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1.
东北地区新城疫流行株的分子生物学特性调查   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  
从东北地区发生新城疫(ND)的病鸡、病鸽和产蛋下降鸡分离到19株NDV，对其融合蛋白(F)基因532bp或280bp片段进行了克隆、测序(在GenBank中的登录号为AY208680～AY208698)，并对各株的F基因序列进行了比较。结果，各毒株之间的核苷酸同源性为83．1％～100％，氨基酸同源性为85．5％～100％；系统发育进化树分析表明，其中2株与疫苗株V4同属基因Ⅰ型，为弱毒株；其余17株为强毒株，其中2株为基因Ⅵ型，其余为基因Ⅶ型。表明东北地区目前由3种基因型的NDV毒株(Ⅰ型、Ⅵ型、Ⅶ型)所引发，并以基因Ⅶ型为主。另外，对其中的代表毒株APMV1／chiclierl／China／JL-11／02进行了免疫学试验，结果显示，LaSota疫苗的免疫保护效果不理想，可能是LaSota疫苗免疫鸡群发生ND的主要原因。  相似文献   

2.
为研究当前流行的新城疫病毒（Newcastle disease virus,NDV）基因型、致病性及其与传统新城疫病毒疫苗株（La Sota等）的核苷酸差异,试验从某发病鸡场病死鸡体内分离到1株疑似NDV毒株,经红细胞凝集试验（HA）和红细胞凝集抑制试验（HI）初步确定为鸡源NDV。参照GenBank公布的NDV F基因部分片段（登录号：JF950510.1）设计1对引物,通过RT-PCR技术扩增分离株的F基因并克隆、测序,测序结果与NCBI中NDV F基因序列进行比对,构建系统进化树并分析其基因型;通过测定鸡胚平均致死时间（MDT）、1日龄鸡脑内致病指数（ICPI）和6周龄鸡静脉致病指数（IVPI）判断病毒致病性;参照GenBank公布的NDV全基因组序列（登录号：JF950510.1）设计9对引物对分离株进行全基因组序列测定,并分析其基因组结构。结果表明,RT-PCR扩增得到F基因长约500 bp,基于F基因构建的系统进化树显示分离株为基因Ⅶ型NDV;MDT、ICPI和IVPI分别为52.8 h、1.675和2.46,表明分离株属于强毒株。全基因组序列分析显示,分离株全基因组全长15 192 bp,与传统La Sota株基因组相比,序列多出6个碱基,核苷酸序列同源性82.8%。本研究成功分离到1株基因Ⅶ型NDV强毒株,且与传统疫苗毒株La Sota的核苷酸序列同源性差异较大。  相似文献   

3.
为了解广西地区新城疫病毒（NDV）在不同动物宿主内的分布流行情况,对从广西地区鸡、野鸟、猪、鹅、马等5种不同动物体内分离到 NDV 毒株,进行了 F 基因的克隆扩增和序列分析。结果表明,5个NDV 分离株 F 基因的核苷酸序列同源性为85．2％～98．6％,推导氨基酸序列同源性为88．9％～98．6％,同源性差异较大;5个毒株的 F 基因与国内贵州、长春、福建等地的当前流行株同源性较高;以 F 基因前374 bp核甘酸同源性比较分型表明,鸡源、鹅源、马源毒株为当前流行的基因Ⅶ型,而猪源毒株和野鸟源毒株为传统的基因Ⅱ型。  相似文献   

4.
2005年中国新城疫病毒分子流行病学研究   总被引：19，自引：2，他引：19  
采用2005年从国内不同地区、不同宿主分离到的NDV分离株，选取其中具有代表性的83株，用RT-PCR技术扩增其F基因重要的功能区片段，进一步进行序列测定。序列分析表明所扩增的目的片段长度为535bp，序列测定结果已经登陆到GenBank，登陆号为DQ439866-DQ439948。参照国内外已发表的部分毒株的F基因序列，构建了NDV的遗传进化树，分析毒株间的遗传进化关系。通过遗传进化分析表明83株NDV分离株中有65株属于基因Ⅶ型，9株属于基因Ⅱ型，5株属于基因Ⅰ型，3株属于基因Ⅵ型，1株属于基因Ⅲ型。表明我国目前ND的流行情况比较复杂，其中基因Ⅶ型新城疫病毒所引起的新城疫在国内呈流行趋势，同时也存在其它基因型的散发，从而为我国目前新城疫的防治提供了科学的参考依据。  相似文献   

5.
参考GenBank中Ⅰ型禽副粘病毒（Avian paramyxovirus,APMV-1）序列,在F基因的3’端相对保守区设计1对引物,利用RT-PCR方法对华南农业大学兽医学院禽病学教研室近两年来从广州和深圳两个地区分离的4种动物来源共10株Ⅰ型禽副粘病毒毒株的F基因进行扩增,其扩增长度约为450bp。测序结果表明：广州株与NDV的基因Ⅵ型有高度的同源性,1个深圳株与Ⅶ型有较高的同源性,其氨基酸序列均符合F蛋白裂解位点区（112-117）强毒株的氨基酸序列特征;其他4个深圳株均与基因Ⅰ型有很高的同源性,其氨基酸序列均符合F蛋白裂解位点区（112-117）弱毒株的氨基酸序列特征。  相似文献   

6.
以一株鸭新城疫病毒NDV-SS分离株基因组RNA为模板,采用RT-PCR方法扩增其F基因,并进行克隆和序列测定。通过序列分析软件将该毒株F基因氨基酸推导序列与GenBank上已发表的新城疫病毒（Newcastle disease virus, NDV）F基因相关代表序列进行同源性及遗传进化关系分析。测序结果表明,NDV-SS株F基因全长1662 bp,编码553个氨基酸,其蛋白裂解位点氨基酸序列为112R-R-Q-K-R-F117,符合NDV强毒株特有的序列结构特征。同源性及遗传进化关系分析结果表明,NDV-SS株为基因Ⅵ型毒株,与鸽源新城疫IT-227、Italy-2736分离株具有较高同源性和较近的亲缘关系,推测其可能是由鸽源新城疫病毒变异所产生的。  相似文献   

7.
用设计的特异性引物，通过一步法RT-PCR扩增出5个毒株的897bp片段，对其中的3株病毒cDNA分析表明：各毒株的半胱胺酸位点和个数及糖化位点基本没有改变。各毒株在抗原决定簇氨基酸位点HN基因346-353处的碱基突变甚多，且氨基酸也出现了部分的突变。针对HN基因897bp片段构建了相应的系统发育树，系统发育分析表明：中国（华南）地区NDV各毒株与欧美国家的Ⅱ至Ⅴ基因群明显分离，遗传规律较远；NDV-WS1和NDV-HY与台湾省NDV各毒株归属为一组，与中国毒株的遗传距离较近，均属新近出现的基因型Ⅶ型，NDⅦ型在远东和西欧（Ⅶb）和及中东和南非（Ⅶa）广泛存在，可能形成了ND的第4次大流行。这些一方面说明NDV的变异可能已突破种源屏障，在鸡与鹅之间进行相互传播；另一方面说明中国古老的NDV毒株仍然持续存在，并逐渐向强毒株突变，与其他新出现的基因型毒株“共循环“。  相似文献   

8.
测定了基因Ⅶ型新城疫(Newcastle disease,ND)强毒分离株Chicken/China/SD04/2011和Chicken/China/SDWF07/2011的全基因序列,将其与GenBank中已发表的29株基因Ⅶ型新城疫毒株的全基因序列进行比对,同源性在91％～97％之间.2株基因Ⅶ型分离株与中国标准强毒F48E8、国外标准强毒Herts/33及疫苗株chicken/N.Ireland/Ulster/67、B1、Clone30、LaSota、Mukteswar核苷酸序列同源性在83％～87％之间;其F蛋白前体F0裂解位点附近的氨基酸序列均为112RRQKRF117,符合NDV强毒株的特征;与单抗1E5反应阴性,结合对各蛋白的抗原位点的分析初步推测2株病毒的抗原性可能发生了变化.  相似文献   

9.
本研究旨在从分子水平上掌握中国新城疫病毒的变异情况和新城疫的流行规律,对2008-2009年从中国部分省市养殖场分离的9株新城疫病毒毒株,采用RT-PCR方法扩增其F和HN基因,经克隆和测序,对所得序列进行同源性和遗传进化分析。结果显示,9株分离株有8株为基因Ⅶ型,1株为基因Ⅱ型,F基因开放性阅读框架(ORF)为1662 bp,强毒株同La Sota的核苷酸同源性为83.5%~84.2%。HN基因开放性阅读框架(ORF)为1716或1734 bp,强毒株在538位缺失1个糖基化位点。结果表明,近年流行的ND疫情主要是由基因Ⅶ型NDV引起,F和HN基因的变异可能与频繁的疫苗免疫选择压力有关。  相似文献   

10.
为研究当前流行的新城疫病毒(Newcastle disease virus,NDV)基因型、致病性及其与传统新城疫病毒疫苗株(La Sota等)的核苷酸差异,试验从某发病鸡场病死鸡体内分离到1株疑似NDV毒株,经红细胞凝集试验(HA)和红细胞凝集抑制试验(HI)初步确定为鸡源NDV。参照GenBank公布的NDV F基因部分片段(登录号:JF950510.1)设计1对引物,通过RT-PCR技术扩增分离株的F基因并克隆、测序,测序结果与NCBI中NDVF基因序列进行比对,构建系统进化树并分析其基因型;通过测定鸡胚平均致死时间(MDT)、1日龄鸡脑内致病指数(ICPI)和6周龄鸡静脉致病指数(IVPI)判断病毒致病性;参照GenBank公布的NDV全基因组序列(登录号:JF950510.1)设计9对引物对分离株进行全基因组序列测定,并分析其基因组结构。结果表明,RT-PCR扩增得到F基因长约500bp,基于F基因构建的系统进化树显示分离株为基因Ⅶ型NDV;MDT、ICPI和IVPI分别为52.8h、1.675和2.46,表明分离株属于强毒株。全基因组序列分析显示,分离株全基因组全长15 192bp,与传统La Sota株基因组相比,序列多出6个碱基,核苷酸序列同源性82.8%。本研究成功分离到1株基因Ⅶ型NDV强毒株,且与传统疫苗毒株La Sota的核苷酸序列同源性差异较大。  相似文献   

11.
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.  相似文献   

12.
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large.  相似文献   

13.
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.  相似文献   

14.
Tropical Animal Health and Production -  相似文献   

15.
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round.  相似文献   

16.
The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host.  相似文献   

17.
Our particular attention in this article was given to natural mediators for macrophages isolated from the sites of tissue injury. A number of chemotactic factors, which may satisfy many criteria making them acceptable as inflammatory leucocyte chemotactic factors, has been separated. Among them, our laboratory has isolated three macrophage (monocyte) chemotactic factors (MCF-a, -b and -c). Their purification, characterization and functional specificity are discussed.  相似文献   

18.
Comparison of different tests to diagnose feline infectious peritonitis   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
  相似文献   

19.
An experiment was conducted to study disappearance of C14 to C18 fatty acids, lag times and biohydrogenation (BH) rates of C18 fatty acids of ground soya bean and canola seeds in situ. Three ruminally fistulated Dallagh sheep were used to determine ruminal BH of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). Differences in the disappearance of fatty acids through the bags and lag times were observed between the oilseeds. We saw that the longer the incubation time of the oilseeds in the rumen, the lower the content of C18:2 and C18:3. Significantly higher lag times for both C18:2 and C18:3 were observed in ground canola compared to ground soya bean. BH rates of C18:2 and C18:3 fatty acids in soya bean were three times higher than those of canola. These results suggest that the fatty acid profile of fat source can affect the BH of UFAs by rumen micro‐organisms. So that UFAs of canola had higher ability to escape from ruminal BH. It seems that fatty acid profile of ruminant products is more affected by canola seed compared to soya bean seed.  相似文献   

20.
Serum biochemical values and the wet weight to dry weight ratios of tissues were determined in yaks in Shandan county of Gansu province. The liver, kidney, heart and muscle contents of seven elements in yaks were also analysed. Most serum biochemical values were similar to those of cattle, camels and sheep, but the calcium concentration was considerably above the normal range for other ruminants. The liver contained the highest concentrations of copper, manganese and cobalt and the kidney of selenium, iron and calcium.Abbreviations Alb albumin - ALT alanine aminotransferase - AST aspartate aminotransferase - BUN blood urea nitrogen - Chol cholesterol - Glob globulin - -GT -glutamyl transpeptidase - IP inorganic phosphorus - TP total protein  相似文献   

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