypes were found in E. coil (16) and CN staphylococci (12). Eighteen identical resistance phenotypes were demonstrated in indicator bacteria (E. coli, E. faecalis, E. faecium) and pathogens (S. aureus, CN staphylococci) isolated from the same bulk milk sample. The obtained resistance data were matched against the herd owners' information on therapeutic use of the drugs. This confrontation could not explain the findings of strains resistant to ERY or CMP. Our findings are evidence of selection of resistant strains among not only pathogenic agents, but also among indicator bacteria which can become significant carriers of transmissible resistance genes. 相似文献
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为调查山东省禽源致病性大肠杆菌流行的血清型及耐药性,从山东部分地区的45家养禽场分离到致病性大肠杆菌96株,应用微量平板凝集试验进行了血清型鉴定,共鉴定出18种血清型,其中优势血清型6种,分别为O78、O2、O15、O18、O143、O88,占定型致病性菌株的64％。抗菌药物敏感性试验发现,96株大肠杆菌对20种药物有不同程度的耐药性。75％以上的菌株对氨苄青霉素、阿莫西林、土霉素等5种抗菌药耐药,50％以上的菌株对卡那霉素、多西环素、环丙沙星等7种抗菌药表现为耐药;所有分离株存在多重耐药现象,75％的受检菌对9种或9种以上的被测药物耐药。结果表明,O78、O2、O15、O18、O143、O886种血清型是山东省部分地区近年来禽源致病性大肠杆菌的优势血清型,且禽源致病性大肠杆菌的耐药现象严重,有必要加强耐药性检测,以指导兽医临床合理使用抗菌药物。 相似文献
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Tejedor-Junco MT Afonso-Rodríguez O Martín-Barrasa JL González-Martín M 《Research in veterinary science》2005,78(1):33-38
We have investigated the resistance of Enterococcus isolated from poultry faeces to antibiotics commonly used as therapy of enterococcal infections. Identification was made by the method of Facklam and Collins. Minimal inhibitory concentrations of penicillin, ampicillin, vancomycin and teicoplanin were determined and high level aminoglycoside resistance was investigated. Genes codifying high level aminoglycoside resistance (HLAR) were determined by PCR. Fifty five Enterococcus strains were isolated (63.6% E. faecalis, 12.7% E. mundtii, 9.1% E. faecium, 7.3% E. casseliflavus, 3.7% E. durans and 3.6% E. hirae). None of the strains were resistant to VAN, TEC, P or AM. HLAR was found in 34.5% of strains for SM, 27.3% for KM and 7.3% for GM. The gene for the bifunctional enzyme was found only in one strain, that showed HLAR to GM and KM. Fourteen strains harboured the gene aph(3')-III, being 11 resistant to KM and STR, and three resistant to GM, KM and STR. The remaining six strains showed HLAR to STR, but were negative for the three genes tested by PCR. The gene ant(4'4") was not detected in any of the strains. No unexpected vancomycin resistance was detected. The resistance rates among poultry strains were lower than those found among human strains isolated from hospital patients in recent Canary studies. 相似文献