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种植密度对郑单21玉米产量及品质的影响 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：7
2004年在河南省郑州市,以郑单21为试材,在30 000、45 000、60 000、75 000和90 000株/hm2种植密度下,研究了种植密度对郑单21玉米品种产量及子粒品质的影响。结果表明:郑单21的产量随着种植密度的增加先增后减,产量在60 000株/hm2达到最高的8 508 kg/hm2,淀粉含量同样是先增后减,在75 000株/hm2达到最高的74.78%,蛋白质含量表现为逐渐下降的趋势,油分含量表现为增-减-增的趋势,变化不大。高淀粉玉米郑单21不同种植密度产量及淀粉含量有一定差异。 相似文献
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以豫农棉31为试验材料,采取随机区组试验设计,研究不同种植密度（30 000、35 000、45 000、55 000、65 000株·hm－2）对豫农棉31主要农艺性状、产量和纤维品质的影响,以筛选适宜的种植密度。结果：随着种植密度的增大,棉花株高、单位面积结铃数、衣分呈增加趋势,茎粗和铃重呈下降趋势,单株果枝数、籽棉产量、霜前花率和纤维断裂比强度、长度整齐度指数则先上升后下降。综合考虑棉花农艺性状、产量和纤维品质,豫农棉31的适宜种植密度为45 000株·hm－2。 相似文献
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选用不同基因型玉米品种,设置3个种植密度,研究不同基因型夏玉米子粒机收质量及其对种植密度的响应。结果表明,不同处理组合机收子粒破损率为1.03%～6.26%,杂质率为0.17%～2.12%,含水率为23.9%～35.80%。除60 000株/hm~2密度下创玉107、粒收1号和先玉335外,其他处理组合的破碎率均低于5%;所有处理组合杂质率均低于3%。随种植密度从60 000株/hm~2增加到90 000株/hm~2,机收脱粒时子粒含水率、破碎率和杂质率均呈降低趋势。机收子粒腐籽率为0.58%～5.89%,除迪卡517、华皖267和粒收1号外,其他品种均超过2%;90 000株/hm~2密度下子粒腐籽率显著高于60 000株/hm~2和75 000株/hm~2。在黄淮海地区评价玉米品种的子粒机收质量时需关注腐籽率。种植密度、基因型及其交互作用均显著影响子粒机收质量,基因型的影响效应大于种植密度。 相似文献
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为了确定适合陇中干旱半干旱条件下马铃薯高产高效的种植模式,通过田间试验,以‘陇薯10号’为材料,在相同的施肥条件下,研究不同种植模式和种植密度对马铃薯生长的影响。结果表明,不同种植模式对马铃薯出苗率、SPAD(Soil and plant analyzer development,SPAD)值、冠层温度没有显著影响;在同一种植模式下,密度为5 000株/667m~2处理的叶面积指数(Leaf area index,LAI)、块茎数大于4 000株/667m~2处理,而水分利用效率、地上部和根鲜重以及盛花期、块茎膨大期和成熟期单株块茎重小于4 000株/667m~2处理;在同一密度不同种植模式的条件下,LAI、地上部和根鲜重、单株块茎重以及水分利用效率均随着垄宽的变宽和垄沟的变窄而变小;马铃薯块茎产量和商品薯率均是4 000株/667m2、50 cm垄宽和50 cm垄沟以及垄上微沟种植最高。综上所述,垄上微沟种植、4 000株/667m~2以及50 cm垄宽、50 cm垄沟是陇中干旱半干旱条件下马铃薯高产高效的最佳种植模式。 相似文献
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大面积啤酒大麦高产栽培技术 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
江苏省国营淮海农场地处苏北灌溉总渠入海口,是优质啤酒大麦生产基地,为江苏省乃至全国啤酒大麦主产地之一.常年全场种植啤酒大麦4 500 hm2左右,单产达6 000～6 750 kg/hm2;2007至2008年啤酒大麦种植面积4 400 hm2,经场农业技术人员的悉心指导和全场职工的精心管理,2008年夏收啤酒大麦总产约3 300万kg,单产近7 500 kg/hm2,其中第四管理区1 000 hm2啤酒大麦单产近8 250 kg/hm2,创造全场乃至全省历史纪录.现将全场啤酒大麦高产栽培经验总结介绍如下. 相似文献
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西瓜套种大豆是宁夏灌区的一种大豆种植新模式.为改进、示范、推广这种增产增收的新模式,国家大豆产业技术体系银川综合试验站站长罗瑞萍副研究员,带领团队成员近期深入到试验站服务区域暖泉农场,对该农场种植的2 000多亩西瓜套种大豆生产新模式进行调研和生产技术指导. 相似文献
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为了探明槟榔-咖啡间作槟榔冠层的遮荫度对咖啡叶片的光合特性及其产量的影响,在海南省琼海大陆基地设计3种不同间作模式的大田试验：（1）高密度种植（H）：咖啡、槟榔株行距均为2.5 m×3.0 m;（2）中密度种植（M）：咖啡株行距2.0 m×3.0 m、槟榔4.0 m×3.0 m;（3）低密度种植（L）：咖啡株行距2.0 m×3.0 m、槟榔株行距6.0 m×6.0 m。分别测定不同种植模式处理下土壤理化性质和咖啡植株光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率等光合指标,以及咖啡单株产量,并利用灰色关联度分析评价不同间作模式下叶片光合特性指标和产量,并对其影响因子进行探究。结果表明,在不同间作处理中除低密度种植模式下土壤温度显著低于其他种植模式外,其余指标并无显著差异;相较于M,H和L叶片的净光合速率和气孔导度分别降低了0.06~0.97 μmol/(m2·s)、0.49~0.97 μmol/(m2·s)和0~0.04 mol/(m2·s)、0.01~ 0.08 mol/(m2·s)。M叶片的蒸腾速率年变化除了夏季低于H 0.11 mmol/(m2·s)左右,高于L 0.47 mmol/(m2·s)左右。其他时期M曲线分别高出H和L 0.33~0.78 mmol/(m2·s)、0.17~0.92 mmol/(m2·s)。在水分利用率方面3种种植模式之间全年变化较为复杂,没有明显的差异性。其中咖啡叶片的气孔导度和蒸腾速率指标响应于种植模式;中密度种植处理下的咖啡单株鲜果产量相较于高、低密度种植处理分别增产19.41%和18.69%,咖啡单位面积产量方面显著增产50.62%和41.67%。通过灰色关联度分析发现,中密度种植模式表现较好,在咖啡不同生长时期等权关联度和加权关联度位次均为第一。以上结果表明,在槟榔-咖啡间作体系中,适当密植咖啡以及增加槟榔行间距有助于提高咖啡总产量,在实际生产过程中建议推行中密度间作的种植模式,可以有效地提升间作模式的综合优势,提高土地单位面积的收益。 相似文献
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江苏省盐城市亭湖区地处黄海之滨,常年种植棉花面积在20000 hm2左右,西瓜、香瓜与棉花间作面积达12 000 hm2,是该地棉田立体种植的主要模式.2010年,在全国棉花高产增效创建活动中,其高效立体种植模式深受广大棉农的欢迎.特别是在盐城市亭湖区黄尖镇、盐东镇的棉花高产创建项目区,取得了较好的经济效益.为进一步稳定棉花生产面积,服务于棉农提高收益,现将这一立体间套作模式及栽培技术介绍如下. 相似文献
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概述了海峡两岸农业交流与合作的现状,提出了应该共同呼吁尽快实现两岸“三通”,开放农业生物技术图书期刊资料交流以及开放生物学科方面网络的思路,以便为农业交流与合作的顺畅开展打好基础,并寄希望能够就糖蔗、果蔗以及甘蔗笋等方面的研究与开发到台湾学习取经,开展学术交流或与台湾同行共同开展研究,为我省甘蔗业的发展作出贡献。 相似文献
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《Journal of Cereal Science》2007,45(3):236-251
Sorghum is a good source of phenolic compounds with a variety of genetically dependent types and levels including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and condensed tannins. Most sorghums do not contain condensed tannins, but all contain phenolic acids. Pigmented sorghums contain unique anthocyanins that could be potential food colorants. Some sorghums have a prominent pigmented testa that contains condensed tannins composed of flavan-3-ols with variable length. Flavan-3-ols of up to 8–10 units have been separated and quantitatively analyzed. These tannin sorghums are excellent antioxidants, which slow hydrolysis in foods, produce naturally dark-colored products and increase the dietary fiber levels of food products. Sorghums have high concentration of 3-deoxyanthocyanins (i.e. luteolinidin and apigenidin) that give stable pigments at high pH. Pigmented and tannin sorghum varieties have high antioxidant levels that are comparable to fruits and vegetables. Finger millet has tannins in some varieties that contain a red testa. There are limited data on the phenolic compounds in millets; only phenolic acids and flavones have been identified. 相似文献
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Sorghum and millet phenols and antioxidants 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：5
Sorghum is a good source of phenolic compounds with a variety of genetically dependent types and levels including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and condensed tannins. Most sorghums do not contain condensed tannins, but all contain phenolic acids. Pigmented sorghums contain unique anthocyanins that could be potential food colorants. Some sorghums have a prominent pigmented testa that contains condensed tannins composed of flavan-3-ols with variable length. Flavan-3-ols of up to 8–10 units have been separated and quantitatively analyzed. These tannin sorghums are excellent antioxidants, which slow hydrolysis in foods, produce naturally dark-colored products and increase the dietary fiber levels of food products. Sorghums have high concentration of 3-deoxyanthocyanins (i.e. luteolinidin and apigenidin) that give stable pigments at high pH. Pigmented and tannin sorghum varieties have high antioxidant levels that are comparable to fruits and vegetables. Finger millet has tannins in some varieties that contain a red testa. There are limited data on the phenolic compounds in millets; only phenolic acids and flavones have been identified. 相似文献
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Summary Between 1993 and 1998 205 different potato cultivars and 1220 accessions/genotypes of wild and cultivated potato species from
the IPK Genebank Gatersleben were evaluated. Parameters interesting for starch isolation and especially for the use of starch
were determined. Altogether, there was a higher variability in wild potato species than in cultivated potatoes for all characteristics
investigated: dry matter content, starch content, protein content, amylose content and mean particle diameter of starch granules. 相似文献
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近年来，随着大豆播种面积的增长，受病虫危害日趋严重。特别是大豆根潜蝇（又名根明）与根腐病共同发生危害，严重影响大豆的生产。综合防治技术主要手段是三年以上轮作，适时播种及种衣剂拌种等措施。 相似文献
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In field experiments conducted over 2 years in Mediterranean conditions, five winter and five spring triticales were evaluated for forage and grain production in the same cropping season. The experiments had two treatments, namely harvesting for grain only, and dual-purpose forage and grain production. In the latter treatment, forage was cut when the first node was detectable (Zadoks' stage 31), without removing the apical meristems. Grain was harvested when ripe (Zadoks' stage 92) in both cut and uncut plots.
Environmental conditions affected grain production and protein content more than forage yield and quality. Winter triticales yielded about 43% more forage than spring types, but after forage removal the spring types yielded about 36% more grain than winter triticales.
Reductions in grain yield after clipping were more pronounced in winter (32%) than in spring (19%) types. Forage crude protein content was significantly higher in the spring types studied (24.6%) than in the winter types (23.5%), the opposite being true for fibre content (20.7 and 21.6% respectively). Grain crude protein content did not differ between grain and dual-purpose treatments, but was higher in the spring triticales (12.8%) than in the winter types (11.9%). There was more variability for the measured traits within the winter triticales studied than within the spring types. 相似文献
Environmental conditions affected grain production and protein content more than forage yield and quality. Winter triticales yielded about 43% more forage than spring types, but after forage removal the spring types yielded about 36% more grain than winter triticales.
Reductions in grain yield after clipping were more pronounced in winter (32%) than in spring (19%) types. Forage crude protein content was significantly higher in the spring types studied (24.6%) than in the winter types (23.5%), the opposite being true for fibre content (20.7 and 21.6% respectively). Grain crude protein content did not differ between grain and dual-purpose treatments, but was higher in the spring triticales (12.8%) than in the winter types (11.9%). There was more variability for the measured traits within the winter triticales studied than within the spring types. 相似文献
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种子加工、检验理论与技术现状及思考 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
种子加工及检验是种子向市场流通的关键，是商业化育种中赋予种子商品属性不可或缺的环节。种子加工、检验理论与技术的研究是完善种业产业链、实现规模化商业育种、夯实“育繁推一体化”种业科学的重要一环。中国的种业科学技术体系正在形成与完善之中，受制于行业发展水平，种子加工及检验理论与技术相对薄弱。本文回顾了种子加工及检验理论与技术研究发展历程，提出了完善中国种业科学发展的策略与建议。围绕种业发展的需要，在做好品种优质化繁育的基础上，分析种子加工及检验理论与技术的新方向和新需求，加强种业应用性研究，建立先进的种子质量检验体系，研制适合现代种业发展需求的种子加工设备，打造种子加工产业标准化生产体系，完善种业科学技术学科建设，促进种业产业持续健康发展。 相似文献
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《Journal of Crop Improvement》2013,27(1):313-324
Summary Arbuscular mycorrhizae were inoculated into phosphorus-deficient soil fertilized with either organic or chemical fertilizer with cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) as the first crop and lettuce (Lactu-ca sativa L.) as the second crop but without additional fertilization and AM inoculation. AM increased dry matter and fruit yield of cucumber significantly in the unfertilized, organic-fertilized and P-deficient plants compared with the fully chemical-fertilized plants. AM inoculation increased the available phosphorus in plant and soil by around 30% for all treatments except for those chemically-fertilized. The rate of AM infection did not differ significantly among the fertilization treatments, but the infection intensity was higher in unfertilized, organic-fertilized and phosphorus-deficient treatments than chemical-fertilized treatment. The residual effects of AM-inoculated to cucumber were evident for lettuce in all pre-treatments that were unfertilized and un-inoculated for the second cropping. Without P-fertilization, neither crop could grow optimally even when the soil was inoculated with AM, suggesting that AM could not serve as a substitute for phosphorus fertilizer. However, the other beneficial effects of AM on crop growth and yield could not be fulfilled with phosphorus fertilizer. 相似文献