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本文综合整理了近年关于台湾产蜂胶的研究成果,台湾蜂胶被归类为"太平洋蜂胶",主要可以分成3类,其中以产于5~8月的TW-I台湾绿蜂胶最具生产利用价值。台湾绿蜂胶的化学组成与其它地区产蜂胶的化学组成不同,目前已分离出10种具活性的蜂胶素(propolins),它们属于prenylflavanones类的化合物,我们命名为蜂胶素A、B、C、D、E、F、G、H、I与J。其中蜂胶素A、B、E、H、I与J是新的化合物。在生物活性方面,我们的研究显示台湾绿蜂胶具有多种生物活性功能,包括抗癌、抗氧化与抗菌活性,非常值得进一步研究与利用。 相似文献
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蜂胶富含多种生物活性物质,具有广泛的药理学活性与保健功能。其中,免疫调节活性是蜂胶发挥多种生物学功能的基础,越来越受到人们的关注。在总结国内外相关研究的基础上,对蜂胶及其两种重要单体成分-CAPE和ArtepillinC的免疫学活性进行综述;重点介绍了巴西绿蜂胶对人淋巴细胞的免疫调节作用,并提出了蜂胶在免疫调节研究中存在的问题,旨在为探明蜂胶免疫调节的作用机制以及建立蜂胶的化学标准化提供依据。 相似文献
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《畜牧兽医科技信息》2015,(6)
本文介绍了蜂胶的主要生物学活性作用,重点阐述了蜂胶猪生产中的主要应用。蜂胶是蜜蜂采自树上的树脂及腋芽为主要原料加工而成的蜂产品,其成分十分复杂,主要活性物为黄酮化合物。大量研究表明,蜂胶具有促进动物生长、抗菌抗病毒、抗癌、抗氧化、降血脂、消除自由基、增强免疫功能等作用,不但能提高动物的生产性能,还能对动物的多种疾病有治疗作用。被誉为"天然药物"的蜂胶,随着人们对其有效成分研究的不断深入,其应用前景也变得越来越广阔。 相似文献
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蜂胶中黄酮类化合物含量测定方法的改进 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
蜂胶中黄酮类化合物含量测定方法的改进曹瑶凌娅指导老师房柱连云港市蜂疗研究所（２２２００１）蜂胶是工蜂从植物幼芽上采集的树脂并混入蜜蜂上颚腺分泌物和蜂蜡等成分的混合物〔１〕。其主要化学成分为黄酮类、酚类。具有抗菌、降血脂等多种生物活性作用。随着蜂胶在医... 相似文献
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蜂胶应用于畜牧业的研究现状及发展前景 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
蜂胶系蜜蜂从植物芽苞或树皮上采集的树胶 ,混入上腭腺分泌物及蜂蜡而成的棕绿色至棕红色粘性胶状物质 ,是蜜蜂填补蜂箱裂缝、磨光幼虫巢房、加固巢以及包裹、密封太大的入侵者的尸体以防止腐烂之用。不同地域其蜂胶的含量成分和色泽等均有较大差别。蜂胶中所含的丰富而独特的生物活性物质 ,使蜂胶具备了独特而复杂的抗菌、消炎、抗病毒、抗氧化、抗溃疡、增强免疫、降血糖、降血脂等多种生物功能 ,已经逐步受到食品界、营养界、医学界、畜牧兽医界等的极大关注。1 蜂胶的成分及生物学作用1.1 蜂胶的成分蜂胶具有抗菌、消炎、抗病毒等多种… 相似文献
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不同地区蜂胶抗氧化活性与化学组分的研究进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
综述了不同地区蜂胶的抗氧化活性,以及不同地区蜂胶中总酚类和总黄酮化合物含量,分析了总酚类含量与抗氧化活性之间的关系,及不同地区蜂胶中主要的组分.研究结果表明,不同地区蜂胶的抗氧化活性不同,总酚类和总黄酮含量也不同;蜂胶的抗氧化活性与总酚类之间存在一定的相关性.不同地区蜂胶中主要组分相差很大.研究结果表明,蜂胶的化学成分复杂,不同地区蜂胶抗氧化活性的不同是多种成分相互协同作用的结果. 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制. 相似文献
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Billinghurst RC Brama PA van Weeren PR Knowlton MS McIlwraith CW 《American journal of veterinary research》2004,65(2):143-150
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether serum concentrations of biomarkers of skeletal metabolism can, in conjunction with radiographic evaluation, indicate severity of osteochondrosis in developing horses. ANIMALS: 43 Dutch Warmblood foals with varying severity of osteochondrosis. PROCEDURE: 24 foals were monitored for 5 months and 19 foals were monitored for 11 months. Monthly radiographs of femoropatellar-femorotibial and tibio-tarsal joints were graded for osteochondral abnormalities. Serial blood samples were assayed for 8 cartilage and bone biomarkers. At the end of the monitoring period, foals were examined for macroscopic osteochondrosis lesions. RESULTS: Temporal relationships were evident between certain serum biomarkers and osteochondrosis severity in foals during their first year. Biomarkers of collagen degradation (collagenase-generated neoepitopes of type-II collagen fragments, type-I and -II collagen fragments [COL2-3/4C(short)], and cross-linked telopeptide fragments of type-I collagen) and bone mineralization (osteocalcin) were positive indicators of osteochondrosis severity at 5 months of age. In foals with lesions at 11 months of age, osteochondrosis severity correlated negatively with COL2-3/4C(short) and osteocalcin and positively with C-propeptide of type-II procollagen (CPII), a collagen synthesis marker. Radiographic grading of osteochondrosis lesions significantly correlated with macroscopic osteochondrosis severity score at both ages and was strongest when combined with osteocalcin at 5 months and CPII at 11 months. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The ability of serum biomarkers to indicate osteochondrosis severity appears to depend on stage of disease and is strengthened with radiography. In older foals with more permanent lesions, osteochondrosis severity is significantly related to biomarker concentrations of decreased bone formation and increased cartilage synthesis. 相似文献