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1.
桂花查耳酮合酶chs基因的克隆及序列分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
克隆与桂花(Osmanthus fragrans)花色形成相关基因查耳酮合酶(Ofchs),并对该基因的序列特征、进化关系进行分析,为探究该基因在桂花花色形成中的功能提供理论依据。以桂花‘丹桂’品种为试材,采用RT-PCR和RACE方法克隆丹桂查耳酮合酶(chalcone synthase,chs)基因c DNA全长。利用NCBI和DNAMAN分析软件,对该基因进行核苷酸序列以及氨基酸序列的分析,利用DNAMAN软件直接构建系统进化树,以分析该基因在不同物种间的进化关系。结果表明:从‘丹桂’花瓣中成功获得了1个丹桂查耳酮合酶基因c DNA全长,该基因全长为1383 bp,包含48 bp的5′非编码区、162 bp的3′非编码区和1个长度为1173 bp编码390个氨基酸的开放阅读框。序列分析表明,该基因具有Cysl64、His303和Asn3363个活性位点及2个决定底物特异性的苯丙氨酸残基Phe215、Phe265。该基因也具有查尔酮合酶家族的2条特征多肽序列:RFMMYQQGCFAGGTVLR和GVLFGFGPGL。Blast序列分析显示,该基因与同属木犀科的油橄榄相似性达95%,与其他双子叶植物的相似性达72%~76%。克隆出的丹桂chs基因属于查尔酮合酶家族,系统进化分析表明,该基因聚类具有明显的种属特性,桂花与唇形科等植物的chs亲缘关系较近,相似性达76%以上,符合植物分类学分类,为今后探究该基因在花色行形成中的作用机制奠定了基础。 相似文献
2.
莲多酚氧化酶基因的克隆及序列分析 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
多酚氧化酶是一类普遍存在于植物、真菌、昆虫的质体中,由核基因编码能与铜相结合的金属蛋白酶。它是许多果蔬等农产品酶促褐变的主因,也在植物的光合作用、抗病虫害、生长发育以及花色的形成中起一定作用。用RT—PCR方法,从中国莲（Nelumbo nucifera）幼叶RNA中成功扩增出ppo的部分序列,经克隆测序,得到长度在978-1057bp的序列共7个,编码326～352个氨基酸。与其他物种PPO进行比较,其核苷酸序列相似性为83％-85％,氨基酸序列相似性为84％99％。莲ppo的成功克隆为抑制莲藕的酶促褐变,提高莲的抗虫抗病性等的研究打下了良好的基础。 相似文献
3.
《分子植物育种》2017,(4)
查尔酮合酶(CHS)是类黄酮生物合成过程中的第一个关键酶,其在类黄酮的合成过程中发挥着非常重要的作用。本研究以日本蛇根草为研究材料,根据其转录组测序结果设计全长引物,通过RT-PCR方法成功克隆得到日本蛇根草查尔酮合酶基因完整的cDNA序列,并利用相关生物信息学软件对其进行分析。结果表明,该基因序列全长为1 170 bp,编码389个氨基酸,预测其蛋白分子量为42.783 kD,等电点为6.05,是亲水性蛋白质,不含有信号肽,很可能定位在细胞质中。同时,二级结构分析显示,日本蛇根草CHS的二级结构分别由180个α螺旋、84个延伸链、125个无规则卷曲组成,这与三维结构预测结果相一致。日本蛇根草CHS基因的克隆对于研究植物类黄酮的生物合成及其分子机制具有重要意义,同时也丰富了双子叶植物PKS基因家族的相关研究。 相似文献
4.
竹叶花椒查尔酮合成酶基因克隆与表达 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《分子植物育种》2020,(16)
查尔酮合成酶(chalcone synthase, CHS)是植物次生代谢途径中的关键酶。本研究依据转录组数据设计特异性引物,采用RT-PCR方法成功地从竹叶花椒(Zanthoxylum armatum)中克隆得到一个全新的CHS基因的全长cDNA序列,命名为ZaCHS (NCBI登录号:MK953733)。序列分析结果表明,ZaCHS包含完整的cDNA开放阅读框(OFR),由1 173 bp组成,编码390个氨基酸。Blast比对结果显示该蛋白属于CHS家族蛋白;系统进化树结果显示竹叶花椒ZaCHS与芸香科植物甜橙、克里曼丁桔等的CHS亲缘关系较近。荧光定量PCR检测显示,ZaCHS在竹叶花椒中的表达量从高到低分别为:嫁接树的叶、嫁接树的茎、实生树的茎、实生树的叶。通过对竹叶花椒CHS基因进行克隆与分析,为后续深入研究竹叶花椒类黄酮代谢途径相关基因、CHS基因表达调控以及CHS基因家族进化提供帮助。 相似文献
5.
红花檵木CHS基因的克隆与序列分析 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
查尔酮合酶(chalcone synthase, CHS)是进入类黄酮和花色素苷次生代谢的第1个关键酶。根据植物查尔酮合成酶保守区序列设计引物,以红花檵木(Loropetalurn chinense var. rubrum)大叶红的嫩叶为材料,用RT-PCR方法,分离得到了一个查尔酮合成酶基因的cDNA（GenBank登录号为JQ609678）,将该基因命名为LcvrCHS1。该序列长927 bp,编码232个氨基酸残基。其核苷酸序列与GenBank已登录的同样来源的核桃、山茶属植物CHS序列同源性达83%,与其他科植物（绣球花、葡萄、桃、马铃薯、甘草、领春木属）CHS序列同源性也达到80%以上;其编码的氨基酸序列与山茶属、葡萄、鳄梨、洋梨、沙梨、映山红CHS基因编码的氨基酸序列同样具有高度同源性,同源性高达98%。 相似文献
6.
莲膨胀素基因的克隆及其序列分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
膨胀素是一类存在于植物细胞壁上,并能快速缓冲张力,使植物细胞壁松驰的蛋白质。以中国莲幼叶总RNA反转录所得的cDNA为模板,设计简并引物,用PCR方法成功扩增出expansin部分序列,经克隆测序,得到长度在531-532bp的序列共3个,编码177个氨基酸,而且均存在expansin的保守区域。与其它物种,如杂交杨树、烟草、杂交葡萄、野马铃薯、樱桃等物种的expansin相比,核苷酸相似性为84％-85％,氨基酸序列相似性为86%-99％。莲expansin的成功克隆为研究莲的生长发育以及莲品种的改良等打下了良好的基础。 相似文献
7.
查尔酮是植物体形成的一类次级代谢产物,在植物花色形成、育性及抵抗胁迫中发挥重要作用。前期研究发现粉葛与野葛中总黄酮的含量和葛根素的含量差异较大,而查尔酮合成酶是黄酮类化合物合成中的首个关键酶。为了研究野葛与粉葛中的查尔酮合成酶(CHS)基因是否存在差异性,利用同源克隆的方法,根据已报道的野葛CHS基因序列设计引物,从粉葛中克隆CHS基因,对其进行蛋白相对分子质量、二级结构及亚细胞定位预测等生物信息学分析并构建植物表达载体。结果显示,成功克隆到粉葛CHS基因,将其命名为PtCHS,该基因cDNA序列长1187 bp,包含一个长1179 bp完整的ORF框,推导编码389个氨基酸,预测蛋白相对分子质量为42.8 kD,理论等电点为5.96,无跨膜结构域,为稳定的亲水性蛋白,二级结构主要由α-螺旋、延伸链、β-转角和无规则卷曲组成,同时亚细胞定位预测结果显示蛋白位于细胞质;氨基酸序列多重比对发现,粉葛的查尔酮合成酶基因(PtCHS)所编码的氨基酸与已报道的野葛CHS基因编码的氨基酸同源性为100%,与大豆、赤豆、菜豆及木豆的氨基酸同源性均在95%以上;蛋白互作预测分析得出,CHS与CHI、C4H及REDUCTASE发生互作的可能性较大;用PtCHS与植物表达载体pBI121构建重组子pBI121-PtCHS,为葛根查尔酮合成酶基因的功能验证提供重要的参考依据。 相似文献
8.
苦荞中查尔酮合成酶基因（CHS）的克隆 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
获得完整的苦荞查尔酮合成酶基因（CHS）信息并评价其进化地位,对分子辅助选育高黄酮含量的苦荞品种具有重要的指导意义。用RACE法克隆苦荞CHS基因,用生物信息学手段分析预测苦荞CHS基本理化性质和同源性,用临接法构建了该酶的系统发生树。获得1250 bp的CHS cDNA全长,含241 bp的3’UTR和185 bp的5’UTR;等电点（pI）和分子量（Mr）分别为5.33和35340.75 Da;克隆获得975 bp的开放性阅读框（ORF）。预测该基因编码含325个氨基酸残基的蛋白,氨基酸同源比对结果表明,苦荞CHS与蓼科的虎杖相似性很高;临接法构建的系统发生树结果表明,苦荞CHS与其他双子叶植物有共同的起源,与蓼科的金荞麦、甜荞、虎杖及石竹科的满天星亲缘关系较近。成功获得苦荞CHS基因的cDNA全长,克隆出完整的ORF,并确定了苦荞中该酶的进化地位和方向。 相似文献
9.
《分子植物育种》2017,(3)
擎天凤梨‘Ostsra’是一种观赏红色苞片为主的高档盆栽花卉。一般认为植物苞片的呈色物质除叶绿素外多来源于花色素,而CHS、F3'H和DFR是在花色素的合成过程中的关键酶。本研究采用采用简并引物及同源克隆法获得了881 bp的CHS基因,编码276个氨基酸的序列,GenBank登录号为KX364270;采用cDNA全长文库构建、EST批量测序及目标单克隆序列测通法,获得了F3'H和DFR基因。F3'H基因长1 176 bp,可编码325个氨基酸序列,GenBank登录号为KX364271;DFR基因长1 209 bp,可编码167个氨基酸的序列,GenBank登录号为KX364272。采用实时定量PCR法检测CHS、F3'H和DFR在‘Ostsra’苞片呈色过程中的表达变化,结果表明,3个基因在苞片变色过程中(绿苞-半红苞-全红苞)都呈现出递增的趋势,即随着苞片颜色的变深,3基因的表达量逐渐增加,全红状态时,表达量最高,而作为对照的绿叶,表达水平都是最低的。 相似文献
10.
查尔酮合酶(chalcone synthase,CHS)是类黄酮合成途径的关键酶和限速酶,在植物花色素苷形成中具有重要作用,并参与植物的育性、机械损伤的防御反应等。本研究利用生物信息学方法在RNA-seq数据中获得了狗枣猕猴桃查尔酮合酶基因(AkCHS1)的序列信息,并对AkCHS1进行结构及功能预测。结果表明,狗枣猕猴桃AkCHS1的c DNA全长为1577 bp,CDS为1167 bp,编码蛋白由389个氨基酸构成,具有CHS_like的保守序列,是查尔酮合酶(PLN03169)超家族的一员,是一个亲水性、稳定的蛋白。与其他19种植物的查尔酮合酶氨基酸序列进行对比,结果表明,狗枣猕猴桃AkCHS1与中华猕猴桃及其变种亲缘关系较近,而与桑树、柑橘等植物亲缘关系较远。本研究为狗枣猕猴桃AkCHS1基因功能的进一步研究提供了参考。 相似文献
11.
Biological Activity and Quantification of Suspected Allelochemicals from Alfalfa Plant Parts 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
Autotoxicity restricts reseeding of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) after alfalfa until autotoxic chemical(s) breaks down or is dispersed into external environments. A series of aqueous extracts from leaves, stems, roots and seeds of alfalfa ‘Vernal’ were bioassayed against alfalfa seedlings of the same cultivar to determine their autotoxicity. The highest inhibition was found in the extracts from the leaves. Extracts at 40 g dry tissue l?1 from alfalfa leaves were 15.4, 17.5 and 28.7 times more toxic to alfalfa root growth than were those from roots, stems and seeds, respectively. A high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis with nine standard compounds showed that the concentrations and compositions of allelopathic compounds depended on the plant parts. In leaf extracts that showed the most inhibitory effect on root growth, the highest amounts of allelochemicals were detected. Among nine phenolic compounds assayed for their phytotoxicity on root growth of alfalfa, coumarin, trans‐cinnamic acid and o‐coumaric acid at 10?3 m were most inhibitory. The type and amount of causative allelochemicals found in alfalfa plant parts were highly correlated with the results of the bioassay, indicating that the autotoxic effects of alfalfa plant parts significantly differed. 相似文献
12.
C. J. Spurr D. A. Fulton P. H. Brown R. J. Clark 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2002,188(4):275-280
Development of onion (Allium cepa L., cv. ‘Early Cream Gold’) seed under cool climate conditions in Tasmania, Australia occurred over a longer duration than previously reported, but similar patterns of change in yield components were recorded. In contrast to previous studies, umbel moisture content declined from 85 to 67 % over 57 days while seed moisture content decreased from 85 to 31 %. Seed yield continued to increase over the duration of crop development, with increasing seed weight compensating for seed loss resulting from capsule dehiscence in the later stages of maturation. Germination percentage was high and did not vary significantly from 53 to 77 days after full bloom (DAF), but mean germination time declined and uniformity of germination increased significantly over the same time period. The percentage abnormal seedlings declined with later harvest date, resulting in highest seed quality at 77 DAF. The results of this study suggest that the decision to harvest cool climate onion seed crops before capsule dehiscence will result in a loss of potential seed yield and quality. 相似文献
13.
Jens Jensen 《Euphytica》1979,28(1):47-56
Summary The high-lysine gene in Risø mutant 1508 conditions an increased lysine content in the endosperm via a changed protein composition, a decreased seed size, and several other characters of the seed. The designation lys3a, lys3b, and lys3c, is proposed for the allelic high-lysine genes in three Risø mutants, nos 1508, 18, and 19. Linkage studies with translocations locate the lys3 locus in the centromere region of chromosome 7. A linkage study involving the loci lys3 and ddt (resistance to DDT) together with the marker loci fs (fragile stem), s (short rachilla hairs), and r (smooth awn) show that the order of the five loci on chromosome 7 from the long to the short chromosome arm is r, s, fs, lys3, ddt. The distance from locus r to locus ddt is about 100 centimorgans. 相似文献
14.
G. H. Kroon 《Euphytica》1994,76(1-2):125-125
Summary
K x vadensis is a hybrid of K. blossfeldiana and K. marmorata obtained after doubling the number of chromosomes. 相似文献
15.
Hongyan WEI Jian ZHOU Jinguang LU Jingzheng SONG Qiongxi YU Zhihong JIANG 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):27-29
[Objectives]This study aimed to establish a QAMS(quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker)method for simultaneous determination of four phenol... 相似文献
16.
Summary Avoidance of rust fungi that was based on poor appressorium induction was previously found in Hordeum chilense. In the present study 95 accessions of Triticeae were screened for avoidance of Puccinia hordei. The percentage of appressorium formation per germinated spore ranged from 6 to 90%. On none of the 41 accessions of Aegilops, Agropyron, Elymus, Secale, Thinopyrum or Triticum studied was the rate of appressorium formation lower than 25%. Lower rates of appressorium formation were, however, found on accessions of wild barley species Hordeum brachyantherum, H. marinum, H. parodii and H. secalinum. Its implications in cereal breeding are discussed. 相似文献
17.
Summary Reactions of 13 grasses to Meloidogyne naasi varied with species; ryegrasses, fescues and their hybrids were generally susceptible and cocksfoot and timothy resistant. Marked variation in host resistance levels occurred between genotypes within cultivars.Selection of single plants, followed by tests on replicate tillers, identified resistant and susceptible genotypes in both Italian and perennial ryegrass cultivars. Resistant plants had few nematode-induced galls and fewer females and eggs than susceptibles. There was more or less continuous variation, with many genotypes intermediate between extremes of resistance and susceptibility. Selected resistant and susceptible genotypes are of use in assessing variation in nematode populations and as controls for breeding and selection programmes. 相似文献
18.
W. Erskine M. Tufail A. Russell M. C. Tyagi M. M. Rahman M. C. Saxena 《Euphytica》1993,73(1-2):127-135
Lentil production is limited by lack of moisture and unfavorable temperatures throughout its distribution. Waterlogging and salinity are only locally important. Progress has been made in breeding for tolerance to drought through selection for an appropriate phenology and increased water use efficiency and in breeding for winter hardiness through selection for cold tolerance.The diseases rust, vascular wilt, and Ascochyta blight, caused by Uromyces viciae-fabae, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lentis, and Ascochyta fabae f. sp. lentis, respectively, are the key fungal pathogens of lentil. Cultivars with resistance to rust and Ascochyta blight have been released in several countries and resistant sources to vascular wilt are being exploited. Sources of resistance to several other fungal and viral diseases of regional importance are known. In contrast, although the pea leaf weevil (Sitona spp.) and the parasitic weed broomrape (Orobanche spp.), and to a lesser extent the cyst nematode (Heterodera ciceri), are significant yield reducers of lentil, no sources of resistance to these biotic stresses have been found. Directions for future research in lentil on both biotic and abiotic stresses are discussed. 相似文献
19.
D. A. Bond G. J. Jellis G. G. Rowland J. Le Guen L. D. Robertson S. A. Khalil L. Li-Juan 《Euphytica》1993,73(1-2):151-166
Progress is being made, mainly by ICARDA but also elsewhere, in breeding for resistance to Botrytis, AScochyta, Uromyces, and Orobanche; and some lines have resistance to more than one pathogen. The strategy is to extend multiple resistance but also to seek new and durable forms of resistance. Internationally coordinated programs are needed to maintain the momentum of this work.Tolerance of abiotic stresses leads to types suited to dry or cold environments rather than broad adaptability, but in this cross-pollinated species, the more hybrid vigor expressed by a cultivar, the more it is likely to tolerate various stresses. 相似文献
20.
Chunli TANG Fengxian ZHAO Hongxia CHEN Jiabao MA Jiangcun WEI Meiyan QIU Zhen XIE 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):60-65
[Objectives]To optimize the water extraction process of Chinese Herbal Compound Man Gan Ning and establish a method for its extraction and content determination... 相似文献