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为客观评价壮筋补骨丸促进骨折愈合的作用,选用30只雄性新西兰兔造成右侧桡骨3 mm完全缺损的骨折模型,随机分为模型组、伤科组和壮筋组,分别给予生理盐水、伤科接骨片和壮筋补骨丸灌胃,连续4周.各组动物每周处死3只,取样进行HE染色、Masson染色和PAS染色观察,并于术后28 d取右侧桡骨(骨折骨)进行扫描电镜观察.结果表明,壮筋组较模型组及伤科组提前1周PAS和Masson染色呈阳性,于2周后观察到胶原纤维大量出现,成骨过程明显快于模型组.电镜观察显示模型组术后4周骨痂生长,胶原纤维交错排列,未出现成熟的骨细胞,而伤科组及壮筋组术后4周胶原纤维平行簇状排列,出现了板质骨和骨细胞,与模型组比较差异明显,表明壮筋补骨丸能促进新西兰兔骨折愈合. 相似文献
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壮筋补骨丸促进新西兰兔骨折愈合的X线影像学比较研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
为客观评价壮筋补骨丸促进骨折愈合的作用,选用30只雄性新西兰兔造成右侧桡骨3 mm完全缺损的骨折模型,随机分为模型组、伤科组和壮筋组,分别给予生理盐水,伤科接骨片和壮筋补骨丸灌胃,连续5周.术后观察3组动物精神、食量、体重、活动情况,X线观察折断端骨痂生长情况并进行统计学处理.结果表明,术后壮筋组动物和伤科组动物均无发生续发性感染等并发症,其采食量和体重的恢复明显优于模型组;从X线诊断分析,伤科组与壮筋组在造模后7 d时,与模型组比较已有明显差异,表现在骨折端边缘模糊,骨膜出现轻度反应,其中壮筋组断端间距缩窄,见少量骨痂生长;14 d后,这种差异进一步增加,35 d时伤科组与壮筋组大部分新西兰兔骨折断端缺损均填满骨痂,与模型组比较差异明显,表明壮筋补骨丸能促进新西兰兔骨折愈合. 相似文献
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本研究分别用接触感染、用具感染、人工媒介感染法对30只兔子进行疥螨感染.结果表明,3种感染方法均使兔发生感染,且接触感染率最高;本研究使用敌百虫和伊维菌素对20只(每组10只)兔的疥螨病进行治疗试验,结果发现伊维菌素的治疗效果较敌百虫的显效快,但治愈率相同. 相似文献
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复方中药对骨折愈合的作用机制目前尚不明确,本试验通过观察复方中药对家兔桡骨骨折后血清钙、磷、碱性磷酸酶和X线影像学等指标的影响,分析该中药促骨愈合的效能及其可能作用机理。试验选用48只成年家兔,制成骨缺损标准模型,随机分为试验组和空白对照组,试验组每日在饲料中添加复方中药2.5 g/kg饲喂,对照组给予普通饲料。分别于术后2、4、6、8周进行生化指标和X线影像学检测。试验结果表明,试验组血清钙、血清磷、血清碱性磷酸酶及X线片评分骨折后明显高于对照组。该复方中药能缩短骨折愈合过程所需时间,提高骨折愈合质量,有利于骨折愈合。 相似文献
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为了探索纤维蛋白胶(FG)联合人骨形态发生蛋白(rhBMP-2)、碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(bFGF)和妥布霉素的复合物对犬骨折愈合的影响,建立了犬胫骨骨折模型,将FG复合物应用于实验组和空白对照组的胫骨骨折处,在术后2、4、8、12、16周,测定骨折处周围软组织充血水肿消除时间、利用X射线影像学评价骨折愈合程度、测定骨折愈合部位的骨密度(BMD)及骨密度比率、骨痂体积,测定胫骨生物力学强度并进行统计和分析。实验组和对照组比较:术部红、肿、热消失时间显著缩短,术后各时间点的X射线影像学评分更高,术后各时间点骨痂更大,术后16周术部骨骼能承受的最大载荷和最大位移显著增大。结果表明FG联合rhBMP-2、bFGF与妥布霉素应用于骨折部位,可促进骨折愈合过程中软组织的生成,缩短骨折愈合的时间,提高骨生物力学强度。 相似文献
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试验的目的:应用放射性同位素钙(Ca~(45))测定幼龄动物长骨骨折愈合过程中钙的代谢机制。试验其应用了35个健康的小猪。试验动物分成四个组。第一给:应用了9个动物测定幼龄动物骨折愈合过程中钙代谢的变化。这组试验动物未进行接骨手术。第二组(9个动物):骨折后也未进行接骨术,但这组试验动物在骨折后喂了抗生素,给 相似文献
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依普黄酮对笼养蛋鸡生产性能和蛋品质的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本试验选用200只24周龄健康海兰褐蛋鸡,随机分为4组:对照组(基础日粮中含钙3.55％)、低钙组(日粮含钙1.27％)、试验Ⅰ组(8 mg依普黄酮/kg低钙日粮)和试验Ⅱ组(20 mg依普黄酮/kg低钙日粮),观察依普黄酮对笼养蛋鸡生产的影响.结果:①试验后期低钙组蛋鸡瘫痪率较对照组显著升高;试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组瘫痪率则较低钙组显著降低;②试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组产蛋率分别比低钙组降低8.53％和12.05％(P＜0.01),畸形蛋率分别增加13.06％和23.04％ (P＜0.01),破壳率分别增加22.61％和30.85％(P＜0.01);③试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组蛋壳厚度分别比低钙组降低2.81％和4.69％ (P＞0.05),蛋比重分别降低0.46％和0.34％(P＜0.01);④低钙组蛋鸡骨密度值比对照组低5.99％(P＜0.05),试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组骨密度值分别比低钙组高3.43％和4.90％(P＜0.05),试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组与对照组间骨密度差异不显著(P＞0.05).试验结果提示,在低钙日粮中添加适量依普黄酮能有效减缓骨钙向蛋壳钙转移的速率,从而维持笼养蛋鸡的骨密度,降低其瘫痪的发生率. 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制. 相似文献
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Billinghurst RC Brama PA van Weeren PR Knowlton MS McIlwraith CW 《American journal of veterinary research》2004,65(2):143-150
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether serum concentrations of biomarkers of skeletal metabolism can, in conjunction with radiographic evaluation, indicate severity of osteochondrosis in developing horses. ANIMALS: 43 Dutch Warmblood foals with varying severity of osteochondrosis. PROCEDURE: 24 foals were monitored for 5 months and 19 foals were monitored for 11 months. Monthly radiographs of femoropatellar-femorotibial and tibio-tarsal joints were graded for osteochondral abnormalities. Serial blood samples were assayed for 8 cartilage and bone biomarkers. At the end of the monitoring period, foals were examined for macroscopic osteochondrosis lesions. RESULTS: Temporal relationships were evident between certain serum biomarkers and osteochondrosis severity in foals during their first year. Biomarkers of collagen degradation (collagenase-generated neoepitopes of type-II collagen fragments, type-I and -II collagen fragments [COL2-3/4C(short)], and cross-linked telopeptide fragments of type-I collagen) and bone mineralization (osteocalcin) were positive indicators of osteochondrosis severity at 5 months of age. In foals with lesions at 11 months of age, osteochondrosis severity correlated negatively with COL2-3/4C(short) and osteocalcin and positively with C-propeptide of type-II procollagen (CPII), a collagen synthesis marker. Radiographic grading of osteochondrosis lesions significantly correlated with macroscopic osteochondrosis severity score at both ages and was strongest when combined with osteocalcin at 5 months and CPII at 11 months. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The ability of serum biomarkers to indicate osteochondrosis severity appears to depend on stage of disease and is strengthened with radiography. In older foals with more permanent lesions, osteochondrosis severity is significantly related to biomarker concentrations of decreased bone formation and increased cartilage synthesis. 相似文献